{"id":9632,"date":"2018-11-04T22:00:10","date_gmt":"2018-11-04T21:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lldl.eu\/?p=9632"},"modified":"2019-04-05T23:28:49","modified_gmt":"2019-04-05T21:28:49","slug":"leurope-de-lindustrie-bientot-renforcee-par-les-technologies-quantiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2018\/11\/04\/leurope-de-lindustrie-bientot-renforcee-par-les-technologies-quantiques\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Europe de l\u2019industrie bient\u00f4t renforc\u00e9e par les technologies quantiques"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n
En bref \u2013 La Commission europ\u00e9enne a lanc\u00e9, le lundi 29 octobre, le nouveau programme <\/i>Quantum Flagship, afin d\u2019approfondir la recherche sur les technologies quantiques. Dot\u00e9e d\u2019une enveloppe d\u2019un milliard d\u2019euros sur dix ans, cette initiative vise \u00e0 concurrencer les positions am\u00e9ricaines et chinoises dans le domaine, en s\u2019appuyant largement sur l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me industriel europ\u00e9en.<\/i><\/p>\n

Vienne<\/i>. Lundi 29 octobre, la Commission europ\u00e9enne a lanc\u00e9 Quantum Flagship<\/i>, troisi\u00e8me mouture de son programme de recherche Future and Emerging Technologies<\/i> (F.E.T.), qui mobilise plus de 5 000 chercheurs et est d\u00e9di\u00e9e aux technologies quantiques (1<\/b><\/span>). Le montant du financement s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 un milliard d\u2019euros sur dix ans, le premier volet (jusqu\u2019en 2021) se caract\u00e9risant par le soutien \u00e0 vingt projets \u00e9manant de vingt-et-un pays, pour la somme de 132 millions d\u2019euros.<\/p>\n

Le quantique suscite en effet depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es le tout premier int\u00e9r\u00eat de l\u2019Europe. En avril 2016, l\u2019initiative Flagship<\/i> avait \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9e, donnant lieu \u00e0 de nombreuses r\u00e9flexions en la mati\u00e8re, et \u00e0 la publication en mai 2016 du Manifeste du Quantique<\/i>, aujourd\u2019hui sign\u00e9 par pr\u00e8s de 4 000 personnes (5<\/b><\/span>). Un rapport du Joint Research Centre<\/i> (JRC), command\u00e9 par la Commission europ\u00e9enne en mai 2016 et tourn\u00e9 en particulier vers les communications, la simulation, le calcul, la m\u00e9trologie et le chronom\u00e9trage, avait ainsi permis d\u2019\u00e9laborer une feuille de route d\u00e9finissant la politique europ\u00e9enne en la mati\u00e8re (4<\/b><\/span>). Le rapport identifiait notamment l\u2019importance qu\u2019y accordaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine. En effet, en octobre 2017, la Chine a investi 10 milliards de dollars pour fonder son National Laboratory for Quantum Information Sciences<\/i> ; en juin 2018, D. Trump a lanc\u00e9 le National Quantum Initiative Act<\/i>, qui pr\u00e9sente une enveloppe d\u20191,275 milliard de dollars (1<\/b><\/span>). Le Royaume-Uni, de fa\u00e7on nettement plus modeste, avait d\u00e9bloqu\u00e9 20 millions de livres sterling pour le m\u00eame type de projet (2<\/b><\/span>).<\/p>\n

Dans cette course internationale pour la technologie, l\u2019Europe, malgr\u00e9 un investissement dix fois moindre que celui de la Chine, entend poursuivre trois objectifs : renforcer sa place de pionni\u00e8re dans la recherche scientifique, b\u00e2tir une industrie europ\u00e9enne fond\u00e9e sur le quantique et faire de l\u2019Europe un espace favorable \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la recherche et \u00e0 l\u2019investissement des entreprises dans les technologies nouvelles. La Commission europ\u00e9enne proc\u00e8de ainsi bien d\u2019une logique industrielle en finan\u00e7ant des programmes de recherche appliqu\u00e9e : chaque projet retenu comporte des entreprises, pour faire face aux g\u00e9ants am\u00e9ricains comme IBM, Intel ou Google, qui investissent d\u00e9j\u00e0 fortement dans le domaine (3<\/b><\/span>). De quoi offrir de belles perspectives \u00e0 une l\u2019Europe de l\u2019industrie de pointe.\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Perspectives :<\/b><\/p>\n
    \n
  • 2019 : lancement de l\u2019appel QuantERA<\/i>, r\u00e9seau d\u2019organisations nationales de recherche des \u00c9tats membres (et associ\u00e9s) de l\u2019U.E., pour des projets li\u00e9s au quantique.<\/li>\n
  • 2021 : deuxi\u00e8me volet du Quantum Flagship<\/i>, qui permettra d\u2019\u00e9valuer les r\u00e9sultats des 20 projets soutenus en 2018 et de d\u00e9clencher le financement du reste du programme.<\/li>\n
  • Autour de 2035 : horizon d’op\u00e9rationnalit\u00e9 possible des ordinateurs quantiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sources<\/b> :<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Commission europ\u00e9enne, Quantum Technologies Flagship kicks off with first 20 projects<\/a>, 29 octobre 2018.<\/li>\n
  2. Gouvernement britannique, UK to lead second revolution in quantum technologies<\/a>, 28 mars 2018.<\/li>\n
  3. HARRIS Margaret, Europe pledges \u20ac1bn for applied quantum technologies<\/a>, Physics World<\/i>, 29 octobre 2018.<\/li>\n
  4. KRAMER M., LEWIS A.M., TRAVAGNIN M., Quantum Technologies : Implications for European Policy<\/a>, JRC Science for Policy Report<\/i>, 31 mai 2016.<\/li>\n
  5. Quantum Manifesto<\/a>, mai 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Olivier Lenoir<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Commission europ\u00e9enne a lanc\u00e9, le lundi 29 octobre, le nouveau programme Quantum Flagship, afin d\u2019approfondir la recherche sur les technologies quantiques. Dot\u00e9e d\u2019une enveloppe d\u2019un milliard d\u2019euros sur dix ans, cette initiative vise \u00e0 concurrencer les positions am\u00e9ricaines et chinoises dans le domaine, en s\u2019appuyant largement sur l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me industriel europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[534],"class_list":["post-9632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorised","geo-bulles"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019Europe de l\u2019industrie bient\u00f4t renforc\u00e9e par les technologies quantiques | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2018\/11\/04\/leurope-de-lindustrie-bientot-renforcee-par-les-technologies-quantiques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019Europe de l\u2019industrie bient\u00f4t renforc\u00e9e par les technologies quantiques | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Commission europ\u00e9enne a lanc\u00e9, le lundi 29 octobre, le nouveau programme Quantum Flagship, afin d\u2019approfondir la recherche sur les technologies quantiques. 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