{"id":189555,"date":"2023-06-27T14:26:23","date_gmt":"2023-06-27T12:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=189555"},"modified":"2023-06-27T14:26:25","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T12:26:25","slug":"la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/","title":{"rendered":"La d\u00e9forestation des for\u00eats primaires tropicales continue de progresser, malgr\u00e9 les engagements des \u00c9tats"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le changement d\u2019affectation des terres \u2014 principalement la d\u00e9forestation \u2014 est l\u2019une des principales causes d\u2019\u00e9missions de CO2 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle globale, \u00e0 hauteur de 12 \u00e0 20&#160;% du total des \u00e9missions&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-189555' title='Charlene Watson et Liane Schalatek, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/climatefundsupdate.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/CFF5-2019-ENG-DIGITAL.pdf&quot;&gt;Climate Finance Thematic Briefing&amp;#160;: REDD+ Finance&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, Climate Funds Update, Heinrich B\u00f6ll Stiftung, f\u00e9vrier 2020.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. En novembre 2021, lors de la COP26 de Glasgow, 145 chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat et de gouvernement \u2014 dont les pays repr\u00e9sentent 90,94&#160;% de la surface foresti\u00e8re globale \u2014 signaient une d\u00e9claration sur les for\u00eats et l\u2019utilisation des terres par laquelle ils s\u2019engageaient \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;inverser la perte de for\u00eats et la d\u00e9gradation des sols d&rsquo;ici \u00e0 2030&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-189555' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/ukgwa\/20230418175226\/https:\/\/ukcop26.org\/glasgow-leaders-declaration-on-forests-and-land-use\/&quot;&gt;Glasgow Leaders\u2019 Declaration on Forest and Land Use&lt;\/a&gt;, Archives du gouvernement britannique, 2 novembre 2021.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/tZSOj\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 cet engagement, la d\u00e9forestation des for\u00eats primaires tropicales a progress\u00e9 de 10&#160;% l\u2019an dernier par rapport \u00e0 2021, passant de 3,75 millions d&rsquo;hectares d\u00e9truits \u00e0 4,12 millions, selon un nouveau rapport du World Resources Institute&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-189555' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/research.wri.org\/gfr\/latest-analysis-deforestation-trends?utm_campaign=treecoverloss2022&amp;amp;utm_medium=bitly&amp;amp;utm_source=PressKit&quot;&gt;Forest Pulse&amp;#160;: The Latest on the World\u2019s Forests&lt;\/a&gt;, World Resources Institute, 27 juin 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/14266948\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les for\u00eats primaires tropicales \u2014 dont les trois-quarts de la surface totale est concentr\u00e9e dans seulement sept pays \u2014 occupent une position cruciale dans la lutte contre le changement climatique en raison de leur r\u00f4le jou\u00e9 dans la concentration et l\u2019absorption du dioxyde de carbone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si elles constituaient autrefois indiscutablement un puits de carbone, des \u00e9tudes indiquent que certaines de ces for\u00eats primaires tropicales sont devenues ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es des sources nettes d\u2019\u00e9missions de CO2 en raison de la d\u00e9forestation et de leur d\u00e9gradation&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-189555' title='Gatti, L.V., Basso, L.S., Miller, J.B. et al., \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-021-03629-6&quot;&gt;Amazonia as a carbon source linked to deforestation and climate change&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Nature,&lt;\/em&gt; 595, 388\u2013393 (2021).'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les 4,12 millions d&rsquo;hectares de for\u00eats d\u00e9truits l\u2019an dernier ont ainsi rel\u00e2ch\u00e9 au total 2,7 gigatonnes de CO2 dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re, soit l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent des \u00e9missions annuelles de dioxyde de carbone de l\u2019Inde (troisi\u00e8me \u00e9metteur mondial derri\u00e8re la Chine et les \u00c9tats-Unis).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/N5Cxi\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>En raison de la <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/14\/vers-la-creation-dun-ministere-des-peuples-autochtones-au-bresil\/\">politique environnementale d\u00e9sastreuse<\/a> de l\u2019administration Bolsonaro (au pouvoir de 2019 \u00e0 fin 2022), le Br\u00e9sil demeure de loin le pays dont la surface de for\u00eats primaires tropicales diminue le plus, avec la perte d\u20191,8 million d\u2019hectares l\u2019an dernier, soit 43&#160;% de la surface totale perdue. Selon des activistes \u00e9cologistes, l\u2019anticipation de la d\u00e9faite de Bolsonaro lors de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle d\u2019octobre 2022 a conduit \u00e0 une acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration des activit\u00e9s d\u2019orpaillage et de d\u00e9forestation au Br\u00e9sil au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-189555' title='Camilla Hodgson, Steven Bernard et Bryan Harris, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/1ad02550-f5db-4ba1-a401-23066a1dd0a1&quot;&gt;Tropical forests shrunk by 10&amp;#160;% in 2022&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 27 juin 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/wh78W\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que certains pays comme l\u2019Indon\u00e9sie, le Costa Rica ou bien la Chine aient consid\u00e9rablement r\u00e9duit leurs pertes de surface de for\u00eats primaires tropicales l\u2019an dernier par rapport \u00e0 2021, les feux, l\u2019exploitation de ressources naturelles (notamment l\u2019or) et l\u2019agriculture ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 une augmentation significative de la d\u00e9forestation au Ghana (+ 71&#160;% en un an), en Bolivie (+ 59&#160;%) et en Angola (+ 52&#160;%).