{"id":230880,"date":"2024-05-31T14:12:20","date_gmt":"2024-05-31T12:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=230880"},"modified":"2024-05-31T14:12:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-31T12:12:21","slug":"pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/","title":{"rendered":"Pour financer sa guerre, Poutine entreprend la plus grande r\u00e9forme fiscale depuis deux d\u00e9cennies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Entre 2021 et 2023, les <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/04\/22\/les-depenses-militaires-de-la-russie-representent-8-de-celles-de-lotan\/\">d\u00e9penses militaires russes<\/a> ont augment\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s de 60&#160;%, atteignant 126,5 milliards de dollars (constants) l\u2019an dernier. En cons\u00e9quence, la part repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e par les d\u00e9penses de d\u00e9fense dans les d\u00e9penses publiques a elle aussi connu une hausse consid\u00e9rable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/js9U8\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/13\/transformer-la-russie-en-economie-de-guerre-comprendre-la-nomination-dandrei-belooussov-a-la-tete-de-la-defense\/\">nomination d\u2019Andre\u00ef Belooussov \u00e0 la t\u00eate du minist\u00e8re de la D\u00e9fense<\/a> le 14 mai laisse penser que Vladimir Poutine entend gagner la guerre dans le temps long. Pour ce faire, le pr\u00e9sident russe entreprend une r\u00e9vision en profondeur de <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/01\/31\/soutenue-par-les-revenus-petroliers-leconomie-russe-se-maintient\/\">l\u2019\u00e9conomie russe<\/a> afin de la rendre plus r\u00e9siliente face aux sanctions et \u00e0 m\u00eame de produire plus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le minist\u00e8re des Finances russe a soumis cette semaine au gouvernement un ensemble de projets de loi visant \u00e0 modifier le syst\u00e8me fiscal. Ces changements concerneront les citoyens ayant des revenus mensuels sup\u00e9rieurs ou \u00e9gaux \u00e0 200 000 roubles (soit un peu plus de 2 000 euros) \u2014 ce qui repr\u00e9sente aujourd\u2019hui 3&#160;% de la population active&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-230880' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-230880' title='Dmitri Grinkevitch, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.vedomosti.ru\/economics\/articles\/2024\/05\/28\/1040099-vlasti-raskrili-parametri-sistemnih-nalogovih-izmenenii&quot;&gt;\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Vedomosti&lt;\/em&gt;, 28 mai 2024.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Il s\u2019agit de la r\u00e9forme fiscale la plus importante depuis plus de deux d\u00e9cennies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/entTY\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La Russie applique actuellement un taux d\u2019imposition unique de 13&#160;%. Pour les quelques contribuables dont les revenus sont sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 5 millions de roubles par an, le taux est de 15&#160;%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon les donn\u00e9es de la Tax Foundation, seuls quatre pays europ\u00e9ens \u2014 la Bulgarie, la Roumanie, la Moldavie et la Hongrie \u2014 disposent d\u2019un imp\u00f4t sur le revenu maximal inf\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 15&#160;%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le minist\u00e8re des Finances propose \u00e9galement d&rsquo;augmenter l&rsquo;imp\u00f4t sur les revenus des entreprises de 20 \u00e0 25&#160;%&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-230880' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-230880' title='Anastasia Korochkina et Katia Zagvozdkina, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.forbes.ru\/finansy\/513500-minfin-vnes-v-pravitel-stvo-paket-zakonoproektov-o-progressivnoj-skale-ndfl&quot;&gt;\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u041d\u0414\u0424\u041b&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Forbes&lt;\/em&gt;, 28 mai 2024.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/bQejC\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La r\u00e9forme propos\u00e9e \u00e9tablira des \u00e9chelons suppl\u00e9mentaires dont le montant maximal d\u2019imposition sera port\u00e9 \u00e0 22&#160;% pour les revenus sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 50 millions de roubles. Le taux de 13&#160;% sera conserv\u00e9 pour les revenus allant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 2,4 millions, les revenus jusqu\u2019\u00e0 5 millions seront tax\u00e9s \u00e0 hauteur de 15&#160;%, puis 18&#160;% jusqu\u2019\u00e0 20 millions et 20&#160;% jusqu\u2019\u00e0 5 millions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le gouvernement s\u2019attend \u00e0 ce que cette r\u00e9forme engrange des recettes budg\u00e9taires suppl\u00e9mentaires de 2,6 billions de roubles par an.