{"id":70500,"date":"2020-04-30T12:02:45","date_gmt":"2020-04-30T10:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=70500"},"modified":"2020-04-30T12:02:47","modified_gmt":"2020-04-30T10:02:47","slug":"damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Damas-Benghazi face \u00e0 Ankara-Tripoli \u00e0 l\u2019aune de la crise du COVID-19"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Tripoli. <\/em>Tandis que le monde entier est paralys\u00e9 par les \u00e9v\u00e9nements inh\u00e9rents au COVID-19, la guerre civile libyenne ne b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie quant \u00e0 elle d\u2019aucun r\u00e9pit sanitaire, et ce en d\u00e9pit des sommations des Etats europ\u00e9ens, de la Ligue arabe et de l\u2019USNMIL&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-70500' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/unsmil-joins-international-partners-calling-humanitarian-pause-enable-responding-corona-virus-covid&quot;&gt;UNSMIL joins international partners in Calling for Humanitarian Pause to Enable Responding to Corona Virus Covid-19 Pandemic in Libya&lt;\/a&gt;, United Nations Support Mission in Libya, 17 mars 2020.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans la nouvelle bataille pour Tripoli, engag\u00e9e au d\u00e9but du mois d\u2019avril 2019, les troupes de l\u2019autoproclam\u00e9e Arm\u00e9e de Lib\u00e9ration Nationale (ALN) ont connu des revers cons\u00e9quents, perdant le contr\u00f4le de plusieurs villes de l\u2019ouest de Tripoli, notamment Surman, Sabratha, Al Ajaylat, Al-Jameel, Rikdalin et Zalata&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-70500' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.almasdarnews.com\/article\/turkish-backed-libyan-forces-score-massive-advance-in-northern-libya\/&quot;&gt;Turkish-backed Libyan forces score massive advance in northern Libya&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Al Masdar News&lt;\/em&gt;, 14 avril 2020.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Le Gouvernement d\u2019union nationale (GUN) se trouve \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent renforc\u00e9, s\u2019\u00e9tendant d\u00e9sormais sur toute la c\u00f4te libyenne \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de Tripoli jusques Ras Ajdir, pr\u00e8s de la fronti\u00e8re tunisienne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En effet, peu apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9claration du Centre national de contr\u00f4le des maladies libyen le 24 mars dernier&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-70500' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/time.com\/5809453\/libya-middle-east-coronavirus-covid19\/&quot;&gt;Libya Reports First Coronavirus Case as the Pandemic Sweeps,&lt;\/a&gt; Time, 24 mars 2020'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> annon\u00e7ant le premier cas d\u2019infection au COVID-19 sur le territoire libyen, des affrontements \u00e9taient enregistr\u00e9s dans les quartiers sud de Tripoli lors d\u2019une op\u00e9ration de l\u2019Arm\u00e9e nationale libyenne, notamment pr\u00e8s des prisons d\u2019Ain Zara et d\u2019Al-Baraka (appel\u00e9e \u00e9galement Al-Ruwaimi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/2eewg\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce faisant, la contre-offensive des forces arm\u00e9es du GUN fut en cons\u00e9quence prompte puisque les forces arm\u00e9es alli\u00e9es au GUN ont ourdi le 25 mars \u00e0 leur tour une offensive contre la base a\u00e9rienne d\u2019Al-Watiyah, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 150 Km de l\u2019ouest de la capitale et maintenue sous le joug de l\u2019ANL. La base a\u00e9rienne Al-Watiya est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l\u2019une des bases a\u00e9riennes les plus strat\u00e9giques du pays, derri\u00e8re l\u2019a\u00e9roport de Mitliga. Captur\u00e9e en ao\u00fbt 2014 par l\u2019ALN, Al-Watiya permet d\u2019assurer un appui logistique aux op\u00e9rations dans les zones contr\u00f4l\u00e9es par les groupes arm\u00e9es pro-ANL en Tripolitaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le 14 avril dernier, les forces de Tripoli ont repris trois villes hautement strat\u00e9giques \u00e0 l\u2019ALN, \u00e0 savoir Sabratha, Surman et al-Ajaylat. Or, pour le mar\u00e9chal Haftar, pays ruin\u00e9 vaut mieux que pays perdu. A la suite de la perte de ces territoires de l\u2019ouest libyen, plusieurs dizaines de roquettes se sont abattues en repr\u00e9sailles sur Tripoli&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-70500' title='Abdulkader Assad, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.libyaobserver.ly\/news\/three-civilians-killed-rocket-attacks-haftars-forces-tripoli&quot;&gt;Three civilians killed in rocket attacks by Haftar&amp;rsquo;s forces in Tripoli&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;The Libya Observer&lt;\/em&gt;, 16 avril 2020.