{"id":194530,"date":"2023-08-16T15:36:04","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T13:36:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=194530"},"modified":"2023-08-16T15:36:07","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T13:36:07","slug":"un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/","title":{"rendered":"Un an apr\u00e8s l\u2019<em>Inflation Reduction Act<\/em>, quel bilan&#160;?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/08\/24\/politique-du-climat-les-lecons-de-linflation-reduction-act\/\"><em>Inflation Reduction Act<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>(IRA) est la principale mesure l\u00e9gislative mise en \u0153uvre par l\u2019administration Biden pour r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de CO\u00b2 des \u00c9tats-Unis de 50 \u00e0 52&#160;% (par rapport aux niveaux de 2005) d\u2019ici 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dans une nouvelle \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans la revue <em>Science<\/em>, des scientifiques am\u00e9ricains estiment que l\u2019IRA devrait contribuer \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de CO\u00b2 du pays de 37&#160;% en moyenne d\u2019ici la fin de la d\u00e9cennie&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-194530' title='John Bistline et al., &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.science.org\/stoken\/author-tokens\/ST-1277\/full&quot;&gt;Emissions and energy impacts of the Inflation Reduction Act&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Science &lt;\/em&gt;380,1324-1327(2023).'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dans le secteur de la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie, la moyenne des neuf mod\u00e8les utilis\u00e9s indique que la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions pourrait atteindre 68,1&#160;% d\u2019ici 2030. Sans cette l\u00e9gislation, la baisse dans ce secteur serait de 50,9&#160;% en moyenne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/u0Bf5\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Gr\u00e2ce aux subventions et cr\u00e9dits d\u2019imp\u00f4ts pour l\u2019achat de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie estime que la moiti\u00e9 des voitures vendues aux \u00c9tats-Unis seront \u00e9lectriques d\u2019ici 2030. Ce chiffre est toutefois inf\u00e9rieur aux projections pour l\u2019Europe (58&#160;% des v\u00e9hicules individuels vendus) et la Chine (62&#160;%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/YmPSF\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En visant \u00e0 augmenter le nombre de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques produits aux \u00c9tats-Unis \u2014 ou du moins en Am\u00e9rique du Nord \u2014 ainsi que la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie propre, Washington devra toutefois substantiellement accro\u00eetre ses importations de <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/21\/10-points-sur-les-metaux-strategiques\/\">mat\u00e9riaux critiques<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon l\u2019entreprise d\u2019analyse financi\u00e8re am\u00e9ricaine S&amp;P Global, \u00ab&#160;la demande am\u00e9ricaine li\u00e9e \u00e0 la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pour les min\u00e9raux essentiels que sont le lithium, le nickel et le cobalt, pris ensemble, sera 23 fois plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e en 2035 qu&rsquo;elle ne l&rsquo;\u00e9tait en 2021&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-194530' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/cdn.ihsmarkit.com\/www\/prot\/pdf\/0823\/Impact-IRA-Metals-Minerals-Report-FINAL-August2023.pdf?utm_source=newsletter&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_campaign=wp_climate202&amp;amp;wpisrc=nl_climate202&quot;&gt;Inflation Reduction Act&amp;#160;: Impact on North America metals and minerals market&lt;\/a&gt;, S&amp;amp;P Global, ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si les augmentations de la production de lithium pr\u00e9vues aux \u00c9tats-Unis devraient \u00eatre suffisantes pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande int\u00e9rieure, les besoins en mati\u00e8re de nickel et de cobalt seraient quant \u00e0 eux trop importants pour \u00eatre satisfaits et n\u00e9cessiteront la mise en place de nouveaux accords de libre-\u00e9change ou bien la \u00ab&#160;r\u00e9orientation de sch\u00e9mas commerciaux&#160;\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/i7IFu\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Sur le plan \u00e9conomique, le bilan de cette premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e est tr\u00e8s positif pour l\u2019administration Biden&#160;: plus de 170 000 emplois dans les \u00e9nergies propres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s selon Climate Power, tandis que le groupe E2 a recens\u00e9 un total de 210 projets majeurs r\u00e9partis dans 39 \u00c9tats&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-194530' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/climatepower.