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L&rsquo;augmentation n&rsquo;affectera pas les combattants en Ukraine, dont les salaires sont pourtant plusieurs fois sup\u00e9rieurs au salaire moyen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/3HssJ\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le gouvernement argue que le taux maximal de 22&#160;% demeurerait inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui en place dans la plupart des pays \u2014 bien que le bar\u00e8me progressif russe ne pr\u00e9voit pas d\u2019exemptions d\u2019imp\u00f4t, mais seulement un remboursement partiel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon l&rsquo;analyste de Bloomberg Economics Alexander Isakov, l\u2019augmentation propos\u00e9e est \u00ab&#160;modeste&#160;\u00bb par rapport \u00e0 une nouvelle hausse qui pourrait atteindre 30 \u00e0 35&#160;% lors du prochain cycle \u00e9lectoral&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-230880' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-230880' title='Olga Shamina et Victoria Safronova, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/russian\/articles\/ce44rz7j3z7o&quot;&gt;\u0412 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0443&amp;#160;?&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;BBC&lt;\/em&gt;, 29 mai 2024.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>En raison de l&rsquo;inflation et de la croissance acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e des salaires nominaux depuis le d\u00e9but de la guerre, de plus en plus de Russes devraient \u00eatre concern\u00e9s par la r\u00e9forme. Fin 2023, le salaire moyen russe a augment\u00e9 de 7,3&#160;% par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente \u2014 soit la croissance annuelle la plus forte de cinq derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-230880' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-230880' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/rosstat.gov.ru\/storage\/mediabank\/osn-01-2024.pdf&quot;&gt;\u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438&lt;\/a&gt;, Service f\u00e9d\u00e9ral des statistiques de l&amp;rsquo;\u00c9tat russe, janvier 2024.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/vQmlj\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le gouvernement doit \u00e9tudier le paquet puis le transmettre \u00e0 la Douma d&rsquo;\u00c9tat, o\u00f9 il sera examin\u00e9 d&rsquo;ici le 5 ao\u00fbt au plus tard. Une fois le projet de loi adopt\u00e9, celui-ci sera transmis au Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration et devra ensuite \u00eatre sign\u00e9 par Vladimir Poutine, pour une entr\u00e9e en vigueur pr\u00e9vue en janvier 2025.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Face \u00e0 la perspective d\u2019une guerre longue, le Kremlin modifie en profondeur l\u2019\u00e9conomie russe. Apr\u00e8s avoir nomm\u00e9 Andre\u00ef Belooussov \u00e0 la t\u00eate de la D\u00e9fense, Poutine a initi\u00e9 cette semaine la plus grande r\u00e9forme du syst\u00e8me fiscal russe depuis le d\u00e9but du si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":230883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[550],"class_list":["post-230880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","geo-russie"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pour financer sa guerre, Poutine entreprend la plus grande r\u00e9forme fiscale depuis deux d\u00e9cennies | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pour financer sa guerre, Poutine entreprend la plus grande r\u00e9forme fiscale depuis deux d\u00e9cennies | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Face \u00e0 la perspective d\u2019une guerre longue, le Kremlin modifie en profondeur l\u2019\u00e9conomie russe. Apr\u00e8s avoir nomm\u00e9 Andre\u00ef Belooussov \u00e0 la t\u00eate de la D\u00e9fense, Poutine a initi\u00e9 cette semaine la plus grande r\u00e9forme du syst\u00e8me fiscal russe depuis le d\u00e9but du si\u00e8cle.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2024\/05\/31\/pour-financer-sa-guerre-poutine-entreprend-la-plus-grande-reforme-fiscale-depuis-deux-decennies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-31T12:12:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-31T12:12:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/05\/gc-reforme-fiscale-RU-e1717157301626.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1898\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1068\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" 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