{"id":180954,"date":"2023-03-28T16:36:38","date_gmt":"2023-03-28T14:36:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=180954"},"modified":"2023-03-28T16:39:12","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T14:39:12","slug":"le-japon-et-les-etats-unis-signent-un-accord-sur-les-mineraux-critiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/28\/le-japon-et-les-etats-unis-signent-un-accord-sur-les-mineraux-critiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Japon et les \u00c9tats-Unis signent un accord sur les mat\u00e9riaux critiques"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L&rsquo;Inflation Reduction Act, qui devrait contribuer d\u2019ici 2030 \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions am\u00e9ricaines de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre de moiti\u00e9 par rapport aux niveaux de 2005, pr\u00e9voit des cr\u00e9dits d&rsquo;imp\u00f4t pour les acheteurs d\u2019un v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique assembl\u00e9 aux \u00c9tats-Unis.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La moiti\u00e9 du cr\u00e9dit accord\u00e9 aux consommateurs acheteurs \u2014 7500 dollars de d\u00e9ductions fiscales pour l\u2019achat d\u2019un v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique \u2014 est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux v\u00e9hicules et aux batteries assembl\u00e9s en Am\u00e9rique du Nord&#160;; l&rsquo;autre moiti\u00e9 est subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 la condition qu&rsquo;au moins 40&#160;% de la valeur des mat\u00e9riaux critiques contenus dans la batterie aient \u00e9t\u00e9 extraits ou trait\u00e9s aux \u00c9tats-Unis, ou dans un pays signataire d&rsquo;un accord de libre-\u00e9change avec les \u00c9tats-Unis.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ceci excluait potentiellement l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne et le Japon \u2014 d&rsquo;o\u00f9 les n\u00e9gociations avec Tokyo&#160;; le 9 mars dernier, la secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9nergie Jennifer Granholm a aussi d\u00e9clar\u00e9 au <em>Financial Times <\/em>que Washington avait entam\u00e9 des pourparlers avec l&rsquo;Union sur le commerce des mat\u00e9riaux critiques, point pr\u00e9sent \u00e9galement \u00e0 l&rsquo;ordre du jour de la visite d\u2019Ursula von der Leyen \u00e0 Washington le 10 f\u00e9vrier dernier&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-180954' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/28\/le-japon-et-les-etats-unis-signent-un-accord-sur-les-mineraux-critiques\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-180954' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/22f83d2b-4f91-4012-99a1-638ff6dedbeb&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;US energy secretary offers olive branch to EU in green subsidies row&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times, &lt;\/em&gt;10 mars 2023.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/12636732\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019issue des n\u00e9gociations, les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Japon ont conclu ce mardi un accord sur les mat\u00e9riaux des batteries de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L&rsquo;accord interdit aux deux pays d&rsquo;introduire des restrictions bilat\u00e9rales \u00e0 l&rsquo;exportation de mat\u00e9riaux tels que le lithium, le nickel et le cobalt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En vertu de cet accord, les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques fabriqu\u00e9s par les constructeurs automobiles japonais b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront aussi d&rsquo;un acc\u00e8s plus large \u00e0 de nouveaux all\u00e8gements fiscaux aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/T0ynY\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019accord vise aussi \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser l\u2019approvisionnement am\u00e9ricain et japonais en mat\u00e9riaux critiques, alors que <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/21\/10-points-sur-les-metaux-strategiques\/\">la Chine reste un acteur indispensable pour la production et le raffinage grande partie d\u2019entre eux<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00c0 travers des IDE et des prises de participation majoritaires dans diff\u00e9rentes mines, la Chine contr\u00f4le plus de 50&#160;% de la production mondiale de cobalt, plus de 60&nbsp;&#160;% du lithium, plus de 80&#160;% du magn\u00e9sium et plus de 70&#160;% du graphite.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u00e9kin a aussi renforc\u00e9 depuis le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000 son poids dans les activit\u00e9s de raffinage des minerais strat\u00e9giques&#160;; la Chine est d\u00e9sormais le leader mondial en la mati\u00e8re, transformant 80&#160;% des m\u00e9taux pr\u00e9sents dans les batteries de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En cons\u00e9quence, l&rsquo;accord engage les parties prenantes \u00e0 la collaboration pour lutter contre les \u00ab&#160;politiques et pratiques non commerciales&#160;\u00bb d&rsquo;autres pays dans le secteur&#160;; les deux pays proc\u00e9deront aussi \u00e0 des examens des investissements \u00e9trangers dans leurs cha\u00eenes d&rsquo;approvisionnement en minerais essentiels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/4RXTD\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet accord survient alors que la banque Goldman Sachs a \u00e9valu\u00e9 le co\u00fbt r\u00e9el de l\u2019Inflation Reduction Act au triple du budget pr\u00e9vu par le Congr\u00e8s am\u00e9ricain&#160;; la banque estime le co\u00fbt du paquet d\u2019aides fiscales \u00e0 1200 milliards de dollars, le Congr\u00e8s l\u2019ayant estim\u00e9 \u00e0 370 milliards.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Japon ont sign\u00e9 ce mardi un accord portant sur les mat\u00e9riaux n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication des batteries de voitures \u00e9lectriques. Washington cherche \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance de sa cha\u00eene d&rsquo;approvisionnement \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard de la Chine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":180955,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525],"class_list":["post-180954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-ameriques"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":180955,"excerpt":"Les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Japon ont sign\u00e9 ce mardi un accord portant sur les mat\u00e9riaux n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication des batteries de voitures \u00e9lectriques. Washington cherche \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance de sa cha\u00eene d'approvisionnement \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard de la Chine.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le Japon et les \u00c9tats-Unis signent un accord sur les mat\u00e9riaux critiques | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/28\/le-japon-et-les-etats-unis-signent-un-accord-sur-les-mineraux-critiques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le Japon et les \u00c9tats-Unis signent un accord sur les mat\u00e9riaux critiques | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Japon ont sign\u00e9 ce mardi un accord portant sur les mat\u00e9riaux n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication des batteries de voitures \u00e9lectriques. Washington cherche \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance de sa cha\u00eene d&#039;approvisionnement \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9gard de la Chine.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/03\/28\/le-japon-et-les-etats-unis-signent-un-accord-sur-les-mineraux-critiques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-28T14:36:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-28T14:39:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/03\/4RXTD-estimations-du-co-t-de-l-inflation-reduction-act.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1240\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"710\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matheo Malik\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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