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class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u300a\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5212\u5206\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u786e\u5b9a\u5927\u6d32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6563\u5c45\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u300b<br><\/p><cite>Christian Grataloup<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5269\u4e0b\u5176\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u201c\u975e\u6b27\u6d32\u201d\uff08les 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Giscard d\u2019Estaing\uff09\u591a\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u535a\u65af\u666e\u9c81\u65af\u6d77\u5ce1\u548c\u8fbe\u8fbe\u5c3c\u5c14\u6d77\u5ce1\uff0c\u662f\u6b27\u4e9a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u300295%\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u9886\u571f\u5904\u4e8e\u4e9a\u6d32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u60a8\u7684\u8bdd\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u6cd5\u56fd\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u5fb7\u65af\u5766\u7684\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5411\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5173\u4e0a\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5927\u95e8\u3002\u201d\u00ab&#160;On ne fait pas attendre Platon.&#160;\u00bb 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class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5927\u6d32\u662f\u5341\u5206\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u89c6\u4e3a\u5929\u7ecf\u5730\u4e49\u3001\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5e38\u8bc6\u3002<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ca1\u9519\u3002\u5bf9\u5927\u6d32\u7684\u5212\u5206\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u6b27\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u903b\u8f91\u7406\u8bba\u201c\u6392\u4e2d\u5f8b\u201d\uff08le principe sur le tiers exclu\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u975e\u9ed1\u5373\u767d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u65e2\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e9a\u6d32\uff0c\u53c8\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\uff1b\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u5730\u5e26\uff1b\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e9a\u6d32\u3002\u79c9\u627f\u7740\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u5904\u5212\u51fa\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u5c9b\u56fd\u9a6c\u8033\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u6b27\u76df\uff1f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u628a\u5b83\u5212\u5165\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5730\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4f46\u5355\u7eaf\u4ece\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u9a6c\u8033\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff08\u6b27\u6d32\u4e0e\u975e\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5272\u88c2\uff09\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6559\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cc5\u6742\u4e86\u5404\u5f0f\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u5c0f\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u56fd\u5bb6\u5386\u53f2\uff1b\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u5b66\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u6b27\u6d32\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u968f\u7740\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u3001\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u4eba\u3001\u7f8e\u7d22\u4e0d\u8fbe\u7c73\u4e9a\u4eba\u7684\u8f6e\u756a\u767b\u573a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u6697\u85cf\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u3001\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u4f20\u8bf4\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u89e3\u4f53\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u5927\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u5b66\u90fd\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u5168\u7403\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53f2\u89c2\u592a\u8fc7\u72ed\u9698\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u4f3c\u4e4e\u683c\u5916\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6559\u6388\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5212\u5206\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u81ea\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u8bb2\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u53f2\uff0c\u518d\u8bb2\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u53f2\u3002\u800c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6559\u5e08\u8d44\u683c\u5ba1\u5b9a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff08CAPES\uff0cCertificat d\u2019Aptitude au Professorat de l\u2019Enseignement du Second degr\u00e9\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\u56fd\u53f2\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5b66\u6b27\u6d32\u53f2\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdc\u6bd4\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8eab\u4efd\u91cd\u8981\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u4f46\u201c\u6211\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u64bc\u52a8\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5730\u56fe\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u6784\u6b27\u6d32\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5730\u56fe\u628a\u6b27\u6d32\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5177\u8c61\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u6cd5\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6Vidal-Lablache\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u8fd9\u5e45\u5730\u56fe\u5c31\u5177\u8c61\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4ece\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u5230\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u5c71\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium\">\n    <a\n        data-pswp-src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1.jpg\"\n        class=\"inline-block gallery-item no-underline \"\n        data-pswp-width=\"624\"\n        data-pswp-height=\"543\">\n                        <picture>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1-330x287.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width:  374px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width:  989px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width: 1319px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width: 1599px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(min-width: 1600px)\" \/>\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/europe-vidal-lablache-1-125x109.jpg\" \/>\r\n        <\/picture>\r\n                \n                    <figcaption class=\"pswp-caption-content \">\u300a\u6b27\u6d32\uff1a\u4ece\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u5230\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u5c71\u300b\u2014\u2014VidalLablache\u7248\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u7f16\u53f7\uff1a312<\/figcaption>\n            <\/a>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5730\u56fe\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u5c55\u73b0\u4e16\u754c\u5168\u5c40\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f3a\u8c03\u5927\u6d32\u7684\u5212\u5206\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u53e4\u4ee3\u5730\u56feTO\u56fe\uff08T dans l\u2019O\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u5730\u56fe\u751f\u52a8\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4eba\u4eec\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/strong><br><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image wp-block-image-small\">\n    <a\n        data-pswp-src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/t-and-o-map-guntherus-ziner-1472-copie-1.jpg\"\n        class=\"inline-block gallery-item no-underline \"\n        data-pswp-width=\"200\"\n        data-pswp-height=\"200\">\n                        <picture>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/t-and-o-map-guntherus-ziner-1472-copie-1-125x125.