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/FdgAA\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/31\/lula-a-remporte-les-elections-au-bresil-que-va-t-il-se-passer-desormais\/\">l\u2019arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de Lula<\/a> laisse esp\u00e9rer la mise en place de politiques plus ambitieuses pour lutter contre la d\u00e9forestation au Br\u00e9sil et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle globale, les conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et climatiques jouent un r\u00f4le crucial dans la perte de surfaces foresti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En prenant en compte toutes les for\u00eats (primaires, secondaires ainsi que les plantations), la perte totale de surface foresti\u00e8re a diminu\u00e9 de 10&#160;% entre 2021 et 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ce changement est cependant d\u00fb \u00e0 une diminution globale des feux de for\u00eats. En Russie, la d\u00e9forestation non li\u00e9e aux incendies (d\u00e9frichement, agriculture et causes naturelles) est rest\u00e9e stable l\u2019an dernier par rapport \u00e0 2021, tandis que les feux ont provoqu\u00e9 la perte de 3,12 millions d\u2019hectares en 2022 contre 5,36 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bien que l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2022 ait \u00e9t\u00e9 une ann\u00e9e relativement calme pour les feux de for\u00eat dans le monde \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/08\/18\/le-nombre-dhectares-brules-dans-les-forets-europeennes-est-en-passe-detablir-un-nouveau-record\/\">\u00e0 part en Europe<\/a>&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-189555' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/atmosphere.copernicus.eu\/europes-summer-wildfire-emissions-highest-15-years&quot;&gt;Europe\u2019s summer wildfire emissions highest in 15 years&lt;\/a&gt;, Copernicus, 6 septembre 2022.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> \u2014, les experts des Nations unies anticipent que les incendies dits \u00ab&#160;extr\u00eames&#160;\u00bb pourraient augmenter de 50&#160;% d\u2019ici \u00e0 2100 en raison du changement climatique et du changement d\u2019affectation des terres&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-189555' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-189555' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/report\/spreading-wildfire-rising-threat-extraordinary-landscape-fires&quot;&gt;Spreading like Wildfire&amp;#160;: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires&lt;\/a&gt;, Programme des Nations unies pour l&amp;rsquo;environnement, 23 f\u00e9vrier 2022.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 2022, 4,1 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat primaire tropicale ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle globale, soit une augmentation de 10&#160;% par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. Malgr\u00e9 les engagements pris \u00e0 la COP26 de Glasgow, la d\u00e9forestation de ces for\u00eats continue de progresser, contribuant au r\u00e9chauffement climatique et \u00e0 la perte de biodiversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":189553,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-189555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":189553,"excerpt":"En 2022, 4,1 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat primaire tropicale ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle globale, soit une augmentation de 10 % par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. Malgr\u00e9 les engagements pris \u00e0 la COP26 de Glasgow, la d\u00e9forestation de ces for\u00eats continue de progresser, contribuant au r\u00e9chauffement climatique et \u00e0 la perte de biodiversit\u00e9.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La d\u00e9forestation des for\u00eats primaires tropicales continue de progresser, malgr\u00e9 les engagements des \u00c9tats | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La d\u00e9forestation des for\u00eats primaires tropicales continue de progresser, malgr\u00e9 les engagements des \u00c9tats | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 2022, 4,1 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat primaire tropicale ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truits \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle globale, soit une augmentation de 10&#160;% par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. Malgr\u00e9 les engagements pris \u00e0 la COP26 de Glasgow, la d\u00e9forestation de ces for\u00eats continue de progresser, contribuant au r\u00e9chauffement climatique et \u00e0 la perte de biodiversit\u00e9.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/06\/27\/la-deforestation-des-forets-primaires-tropicales-continue-de-progresser-malgre-les-engagements-des-etats\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-27T12:26:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-27T12:26:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/06\/gc-perte-couverture-forestiere-e1687868356337.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1453\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"821\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" 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