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2023\/07\/Clean-Energy-Boom-Anniversary-Report-1.pdf?utm_source=newsletter&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_campaign=wp_climate202&amp;amp;wpisrc=nl_climate202&quot;&gt;One Year of Clean Energy Boom&lt;\/a&gt;, Climate Power, 25 juillet 2023 et &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/e2.org\/reports\/clean-economy-works-2023\/?utm_source=newsletter&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_campaign=wp_climate202&amp;amp;wpisrc=nl_climate202&quot;&gt;Clean Economy Works | IRA One-Year Review&lt;\/a&gt;, E2, 14 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. La Maison-Blanche se f\u00e9licite quant \u00e0 elle de \u00ab&#160;110 milliards de dollars d&rsquo;investissements dans la fabrication d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie propre&#160;\u00bb depuis ao\u00fbt 2022&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-194530' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2023\/08\/16\/fact-sheet-one-year-in-president-bidens-inflation-reduction-act-is-driving-historic-climate-action-and-investing-in-america-to-create-good-paying-jobs-and-reduce-costs\/&quot;&gt;FACT SHEET&amp;#160;: One Year In, President Biden\u2019s Inflation Reduction Act is Driving Historic Climate Action and Investing in America to Create Good Paying Jobs and Reduce Costs&lt;\/a&gt;, Maison-Blanche, 16 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/KnpJl\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Tandis qu\u2019aucun membre r\u00e9publicain du Congr\u00e8s n\u2019a vot\u00e9 en faveur de l\u2019IRA, plus de 80&#160;% des investissements annonc\u00e9s depuis sa ratification concernent des projets situ\u00e9s dans des circonscriptions r\u00e9publicaines&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-194530' title='Amanda Chu, Oliver Roeder et Myles McCormick, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/06fcd3dd-9c39-48d3-bb08-6d75d34b5ed1&quot;&gt;Republican districts dominate US clean technology investment boom&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 13 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Si Joe Biden appuiera sur ce point au cours de sa campagne en vue de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2024, il devra \u00e9galement continuer \u00e0 faire la promotion du bilan l\u00e9gislatif d\u00e9mocrate aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9lecteurs&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-194530' title='Jarrett Renshaw, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/energy\/one-year-biden-still-needs-explain-his-signature-clean-energy-legislation-2023-08-16\/?utm_source=Sailthru&amp;amp;utm_medium=Newsletter&amp;amp;utm_campaign=Daily-Briefing&amp;amp;utm_term=081623&quot;&gt;One year on, Biden still needs to explain his signature clean energy legislation&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Reuters&lt;\/em&gt;, 16 ao\u00fbt 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon un sondage du <em>Washington Post <\/em>et de l\u2019universit\u00e9 du Maryland conduit en juillet, 36&#160;% des Am\u00e9ricains d\u00e9clarent n\u2019avoir rien lu ou entendu \u00e0 propos de l\u2019IRA&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-194530' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/tablet\/2023\/08\/04\/july-13-23-2023-washington-post-university-maryland-climate-poll\/&quot;&gt;July 13-23, 2023, Washington Post-University of Maryland Climate poll&lt;\/a&gt;.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>La Commission europ\u00e9enne a quant \u00e0 elle pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en mars le Net Zero Industry Act, qui se veut \u00eatre une r\u00e9ponse \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/07\/27\/comment-leurope-peut-reussir-sa-politique-industrielle\/\">toutefois partielle<\/a> et critiqu\u00e9e sur certains aspects&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-8-194530' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-194530' title='Simone Tagliapietra, Reinhilde Veugelers et Jeromin Zettelmeyer, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bruegel.org\/policy-brief\/rebooting-european-unions-net-zero-industry-act&quot;&gt;Rebooting the European Union\u2019s Net Zero Industry Act&lt;\/a&gt;, Bruegel, 22 juin 2023.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> \u2014 \u00e0 l\u2019Inflation Reduction Act. Au total, les \u00c9tats-membres ont d\u00e9pens\u00e9 758 milliards d\u2019euros en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique entre septembre 2021 et juin 2023, soit un montant presque deux fois sup\u00e9rieur aux sommes pour l\u2019\u00e9nergie et le climat contenues dans l\u2019IRA.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, cela fait un an jour pour jour que la loi embl\u00e9matique de l\u2019administration d\u00e9mocrate en mati\u00e8re de lutte contre le changement climatique est entr\u00e9e en vigueur.<\/p>\n<p>Trois graphiques et une carte pour mesurer l\u2019impact de cette l\u00e9gislation sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine, la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et le mandat de Joe Biden.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":194534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-194530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Un an apr\u00e8s l\u2019Inflation Reduction Act, quel bilan ? | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un an apr\u00e8s l\u2019Inflation Reduction Act, quel bilan ? | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aujourd\u2019hui, cela fait un an jour pour jour que la loi embl\u00e9matique de l\u2019administration d\u00e9mocrate en mati\u00e8re de lutte contre le changement climatique est entr\u00e9e en vigueur.  Trois graphiques et une carte pour mesurer l\u2019impact de cette l\u00e9gislation sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine, la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et le mandat de Joe Biden.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T13:36:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T13:36:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/08\/gc-bilan-inflation-reduction-act.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1119\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"645\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/08\/gc-bilan-inflation-reduction-act.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/08\/16\/un-an-apres-linflation-reduction-act-quel-bilan\/\",\"name\":\"Un an apr\u00e8s l\u2019Inflation Reduction Act, quel bilan ? 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