{"id":299979,"date":"2025-10-02T12:54:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T10:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=299979"},"modified":"2025-10-02T12:54:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T10:54:02","slug":"trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/","title":{"rendered":"Trump veut tirer profit du shutdown pour d\u00e9manteler davantage l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tous les ans, le Congr\u00e8s doit passer douze lois de financement avant la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e fiscale afin de couvrir les d\u00e9penses dites \u00ab&#160;discr\u00e9tionnaires&#160;\u00bb du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral. Lorsqu\u2019il ne parvient pas \u00e0 remplir ce r\u00f4le avant le 30 septembre, le gouvernement \u00ab&#160;ferme&#160;\u00bb&#160;: certains services cessent de fonctionner, des infrastructures f\u00e9d\u00e9rales ferment leurs portes, et des fonctionnaires sont plac\u00e9s en cong\u00e9 sans solde ou continuent de travailler sans percevoir de salaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/aVa25\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Un <em>shutdown <\/em>consiste traditionnellement en une \u00e9preuve de force entre les deux partis, qui cherchent \u00e0 obtenir des concessions de l\u2019autre camp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La plupart du temps, les l\u00e9gislateurs s\u2019accordent pour passer une mesure de financement temporaire (une \u00ab&#160;r\u00e9solution continue&#160;\u00bb, ou CR) afin de pouvoir continuer \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier tout en \u00e9vitant la fermeture du gouvernement, \u00e0 laquelle est associ\u00e9e un co\u00fbt politique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le Congr\u00e8s a adopt\u00e9 une ou plusieurs de ces mesures au cours de 46 des 49 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es fiscales&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-299979' title='James V. Saturno, Megan S. Lynch, Bill Heniff Jr., Drew C. Aherne et Justin Murray, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs_external_products\/R\/PDF\/R46595\/R46595.7.pdf&quot;&gt;Continuing Resolutions&amp;#160;: Overview of Components and Practices&lt;\/a&gt;, Congressional Research Service, 27 mars 2025.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. La derni\u00e8re fois que le Congr\u00e8s est parvenu \u00e0 voter ses douze lois de financement avant la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e fiscale remonte \u00e0 1997.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette ann\u00e9e, ces mesures temporaires \u2014 introduites par les D\u00e9mocrates et les R\u00e9publicains \u2014 ont \u00e9chou\u00e9 \u00e0 obtenir une majorit\u00e9 suffisante dans les deux chambres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/zIBuh\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si les l\u00e9gislateurs r\u00e9publicains se disent ouverts \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier avec les d\u00e9mocrates une fois leur mesure temporaire \u2014 qui financerait les d\u00e9penses du gouvernement jusqu\u2019au 21 novembre \u2014 sign\u00e9e par Trump, la Maison-Blanche a signal\u00e9 vouloir tirer avantage de l\u2019absence de financement pour d\u00e9manteler davantage l\u2019appareil f\u00e9d\u00e9ral. Depuis janvier, 300 000 postes de fonctionnaires f\u00e9d\u00e9raux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9s par l\u2019administration Trump.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le 24 septembre, une semaine avant le d\u00e9but du <em>shutdown<\/em>, le directeur du Bureau de la gestion et du budget (OMB) Russell Vought a envoy\u00e9 un m\u00e9morandum aux agences et d\u00e9partements f\u00e9d\u00e9raux exigeant une r\u00e9duction des effectifs des fonctionnaires (RIF) travaillant au sein de programmes n\u2019\u00e9tant pas \u00ab&#160;conformes aux priorit\u00e9s du pr\u00e9sident&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-299979' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/static.notus.org\/f2\/be\/d7f0f0e04b288a9b999c2982c196\/omb-lapse-email.pdf&quot;&gt;M\u00e9morandum envoy\u00e9 par Russell Vought&lt;\/a&gt;, 24 septembre 2025.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon des informations obtenues par <em>Axios<\/em>, Vought aurait averti les repr\u00e9sentants r\u00e9publicains hier, mercredi 1er octobre, que l\u2019administration commencerait \u00e0 licencier des fonctionnaires \u00ab&#160;dans un jour ou deux&#160;\u00bb, sans pr\u00e9ciser quels programmes sp\u00e9cifiques seraient affect\u00e9s&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-299979' title='Kate Santaliz, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2025\/10\/01\/white-house-omb-federal-workers-layoffs-shutdown-vought-house-republicans&quot;&gt;White House to begin firing federal workers within a \u00ab&amp;#160;day or two&amp;#160;\u00bb&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Axios&lt;\/em&gt;, 1er octobre 2025.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/O3Hgk\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Durant un <em>shutdown<\/em>, la Maison-Blanche dispose de pouvoirs consid\u00e9rables permis par l\u2019absence d\u2019encadrement juridique pr\u00e9cis. Lors de son premier mandat, l\u2019administration Trump avait notamment d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de maintenir les parcs nationaux ouverts \u2014 alors que ceux-ci sont traditionnellement ferm\u00e9s en raison de l\u2019absence de fonds \u2014 et de rappeler plus de 15 000 fonctionnaires du service des imp\u00f4ts (IRS) pour continuer \u00e0 traiter des appels et remboursements&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-299979' title='Jim Tankersley et Michael Tackett, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/01\/07\/us\/politics\/tax-return-refunds-government-shutdown.html&quot;&gt;I.R.S. Will Issue Tax Refunds During Shutdown, Trump Official Says&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 janvier 2019.