{"id":294873,"date":"2025-08-26T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=294873"},"modified":"2025-08-25T19:06:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T17:06:41","slug":"comment-la-chine-a-rattrape-son-retard-economique-sur-lunion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/08\/26\/comment-la-chine-a-rattrape-son-retard-economique-sur-lunion\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment la Chine a rattrap\u00e9 son retard \u00e9conomique sur l\u2019Union"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Selon le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international (FMI), le PIB en prix courant de l\u2019Union devrait rester sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui de la Chine cette ann\u00e9e. L\u2019institution anticipe toutefois que P\u00e9kin devrait durablement d\u00e9passer les 27 \u00e0 partir de 2027, si les tendances actuelles se poursuivent. En dollars constants (2015), le PIB chinois a d\u00e9pass\u00e9 celui de l\u2019Union pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selon le FMI, les \u00c9tats membres ont produit 19 412 milliards de dollars de richesse l\u2019an dernier, contre 18 748 pour la Chine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avec une croissance annuelle quatre \u00e0 cinq fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de la zone euro, l\u2019\u00e9conomie chinoise cro\u00eet toutefois \u00e0 un rythme bien plus soutenu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/LDiER\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1990, l\u2019\u00e9conomie europ\u00e9enne pesait 18 fois plus que celle de la Chine. En 2000, ce rapport \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 tomb\u00e9 \u00e0 6, et aujourd\u2019hui, les deux produits int\u00e9rieurs bruts sont quasiment \u00e9gaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les proportions devraient commencer \u00e0 s\u2019inverser au cours des prochaines ann\u00e9es mais les Europ\u00e9ens ne sont que 450 millions, lorsque la Chine compte 1,4 milliard d\u2019habitants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autrement dit, le PIB par habitant dans l\u2019Union est toujours 3,2 fois sup\u00e9rieur par rapport \u00e0 la Chine \u2014 contre 49 fois en 1990.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ODbgW\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si l\u2019\u00e9conomie chinoise est en voie pour durablement d\u00e9passer celle de l\u2019Union, la politique douani\u00e8re de l\u2019administration Trump et la r\u00e9organisation des flux commerciaux fragilisent le mod\u00e8le exportateur sur lequel P\u00e9kin a fond\u00e9 sa croissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La hausse de l\u2019activit\u00e9 manufacturi\u00e8re <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/08\/21\/les-tarifs-de-trump-accelerent-la-percee-de-pekin-sur-les-marches-emergents\/\">se trouve \u00e0 son plus bas niveau<\/a> depuis novembre, tandis que les derni\u00e8res donn\u00e9es montrent une baisse des investissements dans l\u2019immobilier et les infrastructures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Afin de soutenir un rythme de croissance \u00e9lev\u00e9, P\u00e9kin veut se d\u00e9tourner de l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re et investir massivement dans la haute technologie, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la strat\u00e9gie Made in China 2025, publi\u00e9e il y a dix ans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La transition des biens vers les services comme principal moteur de la croissance chinoise devrait s\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer \u00e0 mesure que les revenus augmentent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plusieurs indicateurs, comme <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/25\/les-chinois-pourraient-ils-un-jour-preferer-le-cafe-au-the\/\">la consommation de caf\u00e9<\/a> ou la possession d\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/14\/dici-2030-la-chine-devrait-avoir-deux-fois-plus-danimaux-de-compagnie-que-denfants-en-bas-age-pourquoi\/\">animaux de compagnie<\/a>, refl\u00e8tent aussi l\u2019\u00e9volution du niveau de vie qui stimule la demande int\u00e9rieure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1990, un Europ\u00e9en \u00e9tait en moyenne 50 fois plus riche qu\u2019un Chinois. En une trentaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, cet \u00e9cart a \u00e9t\u00e9 ramen\u00e9 \u00e0 3,2, et pourrait atteindre la parit\u00e9 au cours des prochaines d\u00e9cennies, si les tendances \u00e9conomiques actuelles se poursuivent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":294880,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3468],"tags":[],"geo":[531],"class_list":["post-294873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-donnees-qui-changent-la-donne","geo-chine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comment la Chine a rattrap\u00e9 son retard \u00e9conomique sur l\u2019Union<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/08\/26\/comment-la-chine-a-rattrape-son-retard-economique-sur-lunion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment la Chine a rattrap\u00e9 son retard \u00e9conomique sur l\u2019Union\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 1990, un Europ\u00e9en \u00e9tait en moyenne 50 fois plus riche qu\u2019un Chinois. En une trentaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, cet \u00e9cart a \u00e9t\u00e9 ramen\u00e9 \u00e0 3,2, et pourrait atteindre la parit\u00e9 au cours des prochaines d\u00e9cennies, si les tendances \u00e9conomiques actuelles se poursuivent.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/08\/26\/comment-la-chine-a-rattrape-son-retard-economique-sur-lunion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-26T04:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/08\/gc-share-50-chines-eu.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1892\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1058\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta 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