{"id":330004,"date":"2026-04-27T13:23:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T11:23:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=330004"},"modified":"2026-04-27T13:23:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T11:23:19","slug":"la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/","title":{"rendered":"La guerre en Iran pourrait r\u00e9organiser durablement les flux p\u00e9troliers en faveur des \u00c9tats-Unis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Depuis le 28 f\u00e9vrier, les exportations am\u00e9ricaines de p\u00e9trole brut et de produits p\u00e9troliers ont bondi de 17&#160;%. Elles atteignent aujourd\u2019hui pr\u00e8s de 13 millions de barils par jour, selon les chiffres du d\u00e9partement de l\u2019\u00c9nergie, soit un volume sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui de n&rsquo;importe quel autre pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les exportations am\u00e9ricaines ne cessent de cro\u00eetre depuis 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/observatoire-de-la-bataille-dormuz\/\">blocus par l\u2019Iran du d\u00e9troit d\u2019Ormuz<\/a> contribue \u00e0 acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer cette tendance, en supprimant l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de 20 millions de barils par jour du march\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les raffineries du Golfe \u00e9tant \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat, les pays importateurs \u2013 en Asie notamment, mais aussi en Europe \u2013 se tournent davantage vers les \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/A6JWf\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les producteurs am\u00e9ricains <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/13\/contrairement-a-ce-que-donald-trump-affirme-les-etats-unis-ne-sont-pas-en-mesure-de-remplacer-le-petrole-transitant-par-le-detroit-dormuz\/\">ne sont toutefois pas en mesure<\/a> de compenser \u00e0 eux seuls la perte des flux p\u00e9troliers qui transitaient par le golfe Persique avant la guerre. L\u2019analyste de Kpler Matt Smith estime que les \u00c9tats-Unis peuvent th\u00e9oriquement exporter au maximum jusqu\u2019\u00e0 6,5 millions de brut par jour, contre 3,5 \u00e0 4,5 en moyenne ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Les exportations devraient toutefois se stabiliser autour de 5,5 millions de barils par jour en raison de contraintes logistiques&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-330004' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-330004' title='Ben German, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2026\/04\/24\/trump-oil-export-ceiling-iran-strait-hormuz&quot;&gt;Trump&amp;rsquo;s oil export surge \u2014 and ceiling&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Axios&lt;\/em&gt;, 24 avril 2026.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, l\u2019ajout sur le march\u00e9 de 1 \u00e0 2 millions de barils de brut suppl\u00e9mentaire par jour ne permettrait de couvrir que 5 \u00e0 10&#160;% de la perte du d\u00e9troit d\u2019Ormuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La guerre contribue d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 la r\u00e9organisation des flux p\u00e9troliers et gaziers mondiaux&#160;: plusieurs dizaines de super-p\u00e9troliers qui se seraient dirig\u00e9s vers le golfe Persique font d\u00e9sormais route vers les \u00c9tats-Unis pour \u00eatre charg\u00e9s&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-330004' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-330004' title='Jamie Smyth, Malcolm Moore, Nassos Stylianou, Dan Clark, Irene de la Torre Arenas et Steven Bernard, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/ig.ft.com\/global-energy-flows\/&quot;&gt;America\u2019s bid for energy supremacy is being forged in war&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 25 avril 2026.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que l\u2019invasion russe \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine, en 2022, a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 renforcer la d\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Europe vis-\u00e0-vis du gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain (GNL), on observe aujourd\u2019hui un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne similaire pour le p\u00e9trole brut et les produits p\u00e9troliers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ainsi, Kpler estime qu\u2019au cours du mois d\u2019avril, plus d\u2019un tiers du <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/20\/leurope-aura-t-elle-encore-du-kerosene-dici-cet-ete\/\">carburant d\u2019aviation<\/a> consomm\u00e9 en Europe devrait provenir de raffineries am\u00e9ricaines \u2014 soit deux fois plus qu\u2019en janvier.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/glKS7\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019instabilit\u00e9 provoqu\u00e9e par la guerre pourrait inciter des nouveaux importateurs \u00e0 signer des contrats d\u2019approvisionnement de plusieurs ann\u00e9es avec des entreprises am\u00e9ricaines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019ampleur de cette r\u00e9organisation des flux \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques sera d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par plusieurs facteurs, dont l\u2019\u00e9volution du conflit mais aussi des co\u00fbts de fret pour les p\u00e9troliers, qui ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 augment\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s de 20&#160;% depuis le d\u00e9but de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e&#160;: un trajet reliant le Golfe des \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 la Chine co\u00fbte d\u00e9sormais 16,3 millions de dollars pour un super-p\u00e9trolier, contre 13,7 millions en janvier&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-330004' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-330004' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.hellenicshippingnews.com\/tanker-market-stabilizing-after-recent-turbulence\/&quot;&gt;Tanker Market Stabilizing After Recent Turbulence&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Hellenic Shipping News&lt;\/em&gt;, 27 avril 2026.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La route reliant les \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 la Chine est d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 un niveau de prix similaire \u00e0 celle qui faisait le trajet depuis le Golfe persique avant le d\u00e9but de la guerre (autour de 100 000 dollars par jour).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re, la hausse des exportations am\u00e9ricaines sur le moyen et long terme d\u00e9pendra de la disponibilit\u00e9 et du nombre de navires capables d\u2019acheminer des cargaisons jusqu\u2019aux ports&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-330004' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-330004' title='Christopher Charleston, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2026-04-09\/us-oil-exports-to-hit-5-million-barrels-a-day-amid-global-crunch&quot;&gt;US Oil Exports to Hit 5 Million Barrels a Day Amid Global Crunch&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 9 avril 2026.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La fermeture du d\u00e9troit d\u2019Ormuz a conduit de nombreux acheteurs asiatiques et europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 se tourner vers les \u00c9tats-Unis pour leur brut et produits p\u00e9troliers.<\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs dizaines de super-p\u00e9troliers qui se seraient dirig\u00e9s vers le golfe Persique font d\u00e9sormais route vers le Golfe am\u00e9ricain pour \u00eatre charg\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":330003,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4850],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-330004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","editorial_format-briefings","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":"default"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La guerre en Iran pourrait r\u00e9organiser les flux p\u00e9troliers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/04\/27\/la-guerre-en-iran-pourrait-reorganiser-durablement-les-flux-petroliers-en-faveur-des-etats-unis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La guerre en Iran pourrait r\u00e9organiser les flux p\u00e9troliers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La fermeture du d\u00e9troit d\u2019Ormuz a conduit de nombreux acheteurs asiatiques et europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 se tourner vers les \u00c9tats-Unis pour leur brut et produits p\u00e9troliers.  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