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(max-width: 374px)\" \/>\r\n                    <source\r\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/t-and-o-map-guntherus-ziner-1472-copie-1.jpg\"\r\n                media=\"(min-width: 375px)\" \/>\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/04\/t-and-o-map-guntherus-ziner-1472-copie-1-125x125.jpg\" \/>\r\n        <\/picture>\r\n                \n            <\/a>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u7684\u786e\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9057\u5fd8\u4e86\u66fe\u7ecf\u98ce\u9761\u4e00\u65f6\u7684TO\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ee5\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u8499\u7530\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u7528\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5927\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8981\u66f4\u665a\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u300a\u76f4\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002\u300b<\/p><cite>Christian Grataloup<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5236\u56fe\u5b66\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\uff1a\u8d6b\u91cc\u798f\u5fb7\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u7ef5\u5ef6\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u9646\u5730\u201d\u3002\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u5e03\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6307\u4ee3\u7684\u662f\u65e7\u5927\u9646\uff08l\u2019ancien monde\uff09\u3002\u65e7\u5927\u9646\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u6240\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u975e\u6d32\u3002\u4e24\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u7ea2\u6d77\u548c\u9ed1\u6d77\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u7247\u9646\u5730\u8fde\u6210\u4e00\u7247\uff0c\u88ab\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6b27\u975e\u5927\u9646\u6216\u6b27\u4e9a\u975e\u5927\u9646\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u8ba9\u4eba\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5212\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u677f\u5757\u6784\u9020\u5b66\u8bf4\u4eff\u4f5b\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u5730\u8d28\u677f\u5757\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0e\u5927\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u5408\u3002\u4f9d\u636e\u677f\u5757\u6784\u9020\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e1c\u975e\u5927\u88c2\u8c37\u628a\u975e\u6d32\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u677f\u5757\u5206\u5272\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u975e\u6d32\u8054\u76df(l\u2019union africaine)\u66fe\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u975e\u6d32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u5185\u90e8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u7406\u677f\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u975e\u76df\u6240\u58f0\u79f0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u201c\u5b8c\u6574\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u7167\u677f\u5757\u6784\u9020\u5b66\u8bf4\u5212\u5206\u5927\u6d32\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8ba9\u4eba\u557c\u7b11\u7686\u975e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u7a81\u5c3c\u65af\u5317\u90e8\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u4f2f\u7f57\u5954\u5c3c\u6492\u5730\u533a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9886\u571f\u5f52\u5c5e\u800c\u4e89\u5435\u4e0d\u505c\u3002\u00ab&#160;Le terme de continent est une sorte de malhonn\u00eatet\u00e9 implicite qui laisse supposer que c\u2019est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de nature.&#160;\u00bb\u300a\u201c\u5927\u6d32\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u8ba9\u4eba\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5212\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5728\u8d6b\u91cc\u798f\u5fb7\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c45\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u4e9a\u975e\u6b27\u5927\u9646\u4eff\u4f5b\u662f\u88ab\u6d77\u6d0b\u5305\u56f4\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c9b\u5c7f\u3002\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5e38\u662f\u5927\u7247\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u5236\u4f5c\u6b27\u6d32\u5730\u56fe\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u7565\u8fc7\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\u7684\u4e1c\u6b27\u5730\u533a\u548c\u4e2d\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u5f52\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u65f6\u800c\u5f02\u3002\u5730\u56fe\u548c\u516c\u5386\u7eaa\u5143\u6cd5\u90fd\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5de7\u5408\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u89c2\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5730\u56fe\u529b\u56fe\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9\u662f\u4e1c\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u4eba\u95f4\u5929\u5802(le paradis terrestre\uff0c\u4e0e\u795e\u754c\u5929\u5802\u76f8\u5bf9)\u7684\u6240\u5728\u3002\u592a\u9633\u4ece\u4e1c\u65b9\uff08\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u65b9\uff09\u5347\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff08\u5730\u56fe\u4e0b\u65b9\uff09\u964d\u843d\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5386\u53f2\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5c45\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u6b63\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5723\u57ce\u3001\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u575f\u5893\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff1a\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u95ee\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u2022\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Thomas d\u2019Aquin\uff09\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u56fe\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5730\u533a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u7b11\u81f3\u6781\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u56fe\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5c55\u73b0\u5723\u7ecf\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u53bb\u523b\u753b\u90a3\u4e9b\u8fb9\u8fb9\u89d2\u89d2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u9010\u6e10\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u5177\u6709\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\uff1a\u5b83\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u5404\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u8d6b\u91cc\u798f\u5fb7\u5730\u56fe\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u5f25\u8bfa\u9676\u6d1b\u65af\u8ff7\u5bab\u3001\u8d6b\u5c14\u58a8\u65af\u795e\u67f1\u548c\u8bfa\u4e9a\u65b9\u821f\u7b49\u5723\u7ecf\u6545\u4e8b\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u5de8\u4eba\u6b4c\u9769\u548c\u739b\u5404\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u4e00\u4e16\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u662f\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\u548c\u5730\u7406\u89c2\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6307\u5357\u9488\u88ab\u53d1\u660e\u540e\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u795e\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ed8\u56fe\u5b66\u624d\u6e10\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4f46\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u5730\u5e26\u3002<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e26\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5177\u8c61\u5316\u4e86\u5404\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u7aef\u3002\u5317\u51b0\u6d0b\u548c\u5357\u6781\u6d32\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u7aef\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u5173\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6d77\u57df\u5212\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u5374\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u70ed\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u7275\u6d89\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u5e7f\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e0d\u662f\u9646\u5730\u9886\u571f\u5212\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u7f8e\u6d32\uff08America\uff09\u662f\u4ee5\u4f5b\u7f57\u4f26\u8428\u822a\u6d77\u5bb6\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5229\u54e5\u00b7\u7ef4\u65af\u666e\u5947\uff08Amerigo