{"id":186202,"date":"2023-05-23T17:20:28","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T15:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=186202"},"modified":"2023-05-23T17:20:30","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T15:20:30","slug":"dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/","title":{"rendered":"Dans l\u2019Indo-Pacifique, Washington intensifie sa lutte contre l\u2019influence de P\u00e9kin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de l\u2019administration Biden en janvier 2021 a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e par un regain d&rsquo;activisme diplomatique am\u00e9ricain dans la zone <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/06\/23\/leurope-et-lasie-non-chinoise-historique-du-concept-dindo-pacifique\/\">Indo-Pacifique<\/a>, illustr\u00e9 par la <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/05\/13\/retour-de-lindo-pacifique-au-coeur-de-lagenda-americain\/\">reprise de la collaboration avec l\u2019ASEAN<\/a> \u2014 au point mort durant le mandat de Donald Trump, notamment lorsque ce dernier refusait de participer aux sommets annuels de l\u2019Association, m\u00eame virtuellement&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-186202' title='Sebastian Strangio, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2020\/11\/at-annual-summit-us-stumbles-on-engagement-with-southeast-asia-again\/&quot;&gt;At Annual Summit, US Stumbles on Engagement With Southeast Asia \u2013 Again&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Diplomat&lt;\/em&gt;, 16 novembre 2020.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/PzNbN\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis son arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 la Maison-Blanche, Joe Biden a remis l\u2019Indo-Pacifique au centre de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Au cours des deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, Antony Blinken s\u2019est rendu \u00e0 20 reprises dans des pays de la r\u00e9gion, notamment trois fois en Indon\u00e9sie et quatre fois au Japon.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En septembre 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/lancement-du-cadre-economique-indo-pacifique-pour-la-prosperite-de-biden\/\">Biden lan\u00e7ait le Cadre \u00e9conomique Indo-Pacifique pour la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9<\/a> (IPEF), rassemblant les \u00c9tats-Unis et 13 pays de la r\u00e9gion articul\u00e9 autour de 4 th\u00e8mes&#160;: le commerce \u00e9quitable et r\u00e9silient&#160;; la r\u00e9silience des cha\u00eenes d\u2019approvisionnement&#160;; les infrastructures, l\u2019\u00e9nergie propre et la d\u00e9carbonation&#160;; l\u2019imposition et la lutte contre la corruption.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En janvier, les Philippines annon\u00e7aient <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/08\/quel-role-pour-les-philippines-en-indo-pacifique\/\">octroyer l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux forces am\u00e9ricaines \u00e0 quatre sites suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/a> situ\u00e9s sur l\u2019archipel. Dans le cadre de l\u2019<em>Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement<\/em> sign\u00e9 en avril 2014, les arm\u00e9es am\u00e9ricaines ont d\u00e9sormais acc\u00e8s \u00e0 9 sites aux Philippines&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-186202' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.defense.gov\/News\/Releases\/Release\/Article\/3349257\/philippines-us-announce-locations-of-four-new-edca-sites\/&quot;&gt;Philippines, U.S. Announce Locations of Four New EDCA Sites&lt;\/a&gt;, U.S. Department of Defense, 3 avril 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/AhRTV\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Lundi 22 mai, le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain Antony Blinken \u00e9tait \u00e0 Port Moresby pour y signer, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du Premier ministre de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e James Marape, un pacte de coop\u00e9ration en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9fense. Si Blinken s\u2019est d\u00e9fendu, lors d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence de presse suivant la signature, du fait que cet accord ait \u00ab&#160;quoi que ce soit \u00e0 voir d\u2019autres pays&#160;\u00bb, la Chine est au c\u0153ur des pr\u00e9occupations de Washington dans la r\u00e9gion. En avril 2022, P\u00e9kin signait avec les \u00celes Salomon un accord s\u00e9curitaire, t\u00e9moignant ainsi de l\u2019influence grandissante de la Chine dans le Pacifique Sud&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-186202' title='Zongyuan Zoe Liu, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/in-brief\/china-solomon-islands-security-pact-us-south-pacific&quot;&gt;What the China-Solomon Islands Pact Means for the U.S. and South Pacific&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, Council on Foreign Relations, 4 mai 2022.