{"id":297022,"date":"2025-09-08T18:16:08","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T16:16:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=297022"},"modified":"2025-09-16T10:00:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T08:00:11","slug":"lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Union d\u00e9pend toujours de la Russie pour 10&#160;% de son GNL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>En quatre ans, la d\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Union vis-\u00e0-vis des hydrocarbures russes a consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9. Le bloc d\u00e9pend d\u00e9sormais de la Russie pour moins de 2&#160;% de ses importations de p\u00e9trole brut, contre plus de 22&#160;% en 2021, ann\u00e9e ayant pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pour le gaz naturel import\u00e9 directement depuis la Russie via gazoducs, la d\u00e9pendance europ\u00e9enne est pass\u00e9e de pr\u00e8s de 41&#160;% du total des importations en 2021 \u00e0 7,3&#160;% l\u2019an dernier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La d\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Union au GNL (gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9) russe est toutefois plus durable. L\u2019an dernier, les 27 en ont import\u00e9 16 milliards de m\u00b3 selon Eurostat, soit plus de 14&#160;% du total des importations \u2014 contre 16&#160;% en 2021&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-297022' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-297022' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/databrowser\/view\/nrg_ti_gasm__custom_18061549\/default\/table?lang=en&quot;&gt;Imports of natural gas by partner country &amp;#8211; monthly data&lt;\/a&gt;, Eurostat.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ce chiffre est pass\u00e9 sous la barre des 10&#160;% sur les six premiers mois de 2025 (9,9&#160;%). Sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e, le volume d\u2019importations de GNL russe devrait toutefois rester plus ou moins similaire \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les importations europ\u00e9ennes de charbon russe ont quant \u00e0 elles quasiment \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duites \u00e0 z\u00e9ro d\u00e8s 2023, suite \u00e0 l\u2019imposition d\u2019un embargo \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/jvc8p\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les Europ\u00e9ens d\u00e9boursent ainsi en moyenne entre 40 et 50 millions d\u2019euros par jour pour leurs achats. L\u2019an dernier, ces derniers ont plus pay\u00e9 pour l\u2019achat de gaz et de p\u00e9trole russe qu\u2019ils n\u2019ont fourni d\u2019aide financi\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019Ukraine, selon le Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-297022' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-297022' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/energyandcleanair.org\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/CREA_Analysis_Third-year-of-invasion_24.02.2025_REVISED_10.04.2025.pdf&quot;&gt;THREE YEARS OF INVASION. EU imports of Russian fossil fuels in third year of invasion surpass financial aid sent to Ukraine&lt;\/a&gt;, Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), 24 f\u00e9vrier 2025.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Union \u00e9tait en juillet le principal acheteur de GNL russe et de gaz naturel export\u00e9 via gazoduc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En Europe, la Hongrie et la Slovaquie sont les principaux importateurs de p\u00e9trole russe, qui transite via l\u2019ol\u00e9oduc Droujba. Les deux pays continuent \u00e9galement de recevoir du gaz naturel via le gazoduc TurkStream&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-297022' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-297022' title='Petras Katinas, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/energyandcleanair.org\/july-2025-monthly-analysis-of-russian-fossil-fuel-exports-and-sanctions\/&quot;&gt;July 2025 \u2014 Monthly analysis of Russian fossil fuel exports and sanctions&lt;\/a&gt;, Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), 12 ao\u00fbt 2025.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La France \u00e9tait quant \u00e0 elle le principal importateur de GNL russe en juillet (239 millions d\u2019euros). Une partie de ce gaz est n\u00e9anmoins par la suite livr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Allemagne.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La Belgique (102 millions) et l\u2019Espagne (66 millions d\u2019euros) \u00e9taient les quatri\u00e8me et cinqui\u00e8me principaux importateurs d\u2019hydrocarbures russes en juillet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ufXGA\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En principe, un arr\u00eat total des importations de GNL russe ne mettrait pas en p\u00e9ril la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des \u00c9tats membres pour cet hiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Depuis juin 2022, un r\u00e8glement europ\u00e9en fixe un taux de remplissage de 90&#160;% des r\u00e9serves de gaz des \u00c9tats membres avant le 1er novembre de chaque ann\u00e9e.