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Nearly $8 billion in Green New Scam funding to fuel the Left&#39;s climate agenda is being cancelled. More info to come from <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ENERGY?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ENERGY<\/a>. <br><br>The projects are in the following states&#160;: CA, CO, CT, DE, HI, IL, MD, MA, MN, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OR, VT, WA<\/p>&mdash; Russ Vought (@russvought) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/russvought\/status\/1973450301236715838?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 1, 2025<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019administration avait \u00e9galement continu\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9livrer des permis d\u2019extraction de p\u00e9trole et de gaz, r\u00e9interpr\u00e9tant ainsi la d\u00e9finition de \u00ab&#160;fonctions essentielles&#160;\u00bb du gouvernement&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-299979' title='Sara Divett, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.law.georgetown.edu\/environmental-law-review\/blog\/is-drilling-essential-oil-and-gas-leasing-and-permitting-in-the-2019-shutdown\/&quot;&gt;Is drilling \u201cessential\u201d&amp;#160;?&amp;#160;: Oil and gas leasing and permitting in the 2019 shutdown&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, The Georgetown Environmental Law Review, 1er mars 2019.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Hier, Vought a annonc\u00e9 l\u2019annulation de pr\u00e8s de 8 milliards de dollars pour la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u2014 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;la gauche&#160;\u00bb \u2014 dans 16 \u00c9tats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019OMB joue un r\u00f4le majeur lors d\u2019un <em>shutdown<\/em>. Au sein de la Maison-Blanche, il s\u2019agit de l\u2019agence qui fournit des \u00ab&#160;orientations&#160;\u00bb aux directions des d\u00e9partements f\u00e9d\u00e9raux, notamment concernant la distinction entre les activit\u00e9s jug\u00e9es \u00ab&#160;essentielles&#160;\u00bb (qui continueront de fonctionner) et routini\u00e8res (susceptibles d\u2019\u00eatre suspendues).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En 2023, un rapport publi\u00e9 dans la revue du Claremont Institute, <em>The American Mind,<\/em> par un ex-responsable de la premi\u00e8re administration Trump \u00e9crivant sous pseudonyme d\u00e9crivait comment une nouvelle administration \u00ab&#160;America First&#160;\u00bb pouvait \u00ab&#160;transformer les <em>shutdowns<\/em>, qui sont actuellement le bouclier de la bureaucratie, en l&rsquo;\u00e9p\u00e9e du pr\u00e9sident&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-299979' title='Lancelot A. Lamar, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/americanmind.org\/features\/a-swing-and-a-miss\/irregular-order-part-ii\/&quot;&gt;Irregular Order, Part II&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The American Mind&lt;\/em&gt;, 11 octobre 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u2019est dans cette m\u00eame publication que Vought \u2014 qui \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019OMB durant la premi\u00e8re administration Trump \u2014 appelait un an plus t\u00f4t la \u00ab&#160;Droite&#160;\u00bb \u00e0 exploiter toutes les failles juridiques \u00e0 sa disposition et ses membres \u00e0 devenir des \u00ab&#160;constitutionnalistes radicaux&#160;\u00bb afin de se d\u00e9barrasser des bureaucrates&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-299979' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-299979' title='Russell Vought, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/americanmind.org\/salvo\/renewing-american-purpose\/&quot;&gt;Renewing American Purpose&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The American Mind&lt;\/em&gt;, 29 septembre 2022.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les \u00c9tats-Unis entrent aujourd\u2019hui, jeudi 2 octobre, dans leur deuxi\u00e8me journ\u00e9e de shutdown \u2014 le premier depuis pr\u00e8s de 7 ans.<\/p>\n<p>Contrairement aux pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, l\u2019administration Trump consid\u00e8re que celui-ci pourrait servir ses int\u00e9r\u00eats en proc\u00e9dant \u00e0 des licenciements massifs de fonctionnaires f\u00e9d\u00e9raux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":299982,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-299979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","geo-ameriques"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Trump veut tirer profit du shutdown pour d\u00e9manteler l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trump veut tirer profit du shutdown pour d\u00e9manteler l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les \u00c9tats-Unis entrent aujourd\u2019hui, jeudi 2 octobre, dans leur deuxi\u00e8me journ\u00e9e de shutdown \u2014 le premier depuis pr\u00e8s de 7 ans.  Contrairement aux pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, l\u2019administration Trump consid\u00e8re que celui-ci pourrait servir ses int\u00e9r\u00eats en proc\u00e9dant \u00e0 des licenciements massifs de fonctionnaires f\u00e9d\u00e9raux.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/02\/trump-veut-tirer-profit-du-shutdown-pour-demanteler-davantage-letat-federal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-02T10:54:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-02T10:54:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/gc-share-plan-trump-shutdown.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1884\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1054\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" 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