{"id":266601,"date":"2025-03-05T12:28:10","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T11:28:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=266601"},"modified":"2025-03-05T12:28:12","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T11:28:12","slug":"economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9conomie russe&#160;: les sanctions \u00e9tranglent l&rsquo;industrie du charbon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>En d\u00e9cembre dernier, Vladimir Poutine a ordonn\u00e9 \u00e0 son gouvernement d\u2019\u00e9laborer un \u00ab&#160;plan d\u2019urgence&#160;\u00bb pour venir en aide \u00e0 l\u2019industrie russe du charbon, <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/10\/08\/economie-russe-le-secteur-du-charbon-traverse-sa-pire-crise-depuis-les-annees-1990\/\">qui traverse sa pire crise depuis les ann\u00e9es 1990<\/a>. Fin octobre, une analyse conduite par le minist\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9nergie indiquait que l\u2019industrie russe du charbon \u00e9tait devenue non-rentable en 2024, avec des pertes estim\u00e9es \u00e0 34 milliards de roubles sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e (environ 350 millions d\u2019euros)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-266601' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-266601' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.kommersant.ru\/doc\/7264977&quot;&gt;\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0443\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044a&lt;\/em&gt;, 28 octobre 2024.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Depuis le lancement de l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine en 2022, la Russie a tir\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 87 milliards d\u2019euros de revenus de ses ventes de charbon, soit environ 10,4&#160;% de la valeur totale de ses exportations d\u2019hydrocarbures (68&#160;% pour le p\u00e9trole et 21&#160;% pour le gaz), selon les donn\u00e9es du Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bien que la Russie d\u00e9pende moins de ses exportations de charbon que de p\u00e9trole et de gaz, elle est le troisi\u00e8me exportateur au monde du combustible (apr\u00e8s l\u2019Indon\u00e9sie et l\u2019Australie). Le secteur emploie directement et indirectement environ 650 000 personnes en Russie, et repr\u00e9sente 39&#160;% du fret russe \u2014 soit la marchandise la plus transport\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/wSSoB\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si le secteur du charbon russe s\u2019est progressivement contract\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 mesure que le monde se tourne de plus en plus vers des sources alternatives de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie, les sanctions impos\u00e9es par les pays occidentaux suite \u00e0 l\u2019invasion de 2022 ont eu un impact direct sur l\u2019industrie, acc\u00e9l\u00e9rant la crise. L\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie consid\u00e8re que la demande mondiale de charbon a atteint son pic en 2024 et devrait rester stable jusqu\u2019en 2027, avant une probable baisse&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-266601' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-266601' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/a1ee7b75-d555-49b6-b580-17d64ccc8365\/Coal2024.pdf&quot;&gt;Coal 2024. Analysis and forecast to 2027&lt;\/a&gt;, Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, 5 d\u00e9cembre 2024.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les sanctions poussent de nombreux acheteurs internationaux de charbon russe \u00e0 se tourner vers d\u2019autres fournisseurs. En 2024, l\u2019Inde a r\u00e9duit ses achats de charbon russe de 37&#160;%, et la Chine de 13&#160;%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Afin de compenser le risque pour les acheteurs, les producteurs russes ont \u00e9galement la possibilit\u00e9 de proposer de vendre leur production au rabais. Dans le m\u00eame temps, leurs frais (notamment pour le transport ferroviaire) ont augment\u00e9 en raison de la surcharge du r\u00e9seau d\u00fb \u00e0 la guerre et \u00e0 l\u2019impact des sanctions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/WDxtB\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dans la r\u00e9gion de Kemerovo, qui repr\u00e9sente 60&#160;% de la production de charbon du pays et 80&#160;% pour le charbon \u00e0 coke, 8 entreprises charbonni\u00e8res ont cess\u00e9 leurs activit\u00e9s en 2024 et des centaines de mineurs n\u2019ont pas re\u00e7u leurs salaires (environ 220 millions de roubles d\u2019arri\u00e9r\u00e9s)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-266601' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-266601' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.moscowtimes.ru\/2025\/03\/03\/obem-torgov-mosbirzhi-v-fevrale-vyros-do-1325-trln-r-a156874&quot;&gt;\u0412 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0430\u0445\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0448\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Moscow Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 3 mars 2025.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En raison d\u2019un prix trop \u00e9lev\u00e9 caus\u00e9 par les sanctions, le charbon russe perd des parts de march\u00e9 en Chine au profit d\u2019autres concurrents comme l\u2019Australie et la Mongolie notamment, qui pourraient remplacer d\u00e8s cette ann\u00e9e Moscou, actuellement deuxi\u00e8me fournisseur de charbon au march\u00e9 chinois.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/3hKn0\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019une des solutions envisag\u00e9es par le Kremlin pour pallier la baisse des exportations est d\u2019augmenter la demande int\u00e9rieure en construisant de nouvelles centrales \u00e0 charbon pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-266601' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-266601' title='\u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043d et \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0432, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.vedomosti.ru\/business\/articles\/2023\/08\/25\/991818-v-rossii-k-2050-godu-dolya-uglya-v-generatsii-energii-mozhet-virasti&quot;&gt;\u0412 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043a 2050 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0433\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;\u0412\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438&lt;\/em&gt;, 25 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Officiellement, la Russie s\u2019est fix\u00e9 un objectif de neutralit\u00e9 carbone d\u2019ici 2060.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En raison des sanctions occidentales qui poussent les producteurs russes \u00e0 baisser leurs prix alors que leurs frais augmentent, le secteur du charbon a perdu 34 milliards de roubles l\u2019an dernier \u2014 devenant ainsi la seule industrie majeure non-rentable du pays. La fermeture de plusieurs entreprises charbonni\u00e8res en 2024 menace la stabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9conomie de plusieurs r\u00e9gions russes, notamment l\u2019oblast de Kemerovo, qui repr\u00e9sente 60&#160;% de la production de charbon du pays.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":266605,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3468],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[550],"class_list":["post-266601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-donnees-qui-changent-la-donne","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-russie"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":266605,"excerpt":"En raison des sanctions occidentales qui poussent les producteurs russes \u00e0 baisser leurs prix alors que leurs frais augmentent, le secteur du charbon a perdu 34 milliards de roubles l\u2019an dernier \u2014 devenant ainsi la seule industrie majeure non-rentable du pays. La fermeture de plusieurs entreprises charbonni\u00e8res en 2024 menace la stabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9conomie de plusieurs r\u00e9gions russes, notamment l\u2019oblast de Kemerovo, qui repr\u00e9sente 60 % de la production de charbon du pays.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00c9conomie russe : les sanctions \u00e9tranglent l&#039;industrie du charbon | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c9conomie russe : les sanctions \u00e9tranglent l&#039;industrie du charbon | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En raison des sanctions occidentales qui poussent les producteurs russes \u00e0 baisser leurs prix alors que leurs frais augmentent, le secteur du charbon a perdu 34 milliards de roubles l\u2019an dernier \u2014 devenant ainsi la seule industrie majeure non-rentable du pays. La fermeture de plusieurs entreprises charbonni\u00e8res en 2024 menace la stabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9conomie de plusieurs r\u00e9gions russes, notamment l\u2019oblast de Kemerovo, qui repr\u00e9sente 60&#160;% de la production de charbon du pays.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/03\/05\/economie-russe-les-sanctions-etranglent-lindustrie-du-charbon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-03-05T11:28:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-05T11:28:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/gc-share-charbon-russe-sanctions.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1908\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1066\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta 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