Vespucci\uff09\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u54e5\u4f26\u5e03\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u533a\u662f\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e1c\u90e8\u3002\u4f46\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5229\u54e5\u00b7\u7ef4\u65af\u666e\u5947\u5728\u8003\u5bdf\u8fc7\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u4e1c\u6d77\u5cb8\u4e4b\u540e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u201c\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u5f80\u6765\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u201c\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u800c\u975e\u201c\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u201d\u53d1\u73b0\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7f8e\u6d32\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u4e0a\u6765\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaaTO\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u975e\u6d32\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u7247\u5927\u9646\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u521a\u624d\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u6df1\u53d7\u5b97\u6559\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u7740\u529b\u4e8e\u523b\u753b\u5723\u7ecf\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002TO\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u8bfa\u4e9a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff08\u95ea\u3001\u542b\u3001\u96c5\u5f17\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u88d4\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u3002\u95ea\u7684\u80a4\u8272\u662f\u9ec4\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540e\u88d4\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\uff1b\u542b\u7684\u80a4\u8272\u662f\u9ed1\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540e\u88d4\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u975e\u6d32\uff1b\u800c\u96c5\u5f17\u7684\u80a4\u8272\u662f\u767d\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u540e\u88d4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0cTO\u56fe\u8574\u542b\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u610f\u5473\u6162\u6162\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e60\u60ef\u628aTO\u56fe\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5f53\u505a\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u7247\u201c\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u690d\u5165\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7528\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5229\u54e5\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u547d\u540d\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u300a\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u300b<\/p><cite>Christian Grataloup<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u7f8e\u6d32\uff08America\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\uff08Europe\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u300215\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\uff0ceurop\u00e9en\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u201d\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u5c31\u5728\u6559\u7687\u78a7\u5cb3\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Piccolomini\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u4e0b\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u7ecf\u5386\u8bf8\u591a\u4e89\u8bae\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e00\u8bcd\u624d\u572816\u4e16\u7eaa\u666e\u53ca\u5f00\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u6d32\uff08Europe\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u91cd\u5851\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u62c9\u4e01\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9d\u9644\u4e8e\u6559\u7687\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4f46\u4ece16\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u6559\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u62c9\u4e01\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u6709\u6240\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u6559\u8005\uff08libertin\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8870\u843d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0d\u518d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u540c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u524a\u5f31\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b27\u6d32\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u63a2\u9669\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u5730\u7406\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u592f\u5b9e\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ece\u539f\u6765\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le besoin de lin\u00e9arit\u00e9 de la fronti\u00e8re est \u00e0int\u00e9grer dans le mouvement intellectuel encyclop\u00e9dique, particuli\u00e8rement visible dans la botanique et la g\u00e9ologie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u300a\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u5212\u5206\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u548c\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u300b<br><\/p><cite>Christian Grataloup<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u662f\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u7ed8\u56fe\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d77\uff0c\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u89c6\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u8fb9\u5883\u7ebf\u4e9f\u5f85\u5212\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5212\u5b9a\u6b27\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u6a2a\u8de8\u6b27\u4e9a\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u5212\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u628a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong><br><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\u7ebf\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u5305\u542b\u9886\u571f\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u5fe0\u8bda\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u53ef\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u7fa4\u4eba\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u9886\u571f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\u7ebf\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u6670\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5730\u5212\u5206\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u5212\u5206\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u548c\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5361\u897f\u5c3c\u5730\u56fe\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u7ed8\u56fe\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u8fb9\u5883\u7ebf\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u536b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u519b\u4e8b\u5bb6\u6c83\u90a6\uff08Vauban\uff09\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8981\u585e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u585e\u968f\u540e\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u5883\u7ebf\u7684\u53c2\u7167\u7269\u3002\u5728\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7684\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u8bfa\u5fb7\u66fc\uff08Daniel