{"id":213016,"date":"2023-12-22T12:37:50","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T11:37:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=213016"},"modified":"2024-03-22T11:32:38","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T10:32:38","slug":"le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/","title":{"rendered":"Le dilemme de l\u2019explosion de la production de p\u00e9trole am\u00e9ricaine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Depuis quelques semaines, la production am\u00e9ricaine de p\u00e9trole brut se situe \u00e0 des niveaux jamais atteints par n\u2019importe quel autre pays au cours de l\u2019histoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selon les donn\u00e9es hebdomadaires de l\u2019Energy Information Administration, la production a atteint 13,3 millions de barils de p\u00e9trole brut par jour au d\u00e9but du mois de d\u00e9cembre.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ce rythme de production est sup\u00e9rieur au record atteint en mars 2020 sous le mandat de Donald Trump, qui avait laiss\u00e9 place \u00e0 une forte baisse au cours des mois suivants en raison de la pand\u00e9mie avant de progressivement remonter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Au-del\u00e0 de la production elle-m\u00eame, les exportations am\u00e9ricaines de p\u00e9trole s\u2019approchent de la production totale d\u2019acteurs majeurs comme la Russie ou l\u2019Arabie saoudite&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-213016' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-213016' title='Mat Egan, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2023\/12\/19\/business\/us-production-oil-reserves-crude\/index.html&quot;&gt;The United States is producing more oil than any country in history&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;CNN&lt;\/em&gt;, 19 d\u00e9cembre 2023.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ZeGVV\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En raison de cette forte augmentation \u2014 la production am\u00e9ricaine repr\u00e9sente d\u00e9sormais 1\u20448 \u00e8me de la production globale \u2014, le prix du baril reste relativement bas pour la p\u00e9riode malgr\u00e9 les baisses annonc\u00e9es par l\u2019OPEP+. Le 30 novembre, l\u2019organisation annon\u00e7ait qu\u2019elle allait r\u00e9duire sa production de 900 000 barils par jour au cours du premier trimestre\u00a0 2024 dans un effort visant \u00e0 enrayer la baisse des prix&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-213016' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-213016' title='Myles McCormick et Jamie Smyth, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/3a1bbb09-863c-4c51-a8c0-31eac536b938&quot;&gt;Oil market caught by surprise as US output surges&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 d\u00e9cembre 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/kION2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette position a d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 des effets sur l\u2019organisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jeudi 21 d\u00e9cembre, l\u2019Angola annon\u00e7ait quitter l\u2019OPEP en raison d\u2019un diff\u00e9rend portant sur les quotas de production&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-213016' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-213016' title='Grant Smith et Candido Mendes, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2023-12-21\/angola-announces-exit-from-opec-jornal-de-angola-reports?cmpid=BBD122123_MKT&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_source=newsletter&amp;amp;utm_term=231221&amp;amp;utm_campaign=marketsasia&quot;&gt;Angola Quits OPEC Amid Disagreement Over Oil Production Quotas&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 21 d\u00e9cembre 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette sortie n\u2019aura probablement qu\u2019un impact limit\u00e9 sur les march\u00e9s et la stabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019organisation, l\u2019Angola \u00e9tant un producteur bien plus marginal que l\u2019Arabie saoudite ou les \u00c9mirats arabes unis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si la sortie de l\u2019Angola de l\u2019OPEP ne peut \u00eatre uniquement rattach\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019explosion de la production am\u00e9ricaine, elle t\u00e9moigne n\u00e9anmoins de la difficult\u00e9 de l\u2019organisation \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des conditions \u00e9conomiques favorables pour ses membres dans le cas d\u2019une baisse des prix occasionn\u00e9e par un acteur externe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019augmentation de la production am\u00e9ricaine de p\u00e9trole vise avant tout \u00e0 contribuer \u00e0 la baisse des prix \u00e0 la pompe pour les consommateurs. Le prix du gallon d\u2019essence a substantiellement augment\u00e9 suite \u00e0 l\u2019invasion russe de l\u2019Ukraine, atteignant 5$ en moyenne \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle nationale en juin 2022, soit son niveau le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 depuis dix ans&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-213016' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-213016' title='Bethania Palma, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.snopes.com\/news\/2022\/06\/08\/us-gas-price-gasoline\/&quot;&gt;Was US Average Gas Price in June 2022 the Highest It&amp;rsquo;s Ever Been&amp;#160;?