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Ces revers de l\u2019ALN constituent n\u00e9anmoins des victoires notables et in\u00e9dites pour le GUN qui, depuis la prise de Syrte le 6 janvier dernier, a enregistr\u00e9 plusieurs semaines de progression. En effet, la d\u00e9cision strat\u00e9gique turque d\u2019intervenir militairement afin de soutenir le GUN en d\u00e9cembre 2019 a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cisive&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-70500' title='David D. Kirkpatrick, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/12\/10\/world\/middleeast\/turkey-libya-russia.html&quot;&gt;As Rivals Fight for Control of Libya, Erdogan Says Turkey May Jump In&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 10 d\u00e9cembre 2019.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, induisant une reconfiguration du conflit. La campagne d\u2019attaques aux drones initi\u00e9e en mars a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 cet effet lourde de cons\u00e9quences pour l\u2019armement de l\u2019ALN, d\u00e9truisant des dizaines de blind\u00e9s et causant la mort de plusieurs officiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour le mar\u00e9chal Haftar, la strat\u00e9gie diplomatico-militaire doit n\u00e9cessairement s\u2019appuyer sur la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre maxime les ennemis de mes ennemis sont mes amis. Par cons\u00e9quent, le r\u00e9cent rapprochement entre Damas et Abu Dhabi vraisemblablement soutenu par Moscou pourrait alimenter l\u2019escalade d\u2019ing\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res dans la bataille de Tripoli&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-70500' title='[1] Laurent Lagneau, &lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2020\/03\/03\/face-a-la-turquie-le-gouvernement-de-tobrouk-et-damas-scellent-leur-rapprochement\/&quot;&gt;Face \u00e0 la Turquie,Le gouvernement de Tobrouk et Damas scellent leur rapprochement&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;www.opex360.com&lt;\/em&gt;, 3 mars 2020.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. A son tour, le mar\u00e9chal Haftar a entrepris ces derni\u00e8res semaines un rapprochement avec le gouvernement syrien, notamment lors de sa visite secr\u00e8te le mois dernier \u00e0 Damas&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-70500' title='Mustafa Fetouri, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20200409-libyas-syria-connection-is-being-reactivated\/&quot;&gt;Libya\u2019s Syria connection is being reactivated&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Middle East Monitor&lt;\/em&gt;, 9 avril 2020.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9ponse politico-diplomatique \u00e0 l\u2019axe Ankara-Doha-Tripoli, ce nouvel axe Damas-Abu-Dhabi-Benghazi t\u00e9moigne de l\u2019imbrication progressive des conflits syrien et libyen. Afin de contrebalancer le soutien quantitatif et qualitatif d\u2019Ankara au GUN, Moscou et Damas ont convenu d\u2019un accord avec d\u2019anciennes troupes rebelles de la r\u00e9gion de Qunaitra. Soutenus financi\u00e8rement par la Russie, plusieurs centaines de combattants syriens seront envoy\u00e9s combattre le GUN et ses mercenaires syriens aupr\u00e8s du mar\u00e9chal Haftar&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-8-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-70500' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20200414-sources-russia-recruiting-youth-from-southern-syria-to-fight-in-libya\/&quot;&gt;Sources&amp;#160;: Russia recruiting youth from southern Syria to fight in Libya&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Middle East Monitor&lt;\/em&gt;, 14 avril 2020.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pourtant, tous ces r\u00e9cents \u00e9v\u00e9nements interviennent au lendemain d\u2019un accord entre le GUN et l\u2019ANL faisant suite aux appels des Etats europ\u00e9ens et de l\u2019UNSMIL \u00e0 une tr\u00eave humanitaire compte tenu de la progression du COVID-19 dans le pays&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-9-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-9-70500' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2020\/03\/1059942&quot;&gt;UN welcomes response by Libyan parties to calls for humanitarian pause&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;UN News&lt;\/em&gt;, 21 mars 2020.'><sup>9<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Alors que le chef de la Ligue arabe a enjoint les bellig\u00e9rants \u00e0 mettre en place un cessez-le-feu en Libye&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-10-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-10-70500' title='Sawsan Abou Hussein, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/aawsat.com\/english\/home\/article\/2217481\/arab-league-chief-urges-end-military-operations-tripoli&quot;&gt;Arab League Chief Urges End to Military Operations in Tripoli&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Asharq Al-Awsat&lt;\/em&gt;, 5 avril 2020.'