{"id":260384,"date":"2025-01-28T17:49:10","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T16:49:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=260384"},"modified":"2025-01-28T17:49:12","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T16:49:12","slug":"le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/","title":{"rendered":"Le plan de \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9portation massive&#160;\u00bb de Trump pourrait mener \u00e0 une suppression de 5&#160;% de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre am\u00e9ricaine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Depuis lundi 20 janvier, Trump a consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9tendu les pouvoirs dont disposent les autorit\u00e9s f\u00e9d\u00e9rales pour arr\u00eater, d\u00e9tenir et expulser les migrants en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re. Au cours de la semaine qui vient de s\u2019\u00e9couler, l\u2019Agence de police douani\u00e8re et de contr\u00f4le des fronti\u00e8res (ICE) a annonc\u00e9 avoir arr\u00eat\u00e9 plus de 3 500 personnes \u2014 soit une moyenne journali\u00e8re sup\u00e9rieure de 64&#160;% \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2024, sous l\u2019administration Biden&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-260384' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-260384' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ice.gov\/doclib\/eoy\/iceAnnualReportFY2024.pdf&quot;&gt;U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Fiscal Year 2024 Annual Report&lt;\/a&gt;, 19 d\u00e9cembre 2024.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Des raids conduits par diverses agences (ICE, DEA, FBI\u2026) ont eu lieu dans au moins une dizaine de grandes villes am\u00e9ricaines dont Chicago, Miami ou New York City ces derniers jours, supervis\u00e9s par le nouveau \u00ab&#160;tsar de la fronti\u00e8re&#160;\u00bb Tom Homan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00e8s le 20 janvier, <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/21\/trump-met-le-projet-2025-en-action-les-26-premiers-decrets-du-president-des-etats-unis\/\">Trump a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 une \u00ab&#160;urgence nationale&#160;\u00bb<\/a> \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re sud afin d\u2019utiliser des fonds allou\u00e9s aux activit\u00e9s du d\u00e9partement de la D\u00e9fense pour construire de nouvelles infrastructures, notamment le \u00ab&#160;mur&#160;\u00bb, \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re avec <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/trump-et-le-mexique-geopolitique-dune-semaine-imperiale\/\">le Mexique<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le lendemain, le d\u00e9partement de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 int\u00e9rieure a mis fin aux directives en vigueur sous Biden qui emp\u00eachaient les autorit\u00e9s de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 des arrestations dans et autour de lieux \u00ab&#160;sensibles&#160;\u00bb, comme des \u00e9glises ou des \u00e9coles&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-260384' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-260384' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/news\/2025\/01\/21\/statement-dhs-spokesperson-directives-expanding-law-enforcement-and-ending-abuse&quot;&gt;Statement from a DHS Spokesperson on Directives Expanding Law Enforcement and Ending the Abuse of Humanitarian Parole&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;sub&gt;, &lt;\/sub&gt;U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 21 janvier 2025.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/jlb6W\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Au cours de la campagne, Trump s\u2019est engag\u00e9 \u00e0 mener la \u00ab&#160;plus grande op\u00e9ration de d\u00e9portation de l\u2019histoire am\u00e9ricaine&#160;\u00bb en expulsant des millions de migrants en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re \u2014 soit jusqu\u2019\u00e0 11 millions de personnes. Au-del\u00e0 des obstacles mat\u00e9riels, financiers et juridiques qui compliqueraient l\u2019expulsion de toutes ces personnes, le plan de Trump et de ses alli\u00e9s est \u00e9galement susceptible de nuire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine et de contribuer \u00e0 une hausse de l\u2019inflation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/21kSr\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les travailleurs en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re sont essentiels \u00e0 plusieurs secteurs \u00e9conomiques comme l\u2019agriculture&#160;: en 2022, pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 des travailleurs agricoles du pays ne disposaient pas de la citoyennet\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine ni d&rsquo;autorisation de travailler l\u00e9galement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00e8s d\u2019un tiers des personnes travaillant dans la construction de b\u00e2timents sont \u00e9galement des travailleurs immigr\u00e9s. Leur expulsion pourrait conduire \u00e0 une baisse du nombre de logements mis sur le march\u00e9 \u2014 qui a baiss\u00e9 de moiti\u00e9 depuis 2006 \u2014 et ainsi entretenir la hausse du co\u00fbt d\u2019achat et de location contre laquelle Trump s\u2019est engag\u00e9 \u00e0 agir.