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/13867114\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 du cadre structurant de la rivalit\u00e9 sino-am\u00e9ricaine, Washington mise sur d\u2019autres th\u00e9matiques pour renforcer ses liens avec les \u00eeles du Pacifique \u2014 et ainsi les maintenir \u00e0 distance de P\u00e9kin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selon le chercheur au CSIS Charles Edel, l\u2019administration Biden doit r\u00e9pondre aux pr\u00e9occupations locales de ces pays \u00ab&#160;pour faire de r\u00e9elles avanc\u00e9es&#160;\u00bb&#160;: changement climatique, protection des zones de p\u00eache, d\u00e9veloppement durable&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-186202' title='Dave Lawler, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2023\/05\/22\/us-deals-papua-new-guinea-micronesia-palau&quot;&gt;Biden seals 3 deals in Pacific islands as U.S. competes with China&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Axios&lt;\/em&gt;, 23 mai 2023.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Au cours du Dialogue entre les dirigeants des \u00c9tats-Unis et des \u00eeles du Pacifique qui s\u2019est tenu lundi 22 mai \u2014 auquel Joe Biden n\u2019a pas pu assister en raison des <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/ladministration-biden-negocie-le-relevement-du-plafond-de-la-dette-americaine\/\">n\u00e9gociations sur la hausse du plafond de la dette<\/a> \u2014, le D\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain a mis en avant sa d\u00e9termination \u00ab&#160;\u00e0 aider les \u00eeles du Pacifique \u00e0 g\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fois les effets soudains du changement climatique, tels que les grandes temp\u00eates, et les effets \u00e0 long terme, tels que l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de la mer&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-186202' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.state.gov\/u-s-pacific-islands-forum-leaders-dialogue-in-papua-new-guinea\/&quot;&gt;U.S.-Pacific Islands Forum Leaders Dialogue in Papua New Guinea&lt;\/a&gt;, U.S. Department of State, 22 mai 2023.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Malgr\u00e9 leurs \u00e9missions de CO2 par habitant relativement faibles, les \u00eeles du Pacifique ainsi que des pays asiatiques \u2014 Vietnam, Laos, Tha\u00eflande, Cambodge\u2026 \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/23\/les-pays-les-plus-vulnerables-au-changement-climatique-sont-ceux-qui-emettent-le-moins-de-co2\/\">figurent parmi les plus vuln\u00e9rables face aux effets du changement climatique<\/a>, et notamment de la hausse du niveau de la mer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/BEDmM\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Lundi 22 mai, Antony Blinken a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la signature de l\u2019extension du trait\u00e9 de libre-association (COFA, ou <em>Compact of Free Association<\/em>) liant les Palaos aux \u00c9tats-Unis pour une dur\u00e9e de 20 ans, et participera \u00e0 une c\u00e9r\u00e9monie similaire mardi pour l\u2019extension du COFA avec la Micron\u00e9sie&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-186202' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-186202' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.state.gov\/secretary-blinken-witnesses-the-signing-of-the-u-s-palau-2023-agreement-following-the-compact-of-free-association-section-432-review\/&quot;&gt;Secretary Blinken Witnesses the Signing of the U.S.-Palau 2023 Agreement Following the Compact of Free Association Section 432 Review&lt;\/a&gt;, U.S. Department of State, 22 mai 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. En vertu de ces accords, les \u00c9tats-Unis financent une partie importante des budgets de ces pays (Palaos, Micron\u00e9sie et \u00celes Marshall), sont responsables de leur d\u00e9fense et b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient en \u00e9change d&rsquo;un acc\u00e8s illimit\u00e9 aux eaux territoriales de ces archipels ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 leur espaces a\u00e9riens.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lundi 22 mai, le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain Antony Blinken a sign\u00e9 deux accords avec la Papouasie Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e ainsi que les Palaos et doit en signer un troisi\u00e8me aujourd\u2019hui avec la Micron\u00e9sie. Au c\u0153ur de ces derniers&#160;&#160;: contrer l\u2019influence grandissante de la Chine dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":186200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[531],"class_list":["post-186202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","geo-chine"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Dans l\u2019Indo-Pacifique, Washington intensifie sa lutte contre l\u2019influence de P\u00e9kin | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/05\/23\/dans-lindo-pacifique-washington-intensifie-sa-lutte-contre-linfluence-de-pekin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dans l\u2019Indo-Pacifique, Washington intensifie sa lutte contre l\u2019influence de P\u00e9kin | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lundi 22 mai, le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain Antony Blinken a sign\u00e9 deux accords avec la Papouasie Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e ainsi que les Palaos et doit en signer un troisi\u00e8me aujourd\u2019hui avec la Micron\u00e9sie. 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