{"id":176070,"date":"2023-02-01T17:57:30","date_gmt":"2023-02-01T16:57:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=176070"},"modified":"2023-02-01T18:50:25","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T17:50:25","slug":"rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/","title":{"rendered":"Rapprochement entre Washington et Delhi sur fond de rivalit\u00e9 avec la Chine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un format bilat\u00e9ral sur les \u00ab&#160;technologies critiques et \u00e9mergentes&#160;\u00bb a pour la premi\u00e8re fois \u00e9t\u00e9 mentionn\u00e9e suite \u00e0 la rencontre entre le Premier ministre indien Narendra Modi et son homologue am\u00e9ricain, Joe Biden, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion d\u2019une rencontre \u00e0 Tokyo en mai 2022 dans le cadre d\u2019un sommet du Quad \u2014 qui r\u00e9unit les \u00c9tats-Unis, l\u2019Inde, le Japon et l\u2019Australie.&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-176070' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2022\/05\/24\/readout-of-president-bidens-meeting-with-prime-minister-modi-of-india\/&quot;&gt;Readout of President Biden\u2019s Meeting with Prime Minister Modi of India&lt;\/a&gt;, Maison-Blanche, 24 mai 2022.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cette initiative est pilot\u00e9e directement par les cabinets des deux conseillers \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale&#160;: <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/01\/jake-sullivan-la-guerre-technologique-entre-washington-et-pekin\/\">Jake Sullivan<\/a>, \u00e0 la t\u00eate du NSC (<em>National Security Council<\/em>) et Ajit Doval (NCSC, ou <em>National Security Council Secretariat<\/em>), conseiller \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale indien.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Il ne s\u2019agit pas ici de la signature d\u2019un nouvel accord mais d\u2019un \u00ab&#160;\u00e9largissement&#160;\u00bb visant \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;renforcer et \u00e9tendre le partenariat technologique strat\u00e9gique et la coop\u00e9ration industrielle en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9fense entre les gouvernements, les entreprises et les institutions universitaires&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-176070' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2023\/01\/31\/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-elevate-strategic-partnership-with-the-initiative-on-critical-and-emerging-technology-icet\/&quot;&gt;FACT SHEET&amp;#160;: United States and India Elevate Strategic Partnership with the initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET)&lt;\/a&gt;, Maison-Blanche, 31 janvier 2023.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ws927\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les domaines de coop\u00e9ration de cet \u00e9largissement concernent notamment&#160;:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>le renforcement de la coop\u00e9ration \u00e0 long terme en mati\u00e8re de recherche et de d\u00e9veloppement, particuli\u00e8rement dans les champs de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime, du renseignement, de la surveillance et de la reconnaissance&#160;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>le soutien au d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de conception, de fabrication et de production de semi-conducteurs en Inde&#160;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la contribution des \u00c9tats-Unis au d\u00e9veloppement de canons et de v\u00e9hicules de combat blind\u00e9s en Inde visant \u00e0 aider Delhi \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;d\u00e9velopper une industrie de d\u00e9fense indig\u00e8ne pour sa propre d\u00e9fense et l&rsquo;exportation&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-176070' title='Ellen Nakashima, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2023\/01\/31\/india-us-tech-defense\/&quot;&gt;U.S. and India launch high-level defense and tech initiative&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Washington Post&lt;\/em&gt;, 31 janvier 2023.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Honored to welcome Indian National Security Advisor Doval to the White House to launch the next milestone in the U.S.-India strategic technology and defense partnership. Together, we will deliver for our people and economies, and continue to advance a free and open Indo-Pacific. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/VEDZTJw8Ct\">pic.twitter.com\/VEDZTJw8Ct<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Jake Sullivan (@JakeSullivan46) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/JakeSullivan46\/status\/1620603831523606531?