{"id":78688,"date":"2020-07-13T07:47:43","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T05:47:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=78688"},"modified":"2020-11-07T22:54:49","modified_gmt":"2020-11-07T21:54:49","slug":"un-visa-pour-le-reve-europeen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/07\/13\/un-visa-pour-le-reve-europeen\/","title":{"rendered":"Un visa pour le r\u00eave europ\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dans une note pour l’action in\u00e9dite du Groupe d\u2019\u00e9tudes g\u00e9opolitiques, avec un avant-propos de Philippe Aghion, Antoine Levy<\/a> et Victor Storchan<\/a> proposent un plan d\u2019accueil des travailleurs STEM (chercheurs, entrepreneurs innovants, d\u00e9tenteurs de brevets) ax\u00e9 sur deux piliers : l’\u00e9mission d\u2019un visa de travail de cinq ans, renouvelable, valable sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire de l\u2019UE, et l\u2019engagement, financ\u00e9 en commun par le budget Union, d\u2019exon\u00e9rer d’imp\u00f4t sur le revenu ces nouveaux tech migrants pendant les deux premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de leur contrat. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

English version here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un visa pour le r\u00eave europ\u00e9en<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Par un executive order du 22 juin 2020, l\u2019administration Trump a drastiquement r\u00e9duit l\u2019\u00e9mission de nouveaux visas pour les travailleurs qualifi\u00e9s (H1B, L1 et J1) jusqu’\u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e. \u00c0 rebours de l\u2019histoire et de l\u2019ethos des \u00c9tats-Unis, le d\u00e9cret plonge un nombre consid\u00e9rable de talents internationaux, scientifiques, chercheurs, ing\u00e9nieurs et \u00e9tudiants dans une incertitude in\u00e9dite. Cette d\u00e9cision, qui s\u2019ajoute \u00e0 l\u2019impr\u00e9visibilit\u00e9 du Brexit, offre \u00e0 l\u2019Europe une fen\u00eatre d\u2019opportunit\u00e9 in\u00e9dite pour prendre toute sa place dans la comp\u00e9tition mondiale pour les talents. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour cela, l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne doit agir \u00e0 la mesure de ses ambitions technologiques et scientifiques, en d\u00e9ployant rapidement un plan ax\u00e9 sur deux piliers. D\u2019abord, l’\u00e9mission d\u2019un visa de travail de cinq ans, renouvelable, valable sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire de l\u2019UE, encourageant les travailleurs qualifi\u00e9s tr\u00e8s mobiles \u00e0 venir cr\u00e9er, construire ou innover sur son territoire. Ce \u00ab European tech visa \u00bb constituerait un outil puissant d\u2019unification du march\u00e9 du travail qualifi\u00e9 sur le continent, et un facteur de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 majeur \u00e0 l\u2019heure o\u00f9 partout ailleurs, les fronti\u00e8res se ferment et la mobilit\u00e9 internationale se tarit. Dans un second temps, les pays de l\u2019UE doivent s\u2019accorder sur l\u2019engagement, financ\u00e9 en commun, d\u2019exon\u00e9rer d’imp\u00f4t sur le revenu ces nouveaux migrants pendant les deux premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de leur contrat, pour rendre leurs r\u00e9mun\u00e9rations nettes plus attractives. Combin\u00e9e avec les syst\u00e8mes de protection sociale et d’\u00e9changes universitaires europ\u00e9ens, cette mesure viendrait compl\u00e9ter un paquet de dispositions attrayantes et comp\u00e9titives face aux puissants financeurs de la recherche que constituent la Suisse, Singapour, et les pays du Golfe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une Europe conqu\u00e9rante et unie dans la bataille des talents peut faire de l\u2019immigration qualifi\u00e9e un moteur de relance de son innovation, et compenser les flux d\u2019\u00e9migration des travailleurs scientifiques form\u00e9s sur son sol. Les entreprises innovantes \u00e0 fortes composantes technologiques, de l\u2019intelligence artificielle \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine en passant par la robotique, doivent pouvoir s\u2019appuyer sur une ressource renouvel\u00e9e de talents mondiaux. Les cons\u00e9quences positives de l\u2019immigration qualifi\u00e9e pour l\u2019innovation, dont semblent se d\u00e9tourner les \u00c9tats-Unis aujourd\u2019hui, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement document\u00e9es dans la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9conomique : les inventeurs immigr\u00e9s ont d\u00e9pos\u00e9 le quart des brevets aux \u00c9tats-Unis entre 1976 et 2012, et se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9s 40 % plus productifs que l\u2019inventeur am\u00e9ricain moyen. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce serait donc pour l\u2019UE une faute politique, mais aussi un co\u00fbt d\u2019opportunit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique consid\u00e9rable que de ne pas se saisir de ce moment in\u00e9dit. \u00c0 l\u2019heure de la concr\u00e9tisation d\u2019un plan de relance d\u2019une dimension historique, les chefs d\u2019\u00c9tats de l\u2019Union actent un d\u00e9sir de reconstruction solidaire, et d\u2019harmonisation \u00e9conomique et fiscale. Un visa et un cr\u00e9dit d’imp\u00f4t communs pour les talents technologiques et scientifiques viendraient concr\u00e9tiser cet effort. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 l\u2019heure de la concr\u00e9tisation d\u2019un plan de relance d\u2019une dimension historique, les chefs d\u2019\u00c9tats de l\u2019Union actent un d\u00e9sir de reconstruction solidaire, et d\u2019harmonisation \u00e9conomique et fiscale. Un visa et un cr\u00e9dit d’imp\u00f4t communs pour les talents technologiques et scientifiques viendraient concr\u00e9tiser cet effort.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":78718,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-angles.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"geo":[534],"class_list":["post-78688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","staff-antoine-levy","staff-victor-storchan","geo-bulles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUn visa pour le r\u00eave europ\u00e9en | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/07\/13\/un-visa-pour-le-reve-europeen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un visa pour le r\u00eave europ\u00e9en | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 l\u2019heure de la concr\u00e9tisation d\u2019un plan de relance d\u2019une dimension historique, les chefs d\u2019\u00c9tats de l\u2019Union actent un d\u00e9sir de reconstruction solidaire, et d\u2019harmonisation \u00e9conomique et fiscale. 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