{"id":198028,"date":"2023-09-12T15:55:25","date_gmt":"2023-09-12T13:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=198028"},"modified":"2023-09-22T14:53:32","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T12:53:32","slug":"jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/","title":{"rendered":"Jamais les \u00c9tats-Unis n\u2019ont connu plus de catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques graves que cette ann\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Depuis 1980, la National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) recense et \u00e9value les co\u00fbts des catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques qui frappent le pays. Dans son rapport mensuel publi\u00e9 lundi 11 septembre, l\u2019agence a \u00e9tabli que \u00ab&#160;23 catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et climatiques d&rsquo;une valeur d&rsquo;un milliard de dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9es cette ann\u00e9e, soit le plus grand nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements jamais enregistr\u00e9s au cours d&rsquo;une ann\u00e9e civile&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-198028' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/national-climate-202308&quot;&gt;Assessing the U.S. Climate in August 2023&lt;\/a&gt;, NOAA, 11 septembre 2023.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Hajsp\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Si l\u2019incendie ayant frapp\u00e9 Hawa\u00ef en ao\u00fbt ou bien l\u2019ouragan Idalia qui a pris fin au d\u00e9but du mois de septembre ont eu un impact d\u00e9vastateur, ce sont les temp\u00eates qui repr\u00e9sentent 78&#160;% du total des catastrophes majeures aux \u00c9tats-Unis cette ann\u00e9e \u2014 et 75&#160;% du co\u00fbt total associ\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Celles-ci frappent principalement les \u00c9tats du <em>Midwest <\/em>(Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa\u2026) ainsi que le Sud du pays&#160;: Texas, Oklahoma et Arkansas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les \u00c9tats du Nord-Ouest (Vermont et New York principalement) et la Californie ont quant \u00e0 eux principalement \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9s par des inondations dont le co\u00fbt total depuis le d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e est estim\u00e9 \u00e0 6,7 milliards de dollars.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/VP2QX\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que le nombre de catastrophes climatiques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques ayant frapp\u00e9 les \u00c9tats-Unis est le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 depuis 1980 \u2014 tandis qu\u2019il reste plus de trois mois avant la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e civile \u2014, leur co\u00fbt total est relativement faible par rapport aux pics atteints en 2005 et 2017, lorsque les ouragans Maria et Harvey avaient caus\u00e9 plus de 3 000 morts et 266 milliards de dollars de d\u00e9g\u00e2ts. NOAA pr\u00e9cise cependant que ce d\u00e9compte est pr\u00e9liminaire, les calculs n\u2019ayant pas \u00e9t\u00e9 finalis\u00e9s pour quantifier les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts caus\u00e9s par l\u2019ouragan Hilary et les s\u00e9cheresses qui frappent le <em>Midwest <\/em>et le Sud du pays depuis le Printemps&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-198028' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/access\/billions\/&quot;&gt;Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters&lt;\/a&gt;, NOAA.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ZaXdI\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cette augmentation du nombre de catastrophes climatiques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques traduit une tendance globale caus\u00e9e par le r\u00e9chauffement climatique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dans un rapport publi\u00e9 en septembre 2021, l\u2019Organisation m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique mondiale (OMM) estimait que le nombre de catastrophes d\u2019origines m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques avait \u00e9t\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/02\/il-y-a-4-fois-plus-de-catastrophes-dorigines-meteorologiques-en-2019-quil-ny-en-avait-en-1970-selon-lomm\/\">multipli\u00e9 par quatre<\/a> en 2019 par rapport \u00e0 1970.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/qZ0uY\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Afin de mieux identifier et anticiper les risques m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et climatiques \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelon local, la Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) a lanc\u00e9 en 2021 son National Risk Index. Celui-ci agr\u00e8ge l\u2019exposition des comt\u00e9s am\u00e9ricains \u00e0 18 risques naturels en leur attribuant un score sur une \u00e9chelle allant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 100. Les \u00c9tats les plus expos\u00e9s \u00e0 la mont\u00e9e des eaux, aux ouragans et aux inondations concentrent une part importante des comt\u00e9s aux scores les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s, tandis que \u00ab&#160;des dizaines de millions de personnes vivent d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans des zones expos\u00e9es au risque d&rsquo;inondation c\u00f4ti\u00e8re aux \u00c9tats-Unis&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-198028' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/aambpublicoceanservice.blob.core.windows.net\/oceanserviceprod\/hazards\/sealevelrise\/noaa-nos-techrpt01-global-regional-SLR-scenarios-US.pdf&quot;&gt;Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States&lt;\/a&gt;, NOAA, f\u00e9vrier 2022.