{"id":189894,"date":"2023-06-29T18:03:10","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T16:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=189894"},"modified":"2023-06-29T18:03:12","modified_gmt":"2023-06-29T16:03:12","slug":"toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/","title":{"rendered":"Toujours aucun accord en vue entre Washington et Bruxelles sur l\u2019acier et l&rsquo;aluminium"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le 30 juin 2018, les tarifs douaniers sur les importations d\u2019acier et d&rsquo;aluminium en provenance de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne annonc\u00e9s par le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain Donald Trump quelques mois plus t\u00f4t pour une s\u00e9rie de pays entraient en application, justifi\u00e9s par des craintes li\u00e9es \u00e0 la \u00ab&#160;s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale&#160;\u00bb des \u00c9tats-Unis&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-189894' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-189894' title='La justification de ces craintes s\u2019appuyait notamment sur un rapport de janvier 2018 du D\u00e9partement du Commerce am\u00e9ricain intitul\u00e9 \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.commerce.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/the_effect_of_imports_of_steel_on_the_national_security_-_with_redactions_-_20180111.pdf&quot;&gt;The Effect of Imports of Steel on the National Security&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, qui concluait que l\u2019importation d\u2019acier \u00ab&amp;#160;bon march\u00e9&amp;#160;\u00bb nuisait \u00e0 la base industrielle am\u00e9ricaine. En septembre 2022, un think-tank am\u00e9ricain bipartisan, la Tax Foundation, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/taxfoundation.org\/section-232-tariffs-steel-aluminum\/#:~:text=The%20Section%20232%20tariffs%20on%20imports%20of%20steel%20and%20aluminum,for%20consumers%2C%20and%20hurting%20exports.&quot;&gt;observait&lt;\/a&gt; que&amp;#160;: \u00ab&amp;#160;Les droits de douane au titre de l&amp;rsquo;article 232 sur les importations d&amp;rsquo;acier et d&amp;rsquo;aluminium ont augment\u00e9 les co\u00fbts de production des fabricants, r\u00e9duisant l&amp;#8217;emploi dans ces industries, augmentant les prix pour les consommateurs et nuisant aux exportations&amp;#160;\u00bb.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. En r\u00e9ponse, <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/12\/07\/le-nouveau-protectionnisme\/\">l\u2019Union introduisit des taxes<\/a> sur des produits am\u00e9ricains pour un montant de 3 milliards de dollars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/DVtfP\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de Joe Biden \u00e0 la Maison-Blanche, Washington et Bruxelles annon\u00e7aient le 31 octobre 2021 avoir trouv\u00e9 un accord temporaire ouvrant des n\u00e9gociations en vue d\u2019un <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/14\/du-commerce-pour-le-climat\/\">accord mondial sur l\u2019acier et l\u2019aluminium durables<\/a> (GASSA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Celui-ci pr\u00e9voit la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un groupe d\u2019\u00c9tats souhaitant instaurer un ensemble de mesures visant \u00e0 restreindre les importations d\u2019acier et d\u2019aluminium \u00e0 forte intensit\u00e9 carbone (notamment en provenance d\u2019Inde et de Chine) ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 lutter contre les pratiques anti-concurrentielles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pendant la dur\u00e9e des n\u00e9gociations, les \u00c9tats-Unis annon\u00e7aient qu\u2019ils \u00ab&#160;n&rsquo;appliqueront plus les droits institu\u00e9s au titre de la section 232 sur un certain volume d&rsquo;exportations d&rsquo;acier et d&rsquo;aluminium de l&rsquo;Union&#160;\u00bb, tandis que Bruxelles a suspendu ses \u00ab&#160;mesures de r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage introduites en r\u00e9action aux droits de douane impos\u00e9s par les \u00c9tats-Unis&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-189894' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-189894' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/qanda_21_5722&quot;&gt;EU-US negotiations on trade on steel and aluminium&lt;\/a&gt;, Commission europ\u00e9enne, 31 octobre 2021.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/fMmyp\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors que les n\u00e9gociations sur cet accord doivent \u00eatre conclues dans un d\u00e9lai de deux ans (jusqu\u2019en octobre 2023 donc), l\u2019Union a rejet\u00e9 mercredi 28 juin une proposition am\u00e9ricaine visant \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;fixer des normes d&rsquo;\u00e9mission et imposer des tarifs douaniers \u00e0 ceux qui ne les respectent pas&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-189894' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-189894' title='Andy Bounds, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/42d968e5-cb13-4ccb-9f93-b1a321303a14?utm_source=cbnewsletter&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_term=2023-06-29&amp;amp;utm_campaign=Daily+Briefing+29+06+2023&quot;&gt;EU rejects US offer to end steel tariff