{"id":211838,"date":"2023-12-11T18:14:48","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T17:14:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=211838"},"modified":"2023-12-11T18:14:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T17:14:50","slug":"la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/","title":{"rendered":"La Norv\u00e8ge progresse vers l\u2019exploitation de ses fonds marins, malgr\u00e9 les risques environnementaux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019accord conclu mardi 5 d\u00e9cembre entre le gouvernement au pouvoir en Norv\u00e8ge \u2014 Parti travailliste (Ap) et Parti du Centre (Sp) au Storting \u2014, le Parti conservateur H\u00f8yre et le Parti du progr\u00e8s (FrP), devrait ouvrir la voie \u00e0 des missions d\u2019exploration puis \u00e0 l\u2019exploitation des fonds marins arctiques situ\u00e9s sur le plateau continental norv\u00e9gien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En juin, le gouvernement norv\u00e9gien a soumis un rapport au Storting visant \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter les potentiels b\u00e9n\u00e9fices li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019exploitation des ressources contenues dans les fonds marins&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-211838' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.regjeringen.no\/contentassets\/e0d0706a51274b598e4ef832545e59d3\/nn-no\/pdfs\/stm202220230025000dddpdfs.pdf&quot;&gt;Meld. St. 25 (2022 \u20132023) Melding til Stortinget, Mineralverksemd p\u00e5 norsk kontinentalsokkel \u2013 opning av areal og strategi for forvaltning av ressursane&lt;\/a&gt;, Minist\u00e8re norv\u00e9gien du P\u00e9trole et de l\u2019\u00c9nergie.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Celui-ci faisait notamment suite \u00e0 une \u00e9tude de janvier 2023 ayant conduit \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte d\u2019une quantit\u00e9 \u00ab&#160;substantielle&#160;\u00bb de m\u00e9taux et min\u00e9raux dont la demande devrait augmenter au cours des prochaines ann\u00e9es en raison des besoins suscit\u00e9s par la <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/01\/cop28-ou-en-sommes-nous-en-10-points-et-21-cartes-et-graphiques\/\">transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/a>&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-211838' title='Nerijus Adomaitis, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/commodities\/norway-finds-substantial-mineral-resources-its-seabed-2023-01-27\/&quot;&gt;Norway finds &amp;lsquo;substantial&amp;rsquo; mineral resources on its seabed&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Reuters&lt;\/em&gt;, 27 janvier 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019accord devrait faire l\u2019objet d\u2019un vote au Parlement au d\u00e9but du mois de janvier. Celui-ci stipule notamment que les projets d\u2019extraction devront respecter des crit\u00e8res de \u00ab&#160;s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale&#160;\u00bb pour que les permis soient octroy\u00e9s \u2014 ce qui devrait permettre de barrer potentiellement la voie \u00e0 des entreprises russes ou chinoises&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-211838' title='Elisabeth Bergskaug, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.altinget.no\/klima\/artikkel\/enighet-om-aapning-for-havbunnsmineraler-en-skamplett-for-norges-havforvaltning&quot;&gt;Enighet om \u00e5pning for havbunnsmineraler&amp;#160;: \u2013 En skamplett for Norges havforvaltning&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Altinget&lt;\/em&gt;, 5 d\u00e9cembre 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/xO3te\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La Direction norv\u00e9gienne du p\u00e9trole \u2014 l&rsquo;agence gouvernementale en charge de la r\u00e9glementation des ressources p\u00e9troli\u00e8res sur le plateau continental norv\u00e9gien \u2014 esp\u00e8re pouvoir extraire de ces fonds marins 185 millions de tonnes de mangan\u00e8se, 45 millions de tonnes de zinc, 38 millions de tonnes de cuivre, 229 000 tonnes de lithium&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-211838' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.npd.no\/en\/whats-new\/news\/general-news\/2023\/seabed-minerals-substantial-resources-on-the-norwegian-shelf\/&quot;&gt;Seabed minerals&amp;#160;: Substantial resources on the Norwegian shelf&lt;\/a&gt;, Direction norv\u00e9gienne du p\u00e9trole, 27 janvier 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/HFzFE\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La plupart de ces mat\u00e9riaux contenus dans les fonds marins norv\u00e9giens figurent sur la liste des \u00ab&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/21\/10-points-sur-les-metaux-strategiques\/\">mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res critiques<\/a>&#160;\u00bb identifi\u00e9es par la Commission europ\u00e9enne pour leur r\u00f4le indispensable jou\u00e9 dans la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, le num\u00e9rique, la d\u00e9fense\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aucun pays \u00e0 ce jour n\u2019a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 exploiter les fonds marins pour leurs ressources mini\u00e8res. La Chine a cependant obtenu 30 licences d&rsquo;exploration qui pourraient lui permettre d&rsquo;exploiter jusqu\u2019\u00e0 238 000 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s de fonds marins internationaux \u2014 soit environ la superficie du Royaume-Uni&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-211838' title='Lily Kuo, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/interactive\/2023\/china-deep-sea-mining-military-renewable-energy\/&quot;&gt;China is set to dominate the deep sea and its wealth of rare metals&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Washington Post&lt;\/em&gt;, 19 octobre 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/t4CzP\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>De nombreux scientifiques et ONG consid\u00e8rent que l\u2019exploitation mini\u00e8re des fonds marins serait une catastrophe environnementale. L&rsquo;European Academies Science Advisory Council (EASAC) r\u00e9fute \u00e9galement l\u2019argument selon lequel l&rsquo;exploitation mini\u00e8re en eaux profondes serait \u00ab&#160;essentielle pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande de mat\u00e9riaux critiques&#160;\u00bb, et consid\u00e8re que ces besoins \u00ab&#160;ne justifient pas l&rsquo;urgence avec laquelle l&rsquo;exploitation des min\u00e9raux en eaux profondes est poursuivie&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-211838' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-211838' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/easac.eu\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/EASAC_Deep_Sea_Mining_Web_publication_.pdf&quot;&gt;Deep-Sea Mining&amp;#160;: assessing evidence on future needs and environmental impacts&lt;\/a&gt;, European Academies Science Advisory Council, juin 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La semaine derni\u00e8re, le gouvernement norv\u00e9gien a conclu un accord avec deux partis d\u2019opposition visant \u00e0 autoriser l\u2019exploitation mini\u00e8re de ses fonds marins. Si rien ne prouve \u00e0 ce jour que les mat\u00e9riaux extraits seraient essentiels \u00e0 la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts environnementaux pourraient quant \u00e0 eux \u00eatre irr\u00e9versibles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":211842,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[547],"class_list":["post-211838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","geo-nordiques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La Norv\u00e8ge progresse vers l\u2019exploitation de ses fonds marins, malgr\u00e9 les risques environnementaux | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La Norv\u00e8ge progresse vers l\u2019exploitation de ses fonds marins, malgr\u00e9 les risques environnementaux | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La semaine derni\u00e8re, le gouvernement norv\u00e9gien a conclu un accord avec deux partis d\u2019opposition visant \u00e0 autoriser l\u2019exploitation mini\u00e8re de ses fonds marins. Si rien ne prouve \u00e0 ce jour que les mat\u00e9riaux extraits seraient essentiels \u00e0 la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts environnementaux pourraient quant \u00e0 eux \u00eatre irr\u00e9versibles.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/12\/11\/la-norvege-progresse-vers-lexploitation-de-ses-fonds-marins-malgre-les-risques-environnementaux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-12-11T17:14:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-11T17:14:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/12\/gc-exploitation-fonds-marins-norvege-e1702308013417.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1453\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"811\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" 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