{"id":198529,"date":"2023-09-17T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-17T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=198529"},"modified":"2023-09-16T20:44:46","modified_gmt":"2023-09-16T18:44:46","slug":"pollution-de-lair-91-de-la-population-mondiale-est-exposee-a-des-niveaux-trop-eleves-selon-loms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/17\/pollution-de-lair-91-de-la-population-mondiale-est-exposee-a-des-niveaux-trop-eleves-selon-loms\/","title":{"rendered":"Pollution de l\u2019air&#160;: 91&#160;% de la population mondiale est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux trop \u00e9lev\u00e9s selon l\u2019OMS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La majorit\u00e9 des populations europ\u00e9ennes vivent toujours dans des zones o\u00f9 la pollution de l\u2019air d\u00e9passe largement les recommandations de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9, malgr\u00e9 une am\u00e9lioration globale de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air sur le continent depuis les ann\u00e9es 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La pollution atmosph\u00e9rique est la plus grande menace environnementale sur la sant\u00e9 mondiale, d\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019OMS. Elle occasionne une morbidit\u00e9 du m\u00eame ordre de grandeur que celle engendr\u00e9e par d\u2019autres risques mondiaux majeurs pour la sant\u00e9 tels que le tabagisme ou les maladies li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation, avec 7 millions de morts par an dans le monde.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019OMS fonde ses seuils de mesure de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air sur le niveau de concentration de six composants majeurs&#160;: les particules PM<sub>2,5<\/sub>, les particules PM<sub>10<\/sub>, l\u2019ozone, le dioxyde d\u2019azote, le dioxyde de soufre et le monoxyde de carbone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La pollution aux particules fines (PM) a par exemple caus\u00e9 238 000 morts pr\u00e9matur\u00e9es dans l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne en 2020, selon l\u2019Agence europ\u00e9enne de l\u2019environnement, d\u00e9c\u00e8s auxquels s\u2019ajoutent la r\u00e9duction du nombre d\u2019ann\u00e9es de vie en bonne sant\u00e9 \u2013 la pollution au PM<sub>2,5<\/sub> aurait entra\u00een\u00e9 175 702 ann\u00e9es de vie avec incapacit\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 une maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique en 2019, toujours d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s l\u2019AEE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/D87FD\/ \" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les disparit\u00e9s d\u2019exposition sont notables entre pays europ\u00e9ens. Les populations d\u2019Europe centrale et l\u2019Italie sont particuli\u00e8rement expos\u00e9es \u00e0 de hauts niveaux de pollution.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les pays d\u2019Europe du Nord sont les plus pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s. L\u2019Islande est le seul pays o\u00f9 l\u2019ensemble de la population est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 un air qui ne met pas la sant\u00e9 en danger selon les crit\u00e8res de l\u2019OMS.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019Italie fait figure d\u2019exception en Europe, \u00e9tant le pays europ\u00e9en qui compte la plus grande proportion de personnes expos\u00e9es \u00e0 un niveau de pollution quatre fois sup\u00e9rieur aux recommandations de l\u2019OMS (18&#160;%). Seules l\u2019Ukraine (5&#160;%), la Pologne (2&#160;%), la Turquie (1&#160;%) et la Bosnie-Herz\u00e9govine (1&#160;%) connaissent une exposition \u00e0 de tels niveaux de pollution, et \u00e0 des proportions bien moindres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/5pG1c\/ \" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 la persistance de niveaux de pollution trop \u00e9lev\u00e9s par rapport aux recommandations de l\u2019OMS, l\u2019Europe fait cependant partie des zones o\u00f9 les niveaux de pollution de l\u2019air sont les moins \u00e9lev\u00e9s dans le monde, et les plus hauts niveaux de pollution sont concentr\u00e9s dans les pays du Sud.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Au total, 91&#160;% de la population mondiale est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux de pollution sup\u00e9rieurs aux recommandations de l\u2019OMS.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sur les 10 pays les plus pollu\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale en 2022, selon l\u2019indice IQ, trois se situent en Afrique (avec le Tchad en t\u00eate du classement), trois au Moyen-Orient et quatre en Asie.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Aujourd\u2019hui, les voitures ne seront pas autoris\u00e9es \u00e0 circuler dans Paris. Cette initiative de la ville a pour but de combattre la pollution de l\u2019air, qui reste un probl\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 publique de premier plan pour les populations. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6617,"featured_media":198580,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3468],"tags":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-198529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-donnees-qui-changent-la-donne","geo-europe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pollution de l\u2019air : 91% de la population mondiale est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux trop \u00e9lev\u00e9s selon l\u2019OMS | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/17\/pollution-de-lair-91-de-la-population-mondiale-est-exposee-a-des-niveaux-trop-eleves-selon-loms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pollution de l\u2019air : 91% de la population mondiale est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux trop \u00e9lev\u00e9s selon l\u2019OMS | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aujourd\u2019hui, les voitures ne seront pas autoris\u00e9es \u00e0 circuler dans Paris. 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