{"id":340883,"date":"2026-06-16T15:56:06","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T13:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=340883"},"modified":"2026-06-16T15:56:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T13:56:09","slug":"les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/16\/les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande\/","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00c9mirats arabes unis sont devenus une plaque tournante pour l\u2019or africain de contrebande"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La R\u00e9publique centrafricaine est l\u2019un des pays les plus pauvres au monde&#160;: la majeure partie de ses habitants vit avec moins de 3 dollars par jour, et le PIB par habitant s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 1 100 dollars, soit moins qu\u2019en Ha\u00efti (2 800) ou au Soudan (1 900).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le pays dispose pourtant d\u2019importantes richesses naturelles, notamment de l\u2019or et des diamants, mais aussi du bois et des minerais strat\u00e9giques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depuis 2013 et la mise en \u0153uvre du Processus de Kimberley, l\u2019or a d\u00e9pass\u00e9 les diamants en tant que principale source de recettes d\u2019exportation de la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, et repr\u00e9sentait en 2023 environ 50&#160;%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/NQMPs\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La majeure partie de la production centrafricaine d\u2019or est artisanale, comme dans la plupart des pays africains (41 pays ont une production artisanale sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 100 kilos par an)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-340883' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/16\/les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-340883' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/swissaid.kinsta.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/swissaid-on-the-trail-of-african-gold-web-ok.pdf&quot;&gt;On the Trail of African Gold. Quantifying production and trade to combat illicit flows&lt;\/a&gt;, Swissaid, 2024.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Avant 2021 et la prise de contr\u00f4le territoriale des principales zones mini\u00e8res du pays par des groupes soutenus par la Russie notamment, les mines \u00e9taient principalement op\u00e9r\u00e9es par des groupes arm\u00e9s locaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis, Wagner s\u2019est impos\u00e9 comme l\u2019un des principaux acteurs de la contrebande d\u2019or, captant plusieurs dizaines de millions de dollars par an.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wagner est impliqu\u00e9 dans le march\u00e9 ill\u00e9gal de l\u2019or dans au moins trois pays africains&#160;: la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, le Soudan et le Mali. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du continent, au moins 12 pays sont particuli\u00e8rement affect\u00e9s par la contrebande d\u2019or.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Une partie consid\u00e9rable de l\u2019or extrait par le groupe sur le continent africain est blanchie par l&rsquo;interm\u00e9diaire d&rsquo;exportateurs li\u00e9s aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/HsCfe\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le pays, et notamment sa plus grande ville, Duba\u00ef, h\u00e9berge des r\u00e9seaux commerciaux et des entit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 Wagner qui facilitent la commercialisation de l\u2019or \u00e0 l\u2019international&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-340883' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/16\/les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-340883' title='Nathalia Dukhan et Ruben De Koning, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/globalinitiative.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Nathalia-Dukhan-and-Ruben-De-Koning-Malicious-markets-Mapping-the-violent-ecosystem-in-the-Central-African-Republic-GI-TOC-June-2026-1.pdf&quot;&gt;Malicious markets. Mapping the violent ecosystem in the Central African Republic&lt;\/a&gt;, Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime, 10 juin 2026.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Parmi ces structures figurent Sigma Gold CAR, une entreprise d\u2019exportation plac\u00e9e en 2023 sous le contr\u00f4le conjoint de Sigma Mining, bas\u00e9e aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis, et de l\u2019\u00c9tat centrafricain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, Sigma Gold CAR est devenu le premier exportateur d\u2019or du pays, avec 850 kilogrammes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante, l\u2019entreprise est devenue une filiale de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 International Holding Company, bas\u00e9e aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis, qui est l\u2019un des plus grands conglom\u00e9rats d\u2019investissement du Moyen-Orient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Les fonds provenant du commerce illicite d\u2019or alimentent les conflits, financent les r\u00e9seaux criminels et terroristes. Pour Wagner, les profits g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s permettent \u00e9galement au Kremlin de renforcer sa strat\u00e9gie d\u2019influence en Afrique via des r\u00e9seaux d\u2019interm\u00e9diaires, qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient aussi aux \u00e9lites russes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les \u00c9mirats arabes unis rejettent toute implication dans ce trafic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019\u00e9cart consid\u00e9rable entre les chiffres d\u2019importation d\u2019or aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis et les chiffres d\u2019exportation des pays africains sugg\u00e8rent toutefois une activit\u00e9 de contrebande.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon les donn\u00e9es douani\u00e8res des Nations unies et des \u00c9mirats arabes unis, en 2022, plus de 600 tonnes avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 import\u00e9es par le pays, alors que les exportateurs africains n\u2019en recensaient que 200.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Or, selon Swissaid, la grande majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9clarations douani\u00e8res \u00e9miraties sont v\u00e9ridiques, notamment car il n\u2019existe aucune taxe ou restriction sp\u00e9cifique sur l\u2019importation d\u2019or dans le pays \u2013 les importateurs n&rsquo;ont donc aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 d\u00e9clarer une fausse origine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/hjl0U\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Outre l&rsquo;or centrafricain, les \u00c9mirats arabes unis sont \u00e9galement devenus, ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, une plaque tournante pour l&rsquo;or soudanais. Ce dernier transite notamment par l&rsquo;interm\u00e9diaire des Forces de soutien rapide (FSR) vers Duba\u00ef, en \u00e9change d&rsquo;armes. En 2024, seulement la moiti\u00e9 de la production du pays (31 tonnes sur 64) a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement d\u00e9clar\u00e9e export\u00e9e, tandis que le reste aurait quitt\u00e9 le pays via des r\u00e9seaux parall\u00e8les&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-340883' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/16\/les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-340883' title='Mawadda Iskandar, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/thecradle.co\/articles\/empire-of-gold-the-uaes-expanding-grip-on-africas-mineral-wealth&quot;&gt;Empire of gold&amp;#160;: The UAE\u2019s expanding grip on Africa\u2019s mineral wealth&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Cradle&lt;\/em&gt;, 21 novembre 2025.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La quasi-totalit\u00e9 des exportations d&rsquo;or centrafricaines depuis 2023 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 destin\u00e9es aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":340882,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[522],"class_list":["post-340883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-afriques-subsahariennes"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":"default","_thumbnail_id":340882,"excerpt":"La quasi-totalit\u00e9 des exportations d'or centrafricaines depuis 2023 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 destin\u00e9es aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Les \u00c9mirats arabes unis sont devenus une plaque tournante pour l\u2019or africain de contrebande<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/06\/16\/les-emirats-arabes-unis-sont-devenus-une-plaque-tournante-pour-lor-africain-de-contrebande\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les \u00c9mirats arabes unis sont devenus une plaque tournante pour l\u2019or africain de contrebande\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La quasi-totalit\u00e9 des exportations d&#039;or centrafricaines depuis 2023 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 destin\u00e9es aux 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