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette r\u00e8gle a \u00e9t\u00e9 assouplie en juin <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/02\/14\/prix-du-gaz-une-coalition-detats-membres-demande-plus-de-flexibilite-dans-les-regles-encadrant-le-remplissage-de-leurs-reserves\/\">suite \u00e0 une demande formul\u00e9e par une coalition de pays<\/a>&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-297022' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-297022' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/en\/press-room\/20250623IPR29114\/gas-storage-deal-with-council-on-refill-flexibility-to-bring-down-prices&quot;&gt;Gas storage&amp;#160;: deal with Council on refill flexibility to bring down prices&lt;\/a&gt;, Parlement europ\u00e9en, 24 juin 2025.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La trajectoire actuelle du rythme de remplissage des r\u00e9serves des \u00c9tats membres sugg\u00e8re que la cible de 90&#160;% pourrait cette ann\u00e9e encore \u00eatre atteinte d\u00e8s le mois d\u2019octobre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/BajN1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour les \u00c9tats-Unis&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-297022' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-297022' title='Jamie Smyth, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/22f9fa8c-4641-4d7f-ac3b-5c16cbac5128&quot;&gt;US demands EU stops buying Russian gas if it wants new sanctions on Putin&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 8 septembre 2025.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, au-del\u00e0 de la pression sur la Russie, les \u00c9tats europ\u00e9ens doivent arr\u00eater d\u2019importer de l\u2019\u00e9nergie russe pour tenir leur engagement pris dans le cadre de l\u2019accord commercial conclu avec Trump&#160;: <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/07\/27\/lunion-europeenne-cede-a-trump-analyse-a-chaud-du-traite-inegal-quimpose-15-de-droits-de-douane\/\">l\u2019Union s\u2019est en effet engag\u00e9e \u00e0 acheter pour 750 milliards de dollars d\u2019\u00e9nergie am\u00e9ricaine<\/a> (p\u00e9trole, gaz et produits nucl\u00e9aires) d\u2019ici 2028.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont pos\u00e9 une condition aux Europ\u00e9ens&#160;&#160;: tout durcissement des sanctions de Washington \u00e0 l&rsquo;encontre de la Russie doit \u00eatre accompagn\u00e9 d&rsquo;efforts de la part de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne pour mettre fin aux achats d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie russe.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019an dernier, les importations de gaz russe par les \u00c9tats membres (GNL et via gazoduc) ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 8,7&#160;&#160;% du total des achats du bloc. Si ce chiffre demeure important, il est n\u00e9anmoins en baisse de 28 points depuis 2021 (36,7&#160;&#160;%), avant l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":297021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-297022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","geo-europe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019Union d\u00e9pend toujours de la Russie pour 10 % de son GNL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019Union d\u00e9pend toujours de la Russie pour 10 % de son GNL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont pos\u00e9 une condition aux Europ\u00e9ens&#160;: tout durcissement des sanctions de Washington \u00e0 l&#039;encontre de la Russie doit \u00eatre accompagn\u00e9 d&#039;efforts de la part de l&#039;Union europ\u00e9enne pour mettre fin aux achats d&#039;\u00e9nergie russe.  L\u2019an dernier, les importations de gaz russe par les \u00c9tats membres (GNL et via gazoduc) ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 8,7&#160;% du total des achats du bloc. Si ce chiffre demeure important, il est n\u00e9anmoins en baisse de 28 points depuis 2021 (36,7&#160;%), avant l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/09\/08\/lunion-depend-toujours-de-la-russie-pour-10-de-son-gnl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-09-08T16:16:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-16T08:00:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/gc-share-EU-gnl-russe-2025.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1898\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1058\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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