{"id":362885,"date":"2026-10-05T18:36:23","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T16:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=362885"},"modified":"2026-10-05T21:17:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T19:17:30","slug":"la-france-et-lallemagne-veulent-donner-a-lunion-le-pouvoir-de-fermer-son-marche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/10\/05\/la-france-et-lallemagne-veulent-donner-a-lunion-le-pouvoir-de-fermer-son-marche\/","title":{"rendered":"La France et l\u2019Allemagne veulent donner \u00e0 l\u2019Union le pouvoir de fermer son march\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, le 5 octobre, le pr\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais et le chancelier allemand ont adress\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidente de la Commission une <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/Franco-German-Letter-on-Strengthening-European-resilience-addressing-global-macroeconomic-imbalances-and-market-distorting-practices-5-October-2026.pdf\">lettre d&rsquo;une page<\/a> accompagn\u00e9e d&rsquo;un <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/Franco-German-Non-paper-on-Strengthening-European-resilience-addressing-global-macroeconomic-imbalances-and-market-distorting-practices-5-October-2026.pdf\">non-paper<\/a> franco-allemand de trois pages.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file aligncenter\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/Lettre-et-non-paper-adresses-par-la-France-et-lAllemagne-a-la-Commission.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"PDF embarqu\u00e9\"><\/object><a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/Lettre-et-non-paper-adresses-par-la-France-et-lAllemagne-a-la-Commission.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ce format, qui n&rsquo;engage formellement personne, est l&rsquo;instrument habituel par lequel les deux capitales contribuent \u00e0 fixer l&rsquo;ordre du jour de la Commission.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il prolonge les discussions du Conseil europ\u00e9en des 18 et 19 juin, ainsi que celles du Conseil des ministres franco-allemand du 17 juillet, en vue du Conseil europ\u00e9en d&rsquo;octobre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces deux documents apportent plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments nouveaux, alors que Paris et Berlin d\u00e9crivent un \u00ab&#160;choc industriel massif&#160;\u00bb qui frappe des secteurs au c\u0153ur du mod\u00e8le europ\u00e9en, de la pharmacie \u00e0 l&rsquo;automobile, en passant par l&rsquo;a\u00e9rospatiale, la machine-outil et la chimie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Paris et Berlin demandent la mise en place d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme de r\u00e9ponse syst\u00e9mique visant \u00e0 r\u00e9glementer l\u2019acc\u00e8s au march\u00e9 unique et \u00e0 envisager un \u00ab&#160;blocage imm\u00e9diat&#160;\u00bb \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de tout pays tiers qui tenterait d\u2019entraver le r\u00e9tablissement de conditions de concurrence \u00e9quitables. Explicitement \u00ab&#160;<em>country agnostic<\/em>&#160;\u00bb, ce m\u00e9canisme viserait \u00e0 lutter contre toute forme de distorsion, \u00ab&#160;d\u2019un produit isol\u00e9 \u00e0 un secteur entier, des subventions \u00e0 la manipulation des devises&#160;\u00bb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Son activation ne d\u00e9pendrait pas d&rsquo;un vote favorable des \u00c9tats membres, mais d&rsquo;une majorit\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9e invers\u00e9e. La proposition de la Commission serait adopt\u00e9e \u00e0 moins qu&rsquo;une majorit\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9e ne s&rsquo;y oppose pour que l&rsquo;inertie joue en faveur de l&rsquo;action, plut\u00f4t que contre celle-ci.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sans attendre la mise en place de ce nouvel outil, les deux capitales appellent \u00e0 une utilisation bien plus proactive des moyens existants. Elles souhaitent que la Commission lance davantage d\u2019enqu\u00eates de sa propre initiative, afin de veiller \u00e0 ce que les \u00c9tats membres ayant d\u00e9pos\u00e9 une plainte ne soient pas les seuls \u00e0 subir le poids des repr\u00e9sailles, qu\u2019elle examine des secteurs entiers plut\u00f4t que des \u00ab&#160;cat\u00e9gories de produits restreintes&#160;\u00bb et enfin qu\u2019elle d\u00e9roge \u00e0 la r\u00e8gle de la norme juridique la plus faible lorsque les int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019Union le justifient.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le texte pr\u00e9voit \u00e9galement que les niveaux sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de non-conformit\u00e9 aux normes europ\u00e9ennes, notamment en raison des \u00ab&#160;flux massifs de petits colis&#160;\u00bb, entra\u00eenent des restrictions d\u2019acc\u00e8s au march\u00e9 unique. Une \u00ab&#160;loi sur l\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration industrielle&#160;\u00bb et une \u00ab&#160;pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence europ\u00e9enne&#160;\u00bb cibl\u00e9e dans les secteurs strat\u00e9giques devraient \u00eatre adopt\u00e9es d\u2019ici fin 2026.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paris et Berlin appellent enfin l&rsquo;Eurogroupe, la BCE et la Commission \u00e0 reprendre le dialogue avec les \u00ab&#160;autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes&#160;\u00bb sur <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/15\/g7-devian-fait-apparaitre-langle-mort-de-leconomie-mondiale\/\">les taux de change<\/a>, un dialogue qui est au point mort depuis des ann\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Aucun des deux textes ne nomme explicitement la Chine, mais le diagnostic d\u00e9signe implicitement son \u00e9conomie en parlant de \u00ab&#160;surcapacit\u00e9s structurelles \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle mondiale&#160;\u00bb, de \u00ab&#160;subventions excessives et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es&#160;\u00bb, de \u00ab&#160;manipulation mon\u00e9taire&#160;\u00bb, ou \u00ab&#160;flux massifs de petits colis&#160;\u00bb non conformes aux normes europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/10\/05\/pascal-lamy-la-chine-est-en-train-de-tuer-le-commerce-mondial-ouvert\/\">Comme le fait remarquer Pascal Lamy<\/a>, l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne a enregistr\u00e9 en 2025 un d\u00e9ficit commercial d&rsquo;un milliard d&rsquo;euros par jour avec la Chine. Les entreprises chinoises re\u00e7oivent trois \u00e0 huit fois plus de soutien public que leurs concurrentes des pays de l&rsquo;OCDE. \u00c0 cela s&rsquo;ajoute un yuan sous-\u00e9valu\u00e9 de 16 \u00e0 30&#160;%, ainsi qu&rsquo;une demande int\u00e9rieure atrophi\u00e9e, la consommation priv\u00e9e ne repr\u00e9sentant que 40&#160;% du PIB chinois, contre 53&#160;% dans l&rsquo;Union et 68&#160;% aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/aULps\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le 8 octobre, le commissaire europ\u00e9en au Commerce et \u00e0 la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique, Maro\u0161 \u0160ef\u010dovi\u010d, copr\u00e9sidera le groupe de travail \u00ab&#160;Commerce et Investissement&#160;\u00bb \u00e0 P\u00e9kin avec son homologue Wang Wentao. Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 esp\u00e9rer revenir avec une \u00ab&#160;preuve de concept&#160;\u00bb abordant trois sujets&#160;: les hausses soudaines des exportations chinoises dans des secteurs industriels clefs, des moyens concrets d\u2019accro\u00eetre les exportations de produits europ\u00e9ens vers la Chine, et une vision claire \u00e0 long terme concernant les restrictions chinoises \u00e0 l\u2019exportation de mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, en particulier les terres rares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La Commission a averti qu\u2019en l\u2019absence de \u00ab&#160;r\u00e9sultats tangibles&#160;\u00bb, elle mettrait en \u0153uvre ses instruments de d\u00e9fense commerciale.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les discussions qui auront lieu \u00e0 P\u00e9kin cette semaine seront pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es au Conseil europ\u00e9en qui se r\u00e9unira les 15 et 16 octobre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voil\u00e0 pourquoi ce serait une petite r\u00e9volution<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":362907,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"_lgc_tts_voice":"","_lgc_tts_publish":false,"_lgc_tts_history_item_id":"","_lgc_tts_generated_at":"","_lgc_tts_status":"","_lgc_tts_error":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-362885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":"default","_thumbnail_id":362907,"excerpt":"Voil\u00e0 pourquoi ce serait une petite r\u00e9volution","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 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