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/nEJb4\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis 1980, ce sont ces m\u00eames \u00c9tats c\u00f4tiers qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 le plus impact\u00e9s financi\u00e8rement et humainement par ces catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En Floride \u2014 le deuxi\u00e8me \u00c9tat le plus touch\u00e9 apr\u00e8s le Texas \u2014, le gouverneur r\u00e9publicain et <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/25\/ron-desantis-est-candidat-a-lelection-presidentielle-americaine\/\">candidat \u00e0 la primaire r\u00e9publicaine Ron DeSantis<\/a> semble avoir adopt\u00e9 la ligne \u00ab&#160;traditionnelle&#160;\u00bb du GOP en ce qui concerne le changement climatique, avant tout pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne \u00ab&#160;naturel&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-198028' title='Nicholas Nehamas et Patricia Mazzei, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/09\/08\/us\/politics\/desantis-florida-storm-climate-change.html&quot;&gt;DeSantis, Leading a State Menaced by Climate Change, Shrugs Off the Threat&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 8 septembre 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cette posture, particuli\u00e8rement remarqu\u00e9e lors du <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/23\/donald-trump-conforte-par-une-large-avance-sur-ses-rivaux-evite-le-premier-debat-de-la-primaire-republicaine\/\">premier d\u00e9bat de la primaire r\u00e9publicaine<\/a> qui s\u2019est tenu \u00e0 la fin du mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt, est en contradiction avec de pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes d\u00e9clarations du candidat qui remontent \u00e0 2018&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-198028' title='Steve Patterson, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/eu.jacksonville.com\/story\/news\/politics\/elections\/state\/2018\/10\/16\/more-resiliency-preparation-for-high-water-needed-desantis-says\/9537409007\/&quot;&gt;DeSantis&amp;#160;: State must prepare for effects of high water&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Florida Times-Union&lt;\/em&gt;, 16 octobre 2018.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le gouverneur du Texas \u2014 \u00e9galement domin\u00e9 par le Parti r\u00e9publicain \u2014 Greg Abbott a lui aussi exprim\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises son scepticisme vis-\u00e0-vis des origines et cons\u00e9quences du changement climatique, tandis que l\u2019\u00c9tat vient de conna\u00eetre son deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9t\u00e9 le plus chaud depuis 1985&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-198028' title='Erin Douglas et Yuriko Schumacher, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.texastribune.org\/2023\/09\/07\/texas-hottest-summer-2023\/&quot;&gt;Texas just recorded its second hottest summer on record&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Texas Tribune&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 septembre 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/eKbMT\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon un sondage conduit en mai dernier par le Pew Research Center, 26&#160;% des Am\u00e9ricains consid\u00e8rent que le r\u00e9chauffement climatique est avant tout un \u00ab&#160;ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne naturel&#160;\u00bb et 14&#160;% ne \u00ab&#160;croient pas&#160;\u00bb que la Terre se r\u00e9chauffe&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-198028' title='Giancarlo Pasquini, Alison Spencer, Alec Tyson et Cary Funk, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/science\/2023\/08\/09\/why-some-americans-do-not-see-urgency-on-climate-change\/#:~:text=Two%20interviewees%20expressed%20extreme%20skepticism,or%20frequency%20and%20climate%20change.&quot;&gt;Why Some Americans Do Not See Urgency on Climate Change&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, Pew Research Center, 9 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Les \u00e9lecteurs r\u00e9publicains sont les plus r\u00e9ticents \u00e0 qualifier \u00ab&#160;d\u2019extr\u00eames&#160;\u00bb des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques, et seulement une minorit\u00e9 consid\u00e8re que ces derniers sont provoqu\u00e9s par le changement climatique&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-8-198028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-198028' title='Amudalat Ajasa, Scott Clement et Emily Guskin, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/climate-environment\/2023\/08\/23\/extreme-weather-climate-change-poll\/&quot;&gt;Democrats and Republicans deeply divided on extreme weather, Post-UMD poll finds&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Washington Post&lt;\/em&gt;, 23 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selon les calculs de l&rsquo;Agence am\u00e9ricaine d&rsquo;observation oc\u00e9anique et atmosph\u00e9rique (NOAA), 23 catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques dont le co\u00fbt est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 un milliard de dollars ont frapp\u00e9 les \u00c9tats-Unis cette ann\u00e9e. Il s\u2019agit du plus grand nombre d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements de cette intensit\u00e9 dans l\u2019histoire r\u00e9cente du pays.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":198032,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-198028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jamais les \u00c9tats-Unis n\u2019ont connu plus de catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques graves que cette ann\u00e9e | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/09\/12\/jamais-les-etats-unis-nont-connu-plus-de-catastrophes-meteorologiques-graves-que-cette-annee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jamais les \u00c9tats-Unis n\u2019ont connu plus de catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques graves que cette ann\u00e9e | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Selon les calculs de l&#039;Agence am\u00e9ricaine d&#039;observation oc\u00e9anique et atmosph\u00e9rique (NOAA), 23 catastrophes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques dont le co\u00fbt est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 un milliard de dollars ont frapp\u00e9 les \u00c9tats-Unis cette ann\u00e9e. 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