Nordman\uff09\u91cd\u73b0\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u6751\u5b50\u63a5\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6751\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u754c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u6cb3\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u4e1c\u90e8\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u53d7\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u542f\u8499\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u72c4\u5fb7\u7f57\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<em>\u6ce8\uff1a<\/em><em>1773<\/em><em>\u5e74\uff0c\u72c4\u5fb7\u7f57\u53d7\u53f6\u5361\u6377\u7433\u5a1c\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e3a\u671f<\/em><em>5<\/em><em>\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u72c4\u5fb7\u7f57\u5728\u4ed6\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u300a\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u628a\u4e4c\u62c9\u5c14\u6cb3\u5199\u4f5c<\/em><em>Ja\u00efk<\/em><em>\u3002<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7684\u786e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4f55\u4e3a\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u201d\uff1f\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7406\u6807\u5fd7\uff08\u5982\u5c71\u810a\u3001\u6d77\u5cb8\u7ebf\uff09\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5927\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u5417\uff1f\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u67d0\u4e00\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5c71\u3001\u67d0\u7247\u5bbd\u5ea6\u7684\u6d77\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5c71\u6d77\u66f4\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u6210\u4e3a\u8fb9\u754c\uff1f\u53c8\u662f\u8c01\u6709\u6743\u5229\u89c4\u5b9a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5212\u754c\u6807\u51c6\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6d77\u5cb8\u7ebf\u662f\u5212\u5206\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u6700\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u201c\u9886\u6d77\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5212\u754c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u9886\u6d77\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u201c\u4e13\u5c5e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u201d\u7684\u5212\u5206\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u50cf\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u6d77\u57df\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5212\u754c\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5212\u754c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6d0b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6d77\u57df\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7ebf\u5212\u5206\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u770b\u4f3c\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u5212\u754c\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u4e2a\u4eba\u504f\u597d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u4e0e\u5df4\u5e03\u4e9a\u65b0\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u66f4\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u8fb9\u754c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u53bb\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u5c9b\u5c7f\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u3001\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u5728\u5730\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u73b0\u5728\u88ab\u5212\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u5462\uff1f\u5b97\u6559\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u3001\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u90fd\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u5f52\u5165\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f1a\u5426\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\uff08id\u00e9ntit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff1f<\/strong><br><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u98ce\u9761\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u5927\u5bab\u5ef7\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u6b64\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u7cbe\u82f1\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u57281848\u5e74\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\uff08le Printemps des Peuples\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u8005\u4eec\u5e38\u4ee5\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u4e3a\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u3002\u52a0\u6cf0\u7f57\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5e38\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u62e5\u6709\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u52a0\u6cf0\u7f57\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8bed\uff0c\u6765\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u6b63\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u300a\u6b27\u6d32\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u300b<\/p><cite>Christian Grataloup<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53cd\u9a73\uff1a\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8bf4\u7740\u5404\u81ea\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u548c\u7766\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cc\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u666e\u901a\u8bdd\u5c31\u66fe\u7ecf\u626e\u6f14\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u6269\u5f20\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u88ab\u5360\u9886\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5b97\u4e3b\u56fd\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5982\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u9b41\u5317\u514b\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u4eff\u4f5b\u6210\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52a3\u52bf\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u81e3\u670d\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u30021830\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u4ece\u8377\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u65f6\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u6d3e\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u4e5f\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u745e\u58eb\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 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terme de continent est implicitement malhonn\u00eate&#160;&#160;: il se laisse supposer comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne naturel.&#160;&#160;\u00bb \u2013 En exclusivit\u00e9, notre entretien \u00e0 Christian Grataloup, traduit en chinois<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":18147,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-interviews.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1734],"tags":[],"geo":[],"class_list":["post-31684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-doctrines","staff-adrien-jouteau"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5b89\u00b7\u683c\u62c9\u5854\u5362\u4e13\u8bbf | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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