{"id":243236,"date":"2024-08-24T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=243236"},"modified":"2024-08-23T20:49:39","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T18:49:39","slug":"comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment l&rsquo;annexion de la Crim\u00e9e et l&rsquo;invasion russe \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle ont conduit les Ukrainiens \u00e0 repenser leur vision de l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Selon un sondage r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par le Kyiv International Institute of Sociology, on observe entre 2013 et 2024 une \u00e9volution de la mani\u00e8re dont les Ukrainiens per\u00e7oivent l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Si en 2013, 40&#160;% des Ukrainiens consid\u00e9raient que l&rsquo;Ukraine \u00e9tait un \u00c9tat durant la p\u00e9riode sovi\u00e9tique, en 2024 ce chiffre a chut\u00e9 \u00e0 26&#160;%, tandis que la proportion de ceux estimant que l&rsquo;Ukraine a \u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9e de son statut d&rsquo;\u00c9tat avant 1991 a consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9, passant de 36&#160;% \u00e0 55&#160;%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/fYos8\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En 2013, la perception que l&rsquo;Ukraine avait \u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9e de son statut d&rsquo;\u00c9tat \u00e9tait dominante principalement dans l&rsquo;Ouest du pays (58&#160;%). Ce chiffre se situait \u00e0 30&#160;% dans le Centre et le Nord, \u00e0 28&#160;% au Sud et 23&#160;% \u00e0 l&rsquo;Est.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En 2024, ce chiffre atteint 54&#160;% dans le Centre\/Nord et le Sud, 45&#160;% dans l&rsquo;Est, et 60&#160;% dans l&rsquo;Ouest du pays.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/D3db9\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ce changement exprime une convergence des perceptions \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle r\u00e9gionale et est sans doute le r\u00e9sultat des d\u00e9fis que traverse l&rsquo;Ukraine depuis l\u2019annexion de la Crim\u00e9e par la Russie, en 2014, et l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Les historiens ukrainiens ont pourtant des approches diff\u00e9rentes et il n&rsquo;existe actuellement aucun consensus \u00e9tabli sur la question.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/giD8r\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En effet, le processus de d\u00e9communisation en Ukraine a connu plusieurs phases, chacune refl\u00e9tant les changements sociaux profonds de ces trois derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La premi\u00e8re vague a commenc\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, et s\u2019est traduite par des changements dans les programmes d&rsquo;enseignement, notamment la suppression de l&rsquo;id\u00e9ologie communiste, l&rsquo;abolition de la censure\u2026 L&rsquo;une des \u00e9tapes symboliques a \u00e9t\u00e9 la d\u00e9molition du monument \u00e0 la Grande R\u00e9volution socialiste d&rsquo;octobre, \u00e0 Kiev.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La deuxi\u00e8me vague a commenc\u00e9 en 2007 sous le pr\u00e9sident Iouchtchenko, avec\u00a0 le retrait des espaces publics de monuments associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des figures sovi\u00e9tiques responsables de la r\u00e9pression politique et de l&rsquo;Holodomor.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La troisi\u00e8me vague a commenc\u00e9 pendant la R\u00e9volution de la Dignit\u00e9 en 2013, lorsque les monuments de L\u00e9nine ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9molis dans tout le pays.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le processus a culmin\u00e9 avec l&rsquo;adoption, le 9 avril 2015, d&rsquo;une loi condamnant les r\u00e9gimes totalitaires et interdisant leur propagande. Cette derni\u00e8re a conf\u00e9r\u00e9 au processus un caract\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique, visant \u00e0 supprimer les symboles communistes de l&rsquo;espace public et \u00e0 renommer les localit\u00e9s, les rues et les institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon l&rsquo;Institut ukrainien de la m\u00e9moire nationale, cinq ans apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;entr\u00e9e en vigueur de la loi de d\u00e9communisation, 51 000 toponymes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 chang\u00e9s en Ukraine, dont pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un millier de localit\u00e9s, et environ 2 500 monuments et m\u00e9moriaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9mantel\u00e9s ou retir\u00e9s de l&rsquo;espace public, dont plus de 1 300 monuments \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire de L\u00e9nine&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-243236' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-243236' title='\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u2019\u044f\u0442\u0456, \u201c&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/uinp.gov.ua\/pres-centr\/novyny\/9-kvitnya-vypovnylosya-5-rokiv-yak-v-ukrayini-rozpochalasya-dekomunizaciya-na-zakonodavchomu-rivni&quot;&gt;9 \u043a\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f 5 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456&lt;\/a&gt;\u201d, 9 avril 2020.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Au cours de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2022, au moins 7 652 toponymes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 renomm\u00e9s dans 14 r\u00e9gions&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-243236' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-243236' title='\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u2019\u044f\u0442\u0456, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/uinp.gov.ua\/pres-centr\/novyny\/mkip-ta-uinp-pidbyly-pidsumky-za-rik-shchodo-podolannya-naslidkiv-rusyfikaciyi-y-totalitaryzmu&quot;&gt;\u041c\u041a\u0406\u041f \u0442\u0430 \u0423\u0406\u041d\u041f \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u043a \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0443&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, 30 d\u00e9cembre 2022.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le 21 mars 2023, le Parlement a adopt\u00e9 la loi \u00ab&#160;Sur la condamnation et l&rsquo;interdiction de la propagande de la politique imp\u00e9riale russe en Ukraine et sur la d\u00e9colonisation des noms de lieux&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-243236' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-243236' title='\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u2019\u044f\u0442\u0456, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/uinp.gov.ua\/pro-instytut\/zvity\/zvit-za-2023-rik&quot;&gt;\u0417\u0432\u0456\u0442 \u0437\u0430 2023 \u0440\u0456\u043a&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De 2013 \u00e0 2024, les Ukrainiens ont r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9 leur histoire. Ce changement de perception, nourri par les bouleversements politiques et par la guerre, touche d\u00e9sormais toutes les r\u00e9gions du pays, alors que l&rsquo;Ukraine c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aujourd\u2019hui, samedi 24 ao\u00fbt, son Ind\u00e9pendance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":243238,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3116],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[],"class_list":["post-243236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-la-guerre-en-ukraine-au-jour-le-jour","editorial_format-actu-breves"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":243238,"excerpt":"De 2013 \u00e0 2024, les Ukrainiens ont r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9 leur histoire. Ce changement de perception, nourri par les bouleversements politiques et par la guerre, touche d\u00e9sormais toutes les r\u00e9gions du pays, alors que l'Ukraine c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aujourd\u2019hui, samedi 24 ao\u00fbt, son Ind\u00e9pendance.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comment l&#039;annexion de la Crim\u00e9e et l&#039;invasion russe \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle ont conduit les Ukrainiens \u00e0 repenser leur vision de l&#039;ind\u00e9pendance | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment l&#039;annexion de la Crim\u00e9e et l&#039;invasion russe \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle ont conduit les Ukrainiens \u00e0 repenser leur vision de l&#039;ind\u00e9pendance | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"De 2013 \u00e0 2024, les Ukrainiens ont r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9 leur histoire. Ce changement de perception, nourri par les bouleversements politiques et par la guerre, touche d\u00e9sormais toutes les r\u00e9gions du pays, alors que l&#039;Ukraine c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aujourd\u2019hui, samedi 24 ao\u00fbt, son Ind\u00e9pendance.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/08\/24\/comment-lannexion-de-la-crimee-et-linvasion-russe-a-grande-echelle-ont-conduit-les-ukrainiens-a-repenser-leur-vision-de-lindependance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-24T06:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/Capture-decran-2024-08-23-a-20.48.15.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1814\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1010\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" 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