dispute&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 28 juin 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, Bruxelles veut privil\u00e9gier son m\u00e9canisme d\u2019ajustement carbone aux fronti\u00e8res en le combinant avec des instruments de d\u00e9fense commerciale comme base du GASSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/WQem7\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 le constat partag\u00e9 entre Europ\u00e9ens et Am\u00e9ricains sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de d\u00e9carboner l\u2019industrie de l\u2019acier et de l\u2019aluminium (qui repr\u00e9sentent 90&#160;% des \u00e9missions de CO2 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par la production des principaux m\u00e9taux) et de limiter les importations de m\u00e9taux en provenance de pays aux pratiques jug\u00e9es anticoncurrentielles \u2014 notamment la Chine \u2014, les deux blocs privil\u00e9gient une approche diff\u00e9rente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, l\u2019administration Biden n\u2019est pas favorable \u00e0 l\u2019instauration de taxes suppl\u00e9mentaires sur l\u2019industrie m\u00e9tallurgique, notamment car celle-ci est concentr\u00e9e dans les \u00c9tats qui lui ont permis de remporter l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2020 \u2014 Pennsylvanie, qui repr\u00e9sente 5&#160;% de la production nationale, Illinois (4&#160;%) et Michigan (3&#160;%) notamment&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-189894' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-189894' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2022\/mcs2022-iron-steel.pdf&quot;&gt;Iron and Steel. U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries&lt;\/a&gt;, USGS, janvier 2022.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2019Union quant \u00e0 elle ne veut pas qu\u2019un tel accord contribue \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;<a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/14\/du-commerce-pour-le-climat\/\">faire d\u00e9railler ses progr\u00e8s<\/a> vers un m\u00e9canisme d\u2019ajustement carbone aux fronti\u00e8res qui s\u2019appliquerait \u00e0 un plus grand nombre de secteurs&#160;\u00bb et s\u2019oppose \u00e9galement \u00e0 ce que celui-ci puisse enfreindre les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019OMC en mati\u00e8re de libre concurrence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pendant ce temps, les derni\u00e8res projections indiquent que la Chine pourrait exporter cette ann\u00e9e jusqu\u2019\u00e0 77 millions de tonnes d\u2019acier \u2014 soit un niveau qui n\u2019avait plus \u00e9t\u00e9 atteint depuis 2016 \u2014, dont les prix sont retomb\u00e9s en mai \u00e0 leur niveau d\u2019avril 2020&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-189894' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-189894' title='Amy Lv et Dominique Patton, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/commodities\/china-steel-exports-seen-surging-seven-year-high-home-demand-wilts-2023-06-29\/&quot;&gt;China steel exports seen surging to seven-year high as home demand wilts&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Reuters&lt;\/em&gt;, 29 juin 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/6NYnY\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le sujet sera \u00e0 l\u2019agenda du voyage \u00e0 Washington pr\u00e9vu la semaine prochaine du commissaire europ\u00e9en au Commerce, Valdis Dombrovskis.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019Union a rejet\u00e9 une proposition am\u00e9ricaine relative \u00e0 l\u2019accord mondial sur l\u2019acier et l\u2019aluminium durables. Pour Bruxelles, un tel accord devrait scrupuleusement respecter les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019OMC ainsi que les politiques europ\u00e9ennes en mati\u00e8re de climat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":189898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"_lgc_tts_voice":"","_lgc_tts_publish":false,"_lgc_tts_history_item_id":"","_lgc_tts_generated_at":"","_lgc_tts_status":"","_lgc_tts_error":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525,1917],"class_list":["post-189894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-ameriques","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":189898,"excerpt":"L\u2019Union a rejet\u00e9 une proposition am\u00e9ricaine relative \u00e0 l\u2019accord mondial sur l\u2019acier et l\u2019aluminium durables. Pour Bruxelles, un tel accord devrait scrupuleusement respecter les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019OMC ainsi que les politiques europ\u00e9ennes en mati\u00e8re de climat.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Toujours aucun accord en vue entre Washington et Bruxelles sur l\u2019acier et l&#039;aluminium | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/29\/toujours-aucun-accord-en-vue-entre-washington-et-bruxelles-sur-lacier-et-laluminium\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Toujours aucun accord en vue entre Washington et Bruxelles sur l\u2019acier et l&#039;aluminium | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019Union a rejet\u00e9 une proposition am\u00e9ricaine relative \u00e0 l\u2019accord mondial sur l\u2019acier et l\u2019aluminium durables. 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