{"id":252430,"date":"2024-11-20T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T11:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=252430"},"modified":"2024-11-20T12:01:56","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T11:01:56","slug":"depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/","title":{"rendered":"Depuis 1850, la Chine a \u00e9mis plus de CO\u2082 que l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00c0 Rio de Janeiro, en juin 1992, un texte-clef a \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9 par 154 pays&#160;: la convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques. Ce document, sign\u00e9 aujourd\u2019hui par 198 Parties, reconnaissait le r\u00f4le historique jou\u00e9 par les \u00ab&#160;pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s&#160;\u00bb dans la pollution plan\u00e9taire depuis le XIXe si\u00e8cle. Ces derniers s\u2019accordaient alors sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de \u00ab&#160;fournir des ressources financi\u00e8res nouvelles et additionnelles pour couvrir la totalit\u00e9 des co\u00fbts convenus encourus par les pays en d\u00e9veloppement&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-252430' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-252430' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/unfccc.int\/resource\/docs\/convkp\/conveng.pdf&quot;&gt;United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change&lt;\/a&gt;, 1992.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/iHIhB\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Suite au retrait de la Turquie en 2001, 23 pays figurent depuis sur la liste dite de \u00ab&#160;l\u2019Annexe I&#160;\u00bb&#160;: 18 pays europ\u00e9ens, l\u2019Australie, le Canada, les \u00c9tats-Unis, le Japon et la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En 2009, \u00e0 Copenhague, ces derniers se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 mobiliser 100 milliards de dollars par an d\u2019ici 2020 pour financer la lutte contre le changement climatique dans les pays les plus pauvres. Cet objectif a \u00e9t\u00e9 atteint pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/YRlqG\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le montant des financements climats fait l\u2019objet d\u2019intenses discussions \u00e0 la COP 29, qui se d\u00e9roule en ce moment en Azerba\u00efdjan. Depuis que la premi\u00e8re cible a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9e en 2009, le montant estim\u00e9 n\u00e9cessaire pour financer la transition a consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9, et se situerait aujourd\u2019hui entre 500 et 1 000 milliards par an. \u00c0 Bakou, la cible de 200 milliards actuellement en discussion a \u00e9t\u00e9 fermement rejet\u00e9e par les principaux pays en d\u00e9veloppement&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-252430' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-252430' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2024\/11\/20\/cop29-bulletin-day-9-developing-nations-draw-super-red-line-on-climate-finance-goal\/&quot;&gt;COP29 Bulletin Day 9&amp;#160;: Developing nations draw \u201csuper red line\u201d on climate finance goal&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Climate Home News&lt;\/em&gt;, 20 novembre 2024.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La Chine, dont les \u00e9missions cumul\u00e9es de CO\u2082 depuis 1850 ont d\u00e9pass\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois l\u2019an dernier celles de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, fait partie des pays \u00ab&#160;en d\u00e9veloppement&#160;\u00bb ayant qualifi\u00e9 cette cible \u00ab&#160;d\u2019inacceptable&#160;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selon les chiffres de la derni\u00e8re mise \u00e0 jour du jeu de donn\u00e9es coordonn\u00e9 par le chercheur de l\u2019universit\u00e9 d&rsquo;East Anglia Matthew Jones, la Chine a \u00e9mis dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re 316 gigatonnes d&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent CO\u2082 depuis le milieu du XIXe si\u00e8cle, contre 307 pour les pays europ\u00e9ens&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-252430' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-252430' title='Jones &lt;em&gt;et. al.&lt;\/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/14054503&quot;&gt;National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide&lt;\/a&gt;, 13 novembre 2024.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les \u00c9tats-Unis demeurent de loin le premier \u00e9metteur historique de CO\u2082, avec 536 GtCO\u2082eq depuis 1850. Les projections bas\u00e9es sur les chiffres du sc\u00e9nario STEPS de l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie sugg\u00e8rent que la Chine devrait cependant rattraper les \u00c9tats-Unis \u2014 sans pour autant les d\u00e9passer \u2014 d\u2019ici 2075&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-252430' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-252430' title='Simon Evans et Verner Viisainen, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.carbonbrief.org\/analysis-chinas-emissions-have-now-caused-more-global-warming-than-eu\/&quot;&gt;Analysis&amp;#160;: China\u2019s emissions have now caused more global warming than EU&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Carbon Brief&lt;\/em&gt;, 19 novembre 2024.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/maEFC\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que la Chine ne fasse pas partie des contributeurs aux financements climats reconnus par la CCNUCC, l\u2019Overseas Development Institute (ODI) estime que P\u00e9kin a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 hauteur de 1,2 milliard de dollars aux financements climat en 2020 via des banques de d\u00e9veloppement multilat\u00e9rales ainsi que divers fonds \u2014 soit plus que la Norv\u00e8ge, la Suisse ou l\u2019Australie&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-252430' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co%e2%82%82-que-lunion-europeenne\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-252430' title='Sarah Colenbrander, Laetitia Pettinotti, Yue Cao, Michai Robertson, Merylyn Hedger et Lorena Gonzalez, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/media.odi.org\/documents\/ODI_The_new_collective_quantified_goal_and_sources_of_funding.pdf&quot;&gt;The New Collective Quantified Goal and its sources of funding. Operationalising a collective effort&lt;\/a&gt;, Overseas Development Institute (ODI), octobre 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Le chiffre final des financements climats apport\u00e9s par la Chine est certainement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 en prenant en compte les flux bilat\u00e9raux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019an dernier, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, les \u00e9missions historiques cumul\u00e9es de CO\u2082 rejet\u00e9es par la Chine ont d\u00e9pass\u00e9 celles des pays europ\u00e9ens. Depuis que la liste des \u00ab&#160;&#160;pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s&#160;&#160;\u00bb contribuant aux financements climats a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9e en 1992, les \u00e9missions chinoises ont cr\u00fb consid\u00e9rablement, tandis que celles des pays europ\u00e9ens ont ralenti. \u00c0 Bakou, o\u00f9 la COP29 est en cours, la Chine n\u00e9gocie toujours dans le bloc des \u00ab&#160;&#160;pays en d\u00e9veloppement&#160;&#160;\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":252445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3468],"tags":[],"geo":[531],"class_list":["post-252430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-donnees-qui-changent-la-donne","geo-chine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Depuis 1850, la Chine a \u00e9mis plus de CO\u2082 que l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/11\/20\/depuis-1850-la-chine-a-emis-plus-de-co\u2082-que-lunion-europeenne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Depuis 1850, la Chine a \u00e9mis plus de CO\u2082 que l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019an dernier, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, les \u00e9missions historiques cumul\u00e9es de CO\u2082 rejet\u00e9es par la Chine ont d\u00e9pass\u00e9 celles des pays europ\u00e9ens. 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