{"id":189918,"date":"2023-06-29T11:49:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T09:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=189918"},"modified":"2023-06-29T17:59:18","modified_gmt":"2023-06-29T15:59:18","slug":"le-bilan-economique-des-conflits-sest-alourdi-en-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/le-bilan-economique-des-conflits-sest-alourdi-en-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Le bilan \u00e9conomique des conflits s\u2019est alourdi en 2022\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le rapport&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-189918' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/le-bilan-economique-des-conflits-sest-alourdi-en-2022\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-189918' title='Disponible \u00e0 &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.visionofhumanity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/GPI-2023-Web.pdf&quot;&gt;cette adresse&lt;\/a&gt;.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> estime que le nombre de morts li\u00e9es aux conflits a augment\u00e9 de 96&#160;%&#160;; m\u00eame en excluant la Russie et l\u2019Ukraine des chiffres, les indicateurs li\u00e9s aux conflits internes et internationaux se sont d\u00e9grad\u00e9s.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le document souligne que les violences terroristes se sont d\u00e9plac\u00e9s en intensit\u00e9 du Moyen-Orient et de l\u2019Afrique du Nord vers l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne \u2013 en partie \u00e0 la faveur d\u2019une tr\u00eave au Y\u00e9men et de l\u2019instauration du r\u00e9gime taliban en Afghanistan&#160;; \u00e0 la suite du retrait des forces fran\u00e7aises au Mali, les violences terroristes s\u2019y sont intensifi\u00e9es \u2013 les violences interethniques et les attaques djihadistes y ont occasionn\u00e9 5000 morts en 2022, contre 2000 en 2021.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En termes de bataille, le bilan est essentiellement port\u00e9 par la guerre en Ukraine (les pertes s\u2019\u00e9chelonnant sur 2022 entre 32 000 pertes pour les estimations les plus basses et 130 000 pour les plus hautes) et celle du Tigr\u00e9 en \u00c9thiopie&#160;; entre ao\u00fbt et octobre 2022, celle-ci aura caus\u00e9 plus de 100 000 morts. Au total, en 2022, le nombre de morts dans des batailles aura atteint 235 000, pr\u00e8s du double du chiffre de 2021.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/kDWzT\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le rapport estime qu\u2019en 2022, l\u2019impact \u00e9conomique de la violence aura repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 12,9&#160;% du PIB mondial, soit 17,5 billions de dollars. La hausse par rapport aux chiffres de 2021 (de 6,6&#160;%, soit un billion de dollars) aura largement \u00e9t\u00e9 propuls\u00e9e par l\u2019augmentation des d\u00e9penses de d\u00e9fense, en particulier dans les pays europ\u00e9ens. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du monde, celles-ci ont augment\u00e9 de 16,8&#160;%.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Un rapport publi\u00e9 en avril 2023&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-189918' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/le-bilan-economique-des-conflits-sest-alourdi-en-2022\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-189918' title='&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.sipri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-04\/2304_fs_milex_2022.pdf&quot;&gt;Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2022&lt;\/a&gt;, Institut international de recherche sur la paix de Stockholm, 24 avril 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, soulignait d\u00e9j\u00e0 qu\u2019apr\u00e8s de la tendance \u00e0 la baisse entre la fin de la guerre froide et le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000, les d\u00e9penses militaires ont en 2022 augment\u00e9 \u00e0 un rythme plus soutenu qu\u2019au cours des ann\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La guerre en Ukraine a largement contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019augmentation des d\u00e9penses mondiales en 2022&#160;; les \u00c9tats-Unis ont d\u00e9pens\u00e9 877 milliards de dollars de plus qu\u2019en 2021 pour leurs achats d\u2019armements&#160;; les deux bellig\u00e9rants ont eux aussi consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 leurs d\u00e9penses militaires&#160;: + 9,2&#160;% pour la Russie (86,4 milliards de dollars) et + 640&#160;% pour l\u2019Ukraine (44 milliards).&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/zPbbk\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9valuant les r\u00e9percussions \u00e9conomiques et commerciales des conflits en cours et potentiels, le rapport de l\u2019IEP estime qu\u2019un blocus de Ta\u00efwan par la Chine ferait chuter de 2,8&#160;% le PIB mondial lors la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e (pour une perte de 2,7 billions de dollars) \u2013 60&#160;% de la perte \u00e9conomique \u00e9tant concentr\u00e9e sur la Chine et Ta\u00efwan, dont les PIB se contracteraient de 7&#160;% et 40&#160;% respectivement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La perturbation des cha\u00eenes de valeur se ferait surtout sentir dans le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9lectronique et des ordinateurs, Ta\u00efwan et la Chine repr\u00e9sentant 31&#160;% du commerce bilat\u00e9ral du secteur, ainsi que 23&#160;% de celui \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipement \u00e9lectrique. L\u2019\u00eele est aussi le leader mondial de la production de semi-conducteurs, produisant plus de 90&#160;% des semi-conducteurs avanc\u00e9s et 37&#160;% des puces logiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un rapport de l\u2019IEP chiffre \u00e0 12,9&#160;&#160;% du PIB mondial \u2013 d\u00e9penses de d\u00e9fense et pertes comprises \u2013 l\u2019impact \u00e9conomique de la violence en 2022&#160;&#160;; dans la perspective d\u2019une invasion chinoise de Ta\u00efwan, le bilan pourrait \u00eatre encore plus lourd. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":189919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1732],"tags":[],"geo":[2163],"class_list":["post-189918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guerre","geo-monde"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le bilan \u00e9conomique des conflits s\u2019est alourdi en 2022\u00a0 | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/le-bilan-economique-des-conflits-sest-alourdi-en-2022\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta 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