{"id":330046,"date":"2026-04-27T18:27:53","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T16:27:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=330046"},"modified":"2026-04-27T18:27:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T16:27:56","slug":"economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9conomie russe&#160;: faute de main-d\u2019oeuvre suffisante, le Kremlin incite les retrait\u00e9s \u00e0 continuer de travailler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>On estime qu\u2019entre le lancement de l\u2019invasion de l\u2019Ukraine en f\u00e9vrier 2022 et la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2024, environ 2&#160;% de la population active russe a \u00e9t\u00e9 mobilis\u00e9e sur le front ou bien a quitt\u00e9 le pays. Selon la gouverneure de la Banque centrale, Elvira Nabioullina, la Russie se trouve d\u00e9sormais confront\u00e9e \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re p\u00e9nurie de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre de son histoire r\u00e9cente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En raison des sanctions, les entreprises russes n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 en mesure de compenser cette perte par une hausse de la productivit\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019augmentation par le Kremlin et les gouvernements r\u00e9gionaux des primes de signature incite quant \u00e0 elle les jeunes \u00e0 s\u2019engager dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e, et non pas \u00e0 travailler dans l\u2019industrie, les services ou la construction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En cons\u00e9quence, les entreprises se tournent de plus en plus vers les retrait\u00e9s&#160;: en 2024, les employeurs ont embauch\u00e9 deux fois plus de personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es que l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, ce qui contribue \u00e9galement \u00e0 une hausse de l\u2019offre&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-330046' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-330046' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/education\/22\/10\/2025\/68f78c169a79470ffdbfde7e&quot;&gt;\u0421\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0435 50 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;RBC&lt;\/em&gt;, 20 avril 2026.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/nHlp0\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon l\u2019OCDE, dans l\u2019Union, les syst\u00e8mes de retraite obligatoires (publics et priv\u00e9s) assurent aux retrait\u00e9s environ 68&#160;% de leur salaire net. Ce chiffre va jusqu\u2019\u00e0 99&#160;% au Portugal, 93&#160;% aux Pays-Bas et 90&#160;% en Gr\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En Russie, les retrait\u00e9s ne per\u00e7oivent en moyenne que l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de 37&#160;% de leur salaire net lorsqu\u2019ils cessent de travailler&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-330046' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-330046' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.kommersant.ru\/doc\/8516148&quot;&gt;\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0438&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Kommersant&lt;\/em&gt;, 20 mars 2026.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00e9but 2026, 18&#160;% des 40,5 millions de retrait\u00e9s que compte le pays \u00e9taient toujours actifs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Wf7Lk\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le syst\u00e8me de retraite russe incite les travailleurs \u00e0 prolonger leur activit\u00e9 apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e2ge l\u00e9gal en appliquant un coefficient majorant \u00e0 la pension. Plus le d\u00e9part est diff\u00e9r\u00e9, plus ce coefficient augmente&#160;: apr\u00e8s 9 ann\u00e9es de travail suppl\u00e9mentaire apr\u00e8s avoir atteint l\u2019\u00e2ge requis pour partir \u00e0 la retraite, un travailleur peut potentiellement voir le montant de sa pension plus que doubler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depuis cette ann\u00e9e, suite \u00e0 une loi promulgu\u00e9e par Poutine en 2024, les pensions des retrait\u00e9s actifs sont de nouveau index\u00e9es chaque ann\u00e9e. Apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 gel\u00e9es depuis 2016, elles sont ainsi de nouveau revaloris\u00e9es en fonction de l\u2019inflation&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-330046' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-330046' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/quote\/news\/article\/6645f03f9a7947eb8d15e009&quot;&gt;\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430&amp;#160;: \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;RBC&lt;\/em&gt;, 19 janvier 2026.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette mesure vise \u00e0 rendre plus avantageux le fait de continuer \u00e0 travailler apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e2ge de la retraite, et ainsi \u00e0 inciter les retrait\u00e9s \u00e0 conserver une activit\u00e9 apr\u00e8s 59 ans pour les femmes et 64 ans pour les hommes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ZNHDK\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Une p\u00e9nurie durable de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre pourrait faire de la \u00ab&#160;retraite active&#160;\u00bb le mod\u00e8le dominant en Russie d\u2019ici quelques ann\u00e9es&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-330046' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-330046' title='\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.gazeta.ru\/business\/news\/2026\/04\/07\/28211935.shtml&quot;&gt;\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Gazeta&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 avril 2026.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Si celui-ci peut procurer des revenus plus importants, ce syst\u00e8me favorise les personnes qui disposent d\u2019un niveau d\u2019\u00e9tude plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 et qui habitent en milieu urbain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Une enqu\u00eate r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par Rosstat montre que les trois-quarts (76&#160;%) des retrait\u00e9s qui n\u2019ont pas termin\u00e9 leur enseignement secondaire sont dans l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 de travailler pour des raisons de sant\u00e9, d&rsquo;\u00e2ge ou de situation familiale&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-330046' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-330046' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/tochno.st\/materials\/ne-mogut-rabotat-iz-za-zdorovia-ili-semeinyx-obiazannostei&quot;&gt;\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 60&amp;#160;% \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c&lt;\/em&gt;, 23 avril 2026.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En moyenne, un retrait\u00e9 sans activit\u00e9 professionnelle touche moins de 28 000 roubles par mois en Russie, soit l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de 320 euros.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour compenser la perte de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre provoqu\u00e9e par la guerre en Ukraine, le gouvernement russe souhaite rendre plus attractive la poursuite d&rsquo;une activit\u00e9 professionnelle apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e2ge de la retraite.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":330049,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4850],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[550],"class_list":["post-330046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","editorial_format-briefings","geo-russie"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":"default"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00c9conomie russe : le Kremlin incite les retrait\u00e9s \u00e0 travailler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/economie-russe-faute-de-main-doeuvre-suffisante-le-kremlin-incite-les-retraites-a-continuer-de-travailler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c9conomie russe : le Kremlin incite les retrait\u00e9s \u00e0 travailler\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pour compenser la perte de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre provoqu\u00e9e par la guerre en Ukraine, le gouvernement russe souhaite rendre plus attractive la poursuite d&#039;une activit\u00e9 professionnelle apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e2ge de la retraite.\" \/>\n<meta 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