><sup>10<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, en particulier \u00e0 Tripoli, o\u00f9 les diff\u00e9rents partis du conflit semblent faire fi des d\u00e9sid\u00e9ratas de la communaut\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne et semblent vouloir profiter de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politico-sanitaire afin de renverser le rapport de force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que le GUN et le gouvernement du Cyr\u00e9na\u00efque aient adopt\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie de mesures afin d\u2019endiguer la menace sanitaire&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-11-70500' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/#easy-footnote-bottom-11-70500' title='Sami Zaptia, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2020\/03\/27\/libya-continues-nationwide-anti-coronavirus-measures-as-its-first-case-remains-stable-in-the-shadow-of-war-and-an-oil-stoppage\/&quot;&gt;Libya continues nationwide anti Coronavirus measures as its first case remains stable \u2013 in the shadow of war and an oil stoppage&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Libya Herald&lt;\/em&gt;, 25 mars 2020.'><sup>11<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, la Libye constitue toujours un terreau fertile \u00e0 la propagation du virus. En effet, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique chronique, les carences en mati\u00e8re de coordination nationale, la poursuite des combats ainsi que les faibles moyens mat\u00e9riels et financiers de certaines villes du pays pourraient avoir des effets sensiblement n\u00e9gatifs sur les efforts humanitaires d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 engag\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/HrGdh\/81\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Impuissante comme \u00e0 son habitude, la Ligue arabe ne dispose pas d\u2019une marge de man\u0153uvre suffisante qui permettrait des prises de d\u00e9cisions concr\u00e8tes et effectives face non seulement \u00e0 la crise sanitaire, en particulier dans les pays en conflit, mais \u00e9galement aux ing\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res. Compte tenu de l\u2019\u00e9volution actuelle de la situation politique et sanitaire, la Libye fait face au risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 de ne pas \u00eatre en capacit\u00e9 de contenir la pand\u00e9mie sur son territoire, induisant des effets d\u00e9vastateurs \u00e0 la fois pour la population libyenne, sur le plan humanitaire, soci\u00e9tal et \u00e9conomique, mais aussi pour les pays frontaliers, \u00e0 l\u2019instar des voisins m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ens, arabes et africains. C\u2019est pourquoi une p\u00e9riode de calme durable assur\u00e9e par un cessez-le-feu d\u2019envergure nationale s\u2019av\u00e8re n\u00e9cessaire afin de permettre l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019une coop\u00e9ration effective entre les diff\u00e9rentes lignes de front.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A la suite du premier cas d\u2019infection au COVID-19 sur le territoire libyen, le Gouvernement d\u2019Union nationale et le gouvernement du Cyr\u00e9na\u00efque ont respectivement adopt\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie de mesures afin d\u2019endiguer la menace sanitaire. Cependant, les affrontements ont repris aux abords de Tripoli, et les r\u00e9cents rapprochements entre d\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9 Damas et Abu Dhabi, et d\u2019un autre entre Damas et Benghazi (vraisemblablement soutenue par Moscou) pourraient alimenter l\u2019escalade d\u2019ing\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res dans la bataille de Tripoli. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":29454,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1732,2210],"tags":[2281],"staff":[2372],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[543],"class_list":["post-70500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guerre","category-sante-publique","tag-coronavirus","staff-yanis-atig","geo-mediterranee"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Damas-Benghazi face \u00e0 Ankara-Tripoli \u00e0 l\u2019aune de la crise du COVID-19 | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Damas-Benghazi face \u00e0 Ankara-Tripoli \u00e0 l\u2019aune de la crise du COVID-19 | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A la suite du premier cas d\u2019infection au COVID-19 sur le territoire libyen, le Gouvernement d\u2019Union nationale et le gouvernement du Cyr\u00e9na\u00efque ont respectivement adopt\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie de mesures afin d\u2019endiguer la menace sanitaire. Cependant, les affrontements ont repris aux abords de Tripoli, et les r\u00e9cents rapprochements entre d\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9 Damas et Abu Dhabi, et d\u2019un autre entre Damas et Benghazi (vraisemblablement soutenue par Moscou) pourraient alimenter l\u2019escalade d\u2019ing\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res dans la bataille de Tripoli.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/04\/30\/damas-benghazi-face-a-ankara-tripoli-a-laune-de-la-crise-du-covid-19\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-04-30T10:02:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-04-30T10:02:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/Libye_V2-1-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1286\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1246\" 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