{"id":196183,"date":"2023-08-29T15:24:49","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T13:24:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=196183"},"modified":"2023-08-29T15:24:52","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T13:24:52","slug":"vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"Vers un hiver sans crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en Europe&#160;?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019invasion de l\u2019Ukraine par la Russie et ses cons\u00e9quences sur les approvisionnements \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques europ\u00e9ens a conduit \u00e0 une augmentation vertigineuse du prix du gaz, qui s\u2019est r\u00e9percut\u00e9e sur le prix de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Afin de prot\u00e9ger leurs consommateurs, 646 milliards d&rsquo;euros ont \u00e9t\u00e9 allou\u00e9s et affect\u00e9s par les \u00c9tats-membres depuis septembre 2021&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-196183' title='Giovanni Sgaravatti, Simone Tagliapietra, Cecilia Trasi et Georg Zachmann, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bruegel.org\/dataset\/national-policies-shield-consumers-rising-energy-prices&quot;&gt;National fiscal policy responses to the energy crisis&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, Bruegel, 26 juin 2023.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/hVtaN\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si la volatilit\u00e9 impacte toujours le march\u00e9 europ\u00e9en, les prix du gaz naturel sont retomb\u00e9s en ao\u00fbt \u00e0 leur niveau le plus bas depuis juillet 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Au 29 ao\u00fbt, le prix du gaz naturel sur les contrats TTF \u00e0 un mois est de 36,89 \u20ac par m\u00e9gawattheure, soit 90&#160;% de moins par rapport au sommet de 340 \u20ac atteint un an plus t\u00f4t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La perspective d\u2019une gr\u00e8ve des travailleurs australiens de Chevron \u2014 qui op\u00e8re deux sites de production de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 (GNL) en Australie repr\u00e9sentant approximativement 5&#160;% de l\u2019offre mondiale \u2014 se traduit toutefois par une importante volatilit\u00e9 des prix en raison de son potentiel de perturbation sur l\u2019\u00e9quilibre entre l\u2019offre et la demande de GNL&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-196183' title='Stephen Stapczynski, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2023-08-29\/australian-lng-workers-threaten-to-strike-next-week-timeline&quot;&gt;A Timeline of Australian LNG Workers\u2019 Labor Talks as They Threaten to Strike&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 29 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si l\u2019Australie repr\u00e9sente 20&#160;% des exportations mondiales de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9, les pays europ\u00e9ens n\u2019importe pas directement de GNL australien. Ce sont principalement le Japon, la Chine, Ta\u00efwan et la Cor\u00e9e du Sud qui seraient impact\u00e9s par un arr\u00eat des exportations en provenance de ces sites&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-196183' title='Anne-Sophie Corbeau, Ira Joseph et Akos Losz, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.energypolicy.columbia.edu\/qa-potential-supply-disruptions-from-industrial-action-at-australias-lng-plants\/&quot;&gt;Potential Supply Disruptions from Industrial Action at Australia\u2019s LNG Plants&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, Center on Global Energy Policy, 10 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/JRolL\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En raison des faibles prix du gaz en Europe \u2014 toutefois deux fois plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s en 2023 par rapport \u00e0 la moyenne 2017-2021 \u2014, les importations de GNL des \u00c9tats-membres ont chut\u00e9 en juin et en juillet \u00e0 leur plus bas niveau depuis l\u2019invasion russe de l\u2019Ukraine. Cette baisse s\u2019explique \u00e0 la fois par une redirection des livraisons vers les pays asiatiques, mais \u00e9galement par un niveau historiquement \u00e9lev\u00e9 du remplissage des r\u00e9serves europ\u00e9ennes de gaz naturel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/n53HZ\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Au 27 ao\u00fbt, les r\u00e9serves europ\u00e9ennes \u00e9taient remplies \u00e0 92,53&#160;%, soit le niveau le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour cette p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019Union a ainsi atteint avec deux mois et demi d\u2019avance l\u2019objectif de 90&#160;% de remplissage avant le 1er novembre fix\u00e9 par le r\u00e8glement europ\u00e9en sur le stockage du gaz du 27 juin 2022&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-196183' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/energy.ec.europa.eu\/news\/eu-reaches-90-gas-storage-target-ahead-winter-2023-08-18_fr&quot;&gt;EU reaches 90&amp;#160;% gas storage target ahead of winter&lt;\/a&gt;, Commission europ\u00e9enne, 18 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/rPCCB\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La faible demande de gaz naturel par rapport aux ann\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes (-20&#160;% en juillet par rapport \u00e0 la moyenne 2019-2021) contribue elle aussi \u00e0 maintenir les prix bas, bien qu\u2019elle s\u2019explique notamment par la baisse de la production industrielle&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-196183' title='Javier Blas, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/opinion\/articles\/2023-08-29\/europe-s-manufacturing-crisis-protects-against-gas-supply-crunch&quot;&gt;What Gas Crisis&amp;#160;? Europe\u2019s Best Friend Is Also Its Worst Enemy&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 29 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/VvxOE\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le mois dernier, l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie publiait un rapport dans lequel elle d\u00e9clarait que \u00ab&#160;des sites de stockage pleins ne sont pas une garantie contre la volatilit\u00e9 hivernale&#160;\u00bb. En cas d\u2019hiver 2023-2024 plus froid que la moyenne associ\u00e9 \u00e0 un arr\u00eat total des livraisons de gaz russe par gazoduc \u00e0 partir du 1er octobre 2023, \u00ab&#160;la volatilit\u00e9 des prix et les tensions sur le march\u00e9 pourraient facilement \u00eatre raviv\u00e9es&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-196183' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-196183' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/f45a2340-8479-4585-b26e-ec5e9b14feca\/GlobalGasSecurityReview2023IncludingtheGasMarketReportQ32023.pdf&quot;&gt;Global Gas Security Review 2023&lt;\/a&gt;, Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, 17 juillet 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Au 27 ao\u00fbt, les r\u00e9serves europ\u00e9ennes de gaz naturel \u00e9taient remplies \u00e0 92,53&#160;&#160;%, soit le niveau le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour cette p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, tandis que les prix sont au plus bas depuis juillet 2021. Malgr\u00e9 ces signaux positifs, le sc\u00e9nario d\u2019une nouvelle crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique cet hiver n\u2019est pas exclu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":196187,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-196183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vers un hiver sans crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en Europe ? | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vers un hiver sans crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en Europe ? | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au 27 ao\u00fbt, les r\u00e9serves europ\u00e9ennes de gaz naturel \u00e9taient remplies \u00e0 92,53&#160;%, soit le niveau le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour cette p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, tandis que les prix sont au plus bas depuis juillet 2021. Malgr\u00e9 ces signaux positifs, le sc\u00e9nario d\u2019une nouvelle crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique cet hiver n\u2019est pas exclu.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-29T13:24:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-29T13:24:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/08\/gc-risque-crise-energetique-europe-hiver-2023-e1693315230914.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1453\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"811\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/08\/gc-risque-crise-energetique-europe-hiver-2023-e1693315230914.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/29\/vers-un-hiver-sans-crise-energetique-en-europe\/\",\"name\":\"Vers un hiver sans crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en Europe ? 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