{"id":42469,"date":"2019-07-03T17:26:37","date_gmt":"2019-07-03T15:26:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=42469"},"modified":"2019-07-03T17:26:53","modified_gmt":"2019-07-03T15:26:53","slug":"qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/07\/03\/qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu Dongyu, nouveau patron de la FAO&#160;: quand la Chine agricole s\u2019installe \u00e0 l\u2019ONU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Rome.<\/em> Le 23 juin dernier, Qu Dongyu, vice-ministre de l\u2019Agriculture et des Affaires rurales en Chine (depuis 2015) a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu \u00e0 la t\u00eate de la FAO, institution majeure de l\u2019ONU, traitant de l\u2019agriculture, de l\u2019\u00e9levage, de la p\u00eache, de l\u2019aquaculture, de l\u2019alimentation et de la foresterie. C&rsquo;est la premi\u00e8re fois qu&rsquo;un repr\u00e9sentant de la RPC venant de Chine continentale et cadre du Parti dirige une organisation onusienne. Pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, la hongkongaise Margaret Chan a dirig\u00e9 l&rsquo;OMS au nom de la R\u00e9publique populaire de Chine pendant une d\u00e9cennie, et Meng Hongwei (aujourd&rsquo;hui  \u00ab&#160;convoqu\u00e9&#160;\u00bb en Chine et mis au secret, apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 accus\u00e9 de corruption)   a dirig\u00e9 Interpol qui ne rel\u00e8ve pas du syst\u00e8me onusien&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-42469' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/07\/03\/qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-42469' title='AFP, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/3015748\/qu-dongyu-becomes-first-chinese-national-head-un-food-and&quot;&gt;Qu Dongyu becomes first Chinese national to head UN food and agriculture agency&lt;\/a&gt;, South China Morning Post, 24 juin 2019.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Originaire du Hunan, ayant suivi des \u00e9tudes d\u2019agronomie et dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 d\u2019un doctorat aux Pays-Bas, Qu Dongyu est un pur produit de l\u2019\u00e9lite politique du Parti dans la lign\u00e9e des administrateurs-techniciens des questions agricoles et rurales en Chine. Il a ainsi occup\u00e9 plusieurs postes \u00e0 hautes responsabilit\u00e9s&#160;: directeur puis vice-pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des sciences agricoles de Chine, vice-pr\u00e9sident de la r\u00e9gion autonome du Ningxia&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-42469' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/07\/03\/qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-42469' title='&lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.chinavitae.com\/biography\/Qu_Dongyu&quot;&gt;Biography of Qu Dongyu&lt;\/a&gt;, China Vitae.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9lu avec 108 voix, \u00e0 la majorit\u00e9 absolue d\u00e8s le premier tour, Qu Dongyu remporte loin devant les autres favoris la direction de la FAO et fait figure de voix repr\u00e9sentant les pays en d\u00e9veloppement en devan\u00e7ant la candidate fran\u00e7aise Catherine Geslain-Lan\u00e9elle (ancienne responsable de l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des aliments) avec 71 voix et le candidat g\u00e9orgien Davit Kirvalidze (soutenu par les \u00c9tats-Unis) avec 12 voix. Le candidat chinois a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de nombreuses voix du continent africain&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-42469' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/07\/03\/qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-42469' title='&lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.fao.org\/news\/story\/en\/item\/1199116\/icode\/&quot;&gt;Qu Dongyu of China elected FAO Director-General&lt;\/a&gt;, FAO, 23 juin 2019.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. La question de l\u2019influence notable de P\u00e9kin dans le choix du candidat et de pressions, en plus d\u2019un r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage de la domination de l\u2019Occident \u00e0 l\u2019ONU se pose. De plus, P\u00e9kin finance \u00e0 plus de 12&#160;% le budget de la FAO, derri\u00e8re les \u00c9tats-Unis (22&#160;%). Cette \u00e9lection est un signal tr\u00e8s fort du rapport de force entre les deux poids lourds de la g\u00e9opolitique mondiale des questions alimentaires et agricoles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Perspectives&#160;:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Qu succ\u00e8de au br\u00e9silien, Jos\u00e9 Graziano da Silva (ayant conduit deux mandats) et entamera son mandat de quatre ans au mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt. Fort d\u2019une exp\u00e9rience dans l\u2019agriculture et la gouvernance rurale, Qu Dongyu aura la difficile t\u00e2che \u00e0 mener de lutte contre l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et la pr\u00e9carisation des populations rurales.<\/li><li>Ce sera l\u2019occasion pour P\u00e9kin de montrer l\u2019\u00e9tendue de ses modernisations rurales et agricoles \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble des pays en d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e9tendre son aura dans les institutions internationales et la gouvernance mondiale&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-42469' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/07\/03\/qu-dongyu-nouveau-patron-de-la-fao-quand-la-chine-agricole-sinstalle-a-lonu\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-42469' title='MEYER Claude, \u201cL\u2019Occident face \u00e0 la renaissance de la Chine, d\u00e9fis \u00e9conomiques, g\u00e9opolitiques et culturels\u201d, Odile Jacob, 2018.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, en faisant se rencontrer&#160;: politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re de P\u00e9kin, question de d\u00e9veloppement et affaires strat\u00e9giques (acc\u00e8s aux ressources, poids dans les organisations internationales et influence).<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apr\u00e8s plusieurs ann\u00e9es de diplomatie proactive \u00e0 la FAO (L\u2019Organisation pour l\u2019Agriculture et l\u2019Alimentation), P\u00e9kin propulse son vice-ministre de l\u2019Agriculture \u00e0 la direction g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019institution onusienne alors que l\u2019image de la Chine perd en qualit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"geo":[531],"class_list":["post-42469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","staff-emmanuel-veron","geo-chine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu Dongyu, nouveau patron de la FAO : quand la Chine agricole s\u2019installe \u00e0 l\u2019ONU | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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