{"id":316929,"date":"2026-02-12T19:14:48","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T18:14:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=316929"},"modified":"2026-02-12T19:14:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-12T18:14:51","slug":"economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9conomie russe&#160;: le ch\u00f4mage \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9guis\u00e9&#160;\u00bb a bondi de 73&#160;% en 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude de <em>Nova\u00efa Gazeta <\/em>souligne que les licenciements massifs et les fermetures de sites de production d\u00e9cid\u00e9es par plusieurs grandes entreprises russes depuis le lancement de l\u2019invasion de l\u2019Ukraine en 2022 en raison de la baisse de la demande civile ne constituent que \u00ab&#160;la partie \u00e9merg\u00e9e de l\u2019iceberg&#160;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon le journal, au moins 2 500 entreprises auraient mis en place diverses mesures de ch\u00f4mage, qu\u2019il soit d\u00e9clar\u00e9 ou \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9guis\u00e9&#160;\u00bb (aussi appel\u00e9 \u00ab&#160;sous-emploi&#160;\u00bb), afin de s\u2019adapter \u00e0 la nouvelle \u00e9conomie de guerre&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-316929' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-316929' title='\u0410\u043b\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0421\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 et \u0414\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0441 \u041c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043d, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/novayagazeta.eu\/articles\/2026\/02\/12\/zavody-stoiat&quot;&gt;\u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Nova\u00efa Gazeta&lt;\/em&gt;, 12 f\u00e9vrier 2026.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le ch\u00f4mage dit \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9guis\u00e9&#160;\u00bb regroupe les strat\u00e9gies mises en place par les entreprises pour r\u00e9duire leur masse salariale&#160;: diminution des prestations sociales, du temps de travail, cong\u00e9s sans solde ou r\u00e9duction drastique des salaires \u2014 comme dans plusieurs mines du Kouzbass, la principale r\u00e9gion d\u2019extraction de charbon du pays.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si ces mesures sont moins r\u00e9pandues que le ch\u00f4mage \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9clar\u00e9&#160;\u00bb, qui repr\u00e9sente 78&#160;% des cas recens\u00e9s, elles sont n\u00e9anmoins en nette augmentation&#160;: +73&#160;% sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2025, contre +30&#160;% pour les licenciements et fermetures d\u2019usines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/fBxII\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La hausse du nombre de licenciements remonte \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2024, tandis que l\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration des fermetures d\u2019usines est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne plus r\u00e9cent qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 au troisi\u00e8me trimestre 2025. Les secteurs touch\u00e9s concernent en grande majorit\u00e9 l\u2019industrie civile&#160;: restauration, v\u00eatements, industrie automobile, construction.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comme le note le Centre d\u2019analyse macro\u00e9conomique et de pr\u00e9vision \u00e0 court terme, un centre de recherche affili\u00e9 au gouvernement, la croissance de la production industrielle \u00ab&#160;stagne dans le secteur civil depuis le deuxi\u00e8me trimestre 2025&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-316929' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-316929' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/t.me\/cmasf\/802&quot;&gt;\u041e \u0414\u0418\u041d\u0410\u041c\u0418\u041a\u0415 \u041f\u0420\u041e\u041c\u042b\u0428\u041b\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0418\u0417\u0412\u041e\u0414\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0410 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 2025 \u0433&lt;\/a&gt;, \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0426\u041c\u0410\u041a\u041f), Telegram, 10 f\u00e9vrier 2026.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La forte hausse de la production industrielle qu\u2019a connue la Russie l\u2019an dernier est ainsi d\u00fbe aux secteurs o\u00f9 \u00ab&#160;l\u2019industrie de la d\u00e9fense est fortement pr\u00e9sente&#160;\u00bb&#160;: produits m\u00e9talliques, armement, optique, \u00e9lectronique, a\u00e9ronefs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/GPeqw\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Plusieurs signaux faibles sugg\u00e8rent que cette tendance pourrait se poursuivre cette ann\u00e9e en raison d\u2019une baisse de la demande civile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La cha\u00eene Telegram \u00ab&#160;Baza&#160;\u00bb a recens\u00e9 la fermeture de 45 \u00e9tablissements de restauration et bars \u00e0 Moscou au cours du mois de janvier, dont plusieurs enseignes populaires comme \u00ab&#160;Ch\u00e9rie, je vous rappellerai&#160;\u00bb (\u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f, \u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u044e), Smoky BBQ, MiMi ou \u00ab&#160;the toy&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-316929' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-316929' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/t.me\/bazabazon\/43540&quot;&gt;Publication de Baza sur Telegram&lt;\/a&gt;, 20 janvier 2026.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon l\u2019entreprise de conseil en immobilier CMWP, au moins 465 \u00e9tablissements fermeront leurs portes dans la capitale russe en 2026, soit un nombre sup\u00e9rieur aux fermetures provoqu\u00e9es par les mesures sanitaires mises en place en 2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En 2025, sur la p\u00e9riode janvier-novembre, les donn\u00e9es de Yandex Maps (l\u2019\u00e9quivalent russe de Google Maps) indiquent que pr\u00e8s de 4 000 \u00e9tablissements de restauration ont ferm\u00e9 leurs portes \u00e0 travers le pays&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-316929' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-316929' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.kommersant.ru\/doc\/8315537&quot;&gt;\u041d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Kommersant&lt;\/em&gt;, 24 d\u00e9cembre 2025.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selon une enqu\u00eate publi\u00e9e aujourd\u2019hui, jeudi 12 f\u00e9vrier, par le journal d\u2019opposition Nova\u00efa Gazeta, au moins 2 500 entreprises russes ont mis en place diverses mesures de licenciement et de r\u00e9duction de leurs effectifs depuis 2022 en raison de la d\u00e9gradation des conditions \u00e9conomiques li\u00e9e \u00e0 la guerre contre l\u2019Ukraine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":316931,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"geo":[550],"class_list":["post-316929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","geo-russie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00c9conomie russe : le ch\u00f4mage \u00abd\u00e9guis\u00e9\u00bb a bondi de 73 % en 2025<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/economie-russe-le-chomage-deguise-a-bondi-de-73-en-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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