&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Snopes&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 juin 2022.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Sy2rn\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Tandis que de nombreux sondages indiquent que les \u00e9lecteurs am\u00e9ricains ne sont pas satisfaits du bilan \u00e9conomique de Joe Biden, l\u2019administration d\u00e9mocrate a utilis\u00e9 plusieurs outils \u00e0 sa disposition pour faire baisser les prix de l\u2019essence&#160;:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019administration Biden a pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 180 millions de barils de sa r\u00e9serve strat\u00e9gique (SPR), qui est d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/28\/a-quoi-est-due-la-hausse-du-prix-du-petrole\/\">son niveau le plus bas depuis 1983<\/a>&#160;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019application des sanctions \u00e0 l\u2019encontre du Venezuela et de l\u2019Iran a \u00e9t\u00e9 assouplie&#160;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La Maison-Blanche a \u00ab&#160;fait pression&#160;\u00bb sur les entreprises p\u00e9troli\u00e8res am\u00e9ricaines afin qu\u2019elles augmentent leur production&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-213016' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-213016' title='Rog\u00e9 Karma, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/ideas\/archive\/2023\/12\/us-producing-more-oil-climate-change\/676893\/&quot;&gt;Why the U.S. Is Pumping More Oil Than Any Country in History&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Atlantic&lt;\/em&gt;, 20 d\u00e9cembre 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/MPLLB\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si cette situation n\u2019est pas in\u00e9dite, elle n\u2019en demeure pas moins paradoxale&#160;: afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer son image vis-\u00e0-vis des \u00e9lecteurs dans la perspective des <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-defaite-de-trump-ne-changera-pas-la-nature-du-parti-republicain-une-conversation-avec-julian-zelizer\/\">\u00e9lections de 2024<\/a>, Biden encourage l\u2019augmentation de la production de p\u00e9trole malgr\u00e9 sa priorit\u00e9 affich\u00e9e de lutte contre le changement climatique. Lors de la <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/13\/que-contient-laccord-sur-le-bilan-mondial-approuve-a-la-cop-28\/\">COP 28 de Duba\u00ef<\/a>, les \u00c9tats-Unis et presque 200 autres pays se sont engag\u00e9s en faveur d\u2019une \u00ab&#160;transition hors des \u00e9nergies fossiles dans les syst\u00e8mes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques&#160;\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La production am\u00e9ricaine de p\u00e9trole est plus importante que celle de n\u2019importe quel autre pays au cours de l\u2019histoire. Malgr\u00e9 la priorit\u00e9 affich\u00e9e de l\u2019administration Biden de lutte contre le changement climatique, la Maison-Blanche mise sur la baisse du prix de l\u2019essence pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019image du pr\u00e9sident aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9lecteurs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":213023,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"_lgc_tts_source":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-213016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":213023,"excerpt":"La production am\u00e9ricaine de p\u00e9trole est plus importante que celle de n\u2019importe quel autre pays au cours de l\u2019histoire. Malgr\u00e9 la priorit\u00e9 affich\u00e9e de l\u2019administration Biden de lutte contre le changement climatique, la Maison-Blanche mise sur la baisse du prix de l\u2019essence pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019image du pr\u00e9sident aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9lecteurs.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le dilemme de l\u2019explosion de la production de p\u00e9trole am\u00e9ricaine | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le dilemme de l\u2019explosion de la production de p\u00e9trole am\u00e9ricaine | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La production am\u00e9ricaine de p\u00e9trole est plus importante que celle de n\u2019importe quel autre pays au cours de l\u2019histoire. Malgr\u00e9 la priorit\u00e9 affich\u00e9e de l\u2019administration Biden de lutte contre le changement climatique, la Maison-Blanche mise sur la baisse du prix de l\u2019essence pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019image du pr\u00e9sident aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9lecteurs.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/22\/le-dilemme-de-lexplosion-de-la-production-de-petrole-americaine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-12-22T11:37:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-22T10:32:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/12\/gc-dilemme-production-petrole-US-e1703244705427.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1453\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"811\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" 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