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 1, 2023<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Washington s\u2019engage \u00e9galement \u00e0 favoriser l\u2019acc\u00e8s de l\u2019Inde aux technologies de calcul intensif (ou High Performance Computing, qui concernent les calculs r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par les superordinateurs utilis\u00e9s notamment dans le champ de l\u2019intelligence artificielle), \u00e0 l\u2019oppos\u00e9 de <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/01\/27\/les-etats-unis-rallient-les-pays-bas-et-le-japon-dans-la-guerre-technologique-contre-pekin\/\">la dynamique visant \u00e0 limiter l\u2019acc\u00e8s de P\u00e9kin \u00e0 des technologies am\u00e9ricaines<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/cdn.knightlab.com\/libs\/timeline3\/latest\/embed\/index.html?source=14-SZIw4Gula54BALe1St3dAWMH7mDuUzSTO7cfBg07M&amp;font=Default&amp;lang=en&amp;initial_zoom=2&amp;height=650' width='100%' height='650' webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen frameborder='0'\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La coop\u00e9ration technologique entre les deux pays a par le pass\u00e9 conduit \u00e0 des frictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dans les ann\u00e9es 1970, les \u00c9tats-Unis ont impos\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Inde des contr\u00f4les \u00e0 l\u2019exportation visant \u00e0 limiter le d\u00e9veloppement des technologies n\u00e9cessaires au d&rsquo;armes nucl\u00e9aires.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depuis la lev\u00e9e de ces sanctions en 2001, de nombreux accords ont \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9s notamment l\u2019accord sur le renseignement g\u00e9ospatial en 2020, renfor\u00e7ant la coop\u00e9ration technologique&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-176070' title='Rajat Pandit, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/india\/india-us-to-ink-pact-for-geospatial-intelligence-will-help-in-missile-targeting-navigation\/articleshow\/78877533.cms&quot;&gt;India, US to ink pact for geospatial intelligence, will help in missile-targeting &amp;amp; navigation&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Times of India&lt;\/em&gt;, 27 octobre 2020.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depuis l\u2019arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de Biden les relations sont devenues plus \u00e9troites. En d\u00e9cembre 2021, le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain avait invit\u00e9 Modi au premier \u00ab&#160;Sommet pour la d\u00e9mocratie&#160;\u00bb visant \u00e0 rassembler les <em>like-minded partners <\/em>pour r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la \u00ab&#160;pression ext\u00e9rieure des autocrates&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-176070' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/speeches-remarks\/2021\/12\/09\/remarks-by-president-biden-at-the-summit-for-democracy-opening-session\/&quot;&gt;Remarks By President Biden At The Summit For Democracy Opening Session&lt;\/a&gt;, Maison-Blanche, 9 d\u00e9cembre 2021.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce rapprochement acte l\u2019\u00e9loignement vis-\u00e0-vis de P\u00e9kin. L\u2019arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de Xi Jinping en 2013 a co\u00efncid\u00e9 avec l\u2019intensification des man\u0153uvres militaires et des crises \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re sino-indienne, culminant en 2020 avec les combats de Ladakh ayant conduit \u00e0 la mort de 20 militaires indiens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/12616540\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le 31 janvier, l\u2019Inde a annonc\u00e9 envisager des mesures tarifaires et non-tarifaires visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les importations de biens de consommation et de produits \u00e9lectroniques, notamment en provenance de Chine, afin de r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres commerciaux existants&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-6-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-176070' title='Shubham Batra, Sarita Chaganti Singh and Shivangi Acharya, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/india-plans-measures-curb-chinese-imports-trade-gap-concerns-mount-sources-2023-01-30\/&quot;&gt;India plans measures to curb Chinese imports as trade gap concerns mount&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Reuters&lt;\/em&gt;, 31 janvier 2023.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sur la p\u00e9riode avril-d\u00e9cembre 2022, le d\u00e9ficit commercial s\u2019est creus\u00e9 de 28&#160;% par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. Si la demande int\u00e9rieