{"id":35268,"date":"2019-05-18T15:49:19","date_gmt":"2019-05-18T13:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=35268"},"modified":"2019-05-19T11:32:07","modified_gmt":"2019-05-19T09:32:07","slug":"pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/","title":{"rendered":"Pour sauver l\u2019\u00e9conomie iranienne, Zarif va \u00e0 New Delhi, \u00e0 Tokyo et \u00e0 P\u00e9kin, plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 Bruxelles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>T\u00e9h\u00e9ran. <\/em>Alors que la crise entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l\u2019Iran, dont le d\u00e9but peut \u00eatre dat\u00e9 soit \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation des Gardiens de la r\u00e9volution comme entit\u00e9 terroriste, le 8 avril, soit \u00e0 la sortie unilat\u00e9rale du JCPOA le 8 mai 2018, soit \u00e0  l\u2019\u00e9lection de Donald Trump, ne cesse de s\u2019intensifier, malgr\u00e9 l\u2019affirmation, de la part du pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain ainsi que du Guide iranien, qu\u2019il n\u2019y aurait pas de guerre, Mohammed Javad Zarif a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u2019entamer une tourn\u00e9e asiatique pour essayer de trouver du soutien, \u00e9conomique, politique, et symbolique, aupr\u00e8s des grandes puissances de la r\u00e9gion, dans un geste qui rappelle la doctrine g\u00e9opolitique du \u00ab&#160;regard vers l\u2019Est&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-35268' title='ONFRAY Maxime,&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2018\/08\/19\/liran-regarde-vers-lest\/&quot;&gt; L\u2019Iran regarde vers l\u2019est,&lt;\/a&gt; Le Grand Continent, 19 aout 2018'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape du tour de Javad Zarif l&rsquo;a amen\u00e9 \u00e0 New Delhi, o\u00f9 il a rencontr\u00e9 le 15 mai son homologue indien Sushma Swaraj, alors que l\u2019Inde, second importateur de p\u00e9trole iranien apr\u00e8s la Chine, a coup\u00e9 court \u00e0 toute importation avec la lev\u00e9e des exemptions am\u00e9ricaines le 2 mai. New Delhi, qui trouvait par le pass\u00e9 que T\u00e9h\u00e9ran \u00e9tait un interlocuteur assez difficile, pourrait profiter de la situation de faiblesse iranienne pour avancer des pions sur le port de Chabahar, l\u2019acc\u00e8s via le territoire iranien \u00e0 l\u2019Afghanistan et \u00e0 l\u2019Asie centrale et l\u2019International North-South Transport Corridor, cens\u00e9 relier \u00e0 terme Bombay \u00e0 la Russie&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-35268' title='PANT Harsh V., &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2019\/05\/tehran-comes-calling-indias-iran-dilemma-grows-acute\/&quot;&gt;Tehran Comes Calling&amp;#160;: India\u2019s Iran Dilemma Grows Acute, The Diplomat&lt;\/a&gt;, 16 mai 2019.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Cependant, si Zarif a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 la visite comme \u00ab&#160;excellente&#160;\u00bb, New Delhi a \u00e9galement de tr\u00e8s forts liens avec les \u00c9tats-Unis (1er march\u00e9, 15&#160;% des exportations, 2e importateur, 5&#160;%) avec les \u00c9mirats Arabes Unis (2e march\u00e9, 10&#160;% des exportations&#160;; 3e importateur, 5&#160;%) et l\u2019Arabie saoudite (4e importateur, 5&#160;%)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-35268' title='World Integrated Trade Solution, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/wits.worldbank.org\/CountrySnapshot\/en\/IND&quot;&gt;India Trade at a Glance&amp;#160;: Most Recent Values&lt;\/a&gt;.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Javad Zarif s\u2019est ensuite rendu le 16 mai au Japon pour rencontrer rapidement Shinzo Abe, puis son homologue Taro Kono. Cependant, la r\u00e9action diplomatique nippone s\u2019est limit\u00e9e \u00e0 des paroles diplomatiques de circonstances, exprimant des \u00ab&#160;inqui\u00e9tudes&#160;\u00bb face aux tensions au Moyen-Orient et garantissant de faire \u00ab&#160;tous leurs efforts&#160;\u00bb pour les apaiser, tandis que le Japon a \u00e9galement cess\u00e9 d\u2019importer du p\u00e9trole iranien&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-35268' title='&lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.uniindia.com\/japan-pm-meets-iran-s-zarif-voices-hope-for-continued-implementation-of-jcpoa\/world\/news\/1599356.html&quot;&gt;Japan PM meets Iran&amp;rsquo;s Zarif, voices hope for continued implementation of JCPOA&lt;\/a&gt;, United News of India, 16 mai 2019.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enfin, la derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape du voyage fut probablement la plus victorieuse, puisqu\u2019au moment o\u00f9 Zarif atterrissait \u00e0 P\u00e9kin, la Chine a annonc\u00e9 que le oil tanker <em>Pacific Bravo <\/em>venait de quitter l\u2019Iran o\u00f9 il avait charg\u00e9 deux millions de barils, depuis les terminaux Soroosh et Kharg. Le p\u00e9trolier est poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par la Banque de Kunlun, une institution financi\u00e8re du g\u00e9ant CNPC, propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat chinois. Il s\u2019agit du premier p\u00e9trolier important \u00e0 transporter du p\u00e9trole iranien depuis la lev\u00e9e des derni\u00e8res exemptions et, surtout, il s\u2019agit du premier geste concret fait par la Chine contre les \u00c9tats-Unis et pour l\u2019Iran, alors que la RPC avait jusque-l\u00e0 consid\u00e9rablement r\u00e9duit ses \u00e9changes commerciaux avec l\u2019Iran&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-35268' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bourseandbazaar.com\/articles\/2019\/5\/17\/china-restarts-purchases-of-iranian-oil-bucking-trumps-sanctions&quot;&gt;China Restarts Purchases of Iranian Oil, Bucking Trump\u2019s Sanctions&lt;\/a&gt;, Bourse &amp;amp; Bazaar, 17 mai 2019.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Selon certains analystes, la r\u00e9action chinoise aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 provoqu\u00e9e par des menaces de sanctions contre les activit\u00e9s m\u00e9tallurgiques chinoises en Iran, qui lient la guerre commerciale entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine avec la crise actuelle avec l\u2019Iran&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-35268' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-35268' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/6bedb88e-7559-11e9-b0ec-7dff87b9a4a2&quot;&gt;Iran&amp;rsquo;s metals trade funds weapon development&lt;\/a&gt;, Financial Times, 13 mai 2019.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le bilan mitig\u00e9 du tour asiatique de Zarif se trouve fortement renforc\u00e9 par cette petite victoire symbolique, qui pourrait \u00eatre un simple signe envoy\u00e9 aux \u00c9tats-Unis par la Chine, ou bien la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape d\u2019un changement d\u2019attitude et, potentiellement, de sortie de crise. Il semblerait que l\u2019action chinoise, si elle faisait l\u2019objet d\u2019une attaque par le Tr\u00e9sor am\u00e9ricain, pourrait \u00eatre l\u2019occasion pour les europ\u00e9ens de sortir de l\u2019attitude passive qu\u2019ils ont observ\u00e9e jusqu\u2019ici. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image wp-block-image-large\"\n    data-shadow=\"false\"\n    data-use-original-file=\"false\">\n    <a\n        data-pswp-src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien.png\"\n        class=\"inline-block gallery-item no-underline \"\n        data-pswp-width=\"1199\"\n        data-pswp-height=\"848\">\n                                        <picture>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien-330x233.png\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width: 374px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien-690x488.png\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width: 989px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien.png\"\r\n                media=\"(min-width: 990px)\" \/>\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien-125x88.png\" \/>\r\n        <\/picture>\r\n                            \n                    <figcaption class=\"pswp-caption-content \">GEG | Cartographie pour Le Grand Continent<\/figcaption>\n            <\/a>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Perspectives&#160;:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Toute importation de p\u00e9trole iranien dans les jours et semaines \u00e0 venir sera un indicateur de la position que va prendre la Chine.<\/li><li>L\u2019\u00e9volution de la guerre commerciale entre la Chine et les \u00c9tats-Unis sera d\u00e9terminante. <\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La tourn\u00e9e asiatique du ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res iranien Mohammed Javad Zarif afin de rencontrer les dirigeants indien, japonais et chinois r\u00e9v\u00e8le une nouvelle option strat\u00e9gique iranienne qui, face \u00e0 l\u2019inaction europ\u00e9enne dans la crise actuelle, repose sur les partenaires asiatiques et les nouvelles puissances pour garantir la survie \u00e9conomique de l\u2019Iran. Si l\u2019Inde et le Japon se sont montr\u00e9s prudents, la Chine a recommenc\u00e9 \u00e0 importer du p\u00e9trole iranien, en d\u00e9pit de l\u2019embargo am\u00e9ricain. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"staff":[1557],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[530,531],"class_list":["post-35268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","staff-pierre-ramond","geo-asie-intermediaire","geo-chine"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pour sauver l\u2019\u00e9conomie iranienne, Zarif va \u00e0 New Delhi, \u00e0 Tokyo et \u00e0 P\u00e9kin, plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 Bruxelles | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pour sauver l\u2019\u00e9conomie iranienne, Zarif va \u00e0 New Delhi, \u00e0 Tokyo et \u00e0 P\u00e9kin, plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 Bruxelles | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La tourn\u00e9e asiatique du ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res iranien Mohammed Javad Zarif afin de rencontrer les dirigeants indien, japonais et chinois r\u00e9v\u00e8le une nouvelle option strat\u00e9gique iranienne qui, face \u00e0 l\u2019inaction europ\u00e9enne dans la crise actuelle, repose sur les partenaires asiatiques et les nouvelles puissances pour garantir la survie \u00e9conomique de l\u2019Iran. Si l\u2019Inde et le Japon se sont montr\u00e9s prudents, la Chine a recommenc\u00e9 \u00e0 importer du p\u00e9trole iranien, en d\u00e9pit de l\u2019embargo am\u00e9ricain.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/05\/18\/pour-sauver-leconomie-iranienne-zarif-va-a-new-delhi-a-tokyo-et-a-pekin-plutot-qua-bruxelles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-05-18T13:49:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-05-19T09:32:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/05\/Pe\u0301trole-iranien.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1199\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"848\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Giovanni Collot\" \/>\n<meta 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