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon les donn\u00e9es du Pew Research Center, plus de 8 millions de ces migrants irr\u00e9guliers ont un travail ou bien en cherchent activement un, ce qui repr\u00e9sente pr\u00e8s de 5&#160;% de la main-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre totale du pays&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-260384' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-260384' title='effrey S. Passel et Jens Manuel Krogstad, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2024\/07\/22\/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us\/&quot;&gt;What we know about unauthorized immigrants living in the U.S.&lt;\/a&gt;, Pew Research Center, 22 juillet 2024.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Llz8J\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 du caract\u00e8re inflationniste d&rsquo;une telle op\u00e9ration, le plan de Trump pourrait \u00e9galement se heurter \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis logistiques et financiers. Selon l&rsquo;American Immigration Council, m\u00eame \u00e0 un rythme d&rsquo;expulsion d&rsquo;un million de personnes par an \u2013 ce qui semble impossible \u00e0 ce jour \u2014, cela prendrait plus de dix ans et co\u00fbterait 88 milliards de dollars par an (soit presque quatre fois le budget de la NASA), pour un co\u00fbt total de 967,9 milliards de dollars&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-260384' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-260384' title='American Immigration Council, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org\/research\/mass-deportation&quot;&gt;Mass Deportation Devastating Costs to America, Its Budget and Economy&lt;\/a&gt;, 2 octobre 2024.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. En 2019, sous l\u2019administration Trump, l\u2019United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement avait d\u00e9port\u00e9 au total 267 000 migrants sans papiers, un pic pour son premier mandat. Sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2024, pour l\u2019administration d\u00e9mocrate ce chiffre se situe \u00e0 271 484.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sur les 11 millions de migrants vivant en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re aux \u00c9tats-Unis, plus de 8 millions sont ins\u00e9r\u00e9s sur le march\u00e9 du travail \u2013 soit 5&#160;&#160;% du total de la main-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre du pays. En mena\u00e7ant de \u00ab&#160;&#160;d\u00e9porter des millions&#160;&#160;\u00bb de migrants, le plan de Trump pourrait conduire \u00e0 une augmentation des prix et nuire \u00e0 la croissance de l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine, dont certains secteurs-clefs reposent en grande partie sur ces travailleurs. <\/p>\n<p>Pour appliquer son plan, l\u2019administration Trump se heurte non seulement \u00e0 des difficult\u00e9s logistiques, mais aussi \u00e0 des co\u00fbts financiers consid\u00e9rables&#160;&#160;: selon des estimations, la d\u00e9portation d\u2019un million de migrants en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re par an co\u00fbterait 88 milliards de dollars, soit presque quatre fois le budget de la NASA. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":260389,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-260384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le plan de \u00abd\u00e9portation massive\u00bb de Trump pourrait mener \u00e0 une suppression de 5 % de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre am\u00e9ricaine | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/01\/28\/le-plan-de-deportation-massive-de-trump-pourrait-mener-a-une-suppression-de-5-de-la-main-doeuvre-americaine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le plan de \u00abd\u00e9portation massive\u00bb de Trump pourrait mener \u00e0 une suppression de 5 % de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre am\u00e9ricaine | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sur les 11 millions de migrants vivant en situation irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re aux \u00c9tats-Unis, plus de 8 millions sont ins\u00e9r\u00e9s sur le march\u00e9 du travail \u2013 soit 5&#160;% du total de la main-d&#039;\u0153uvre du pays. 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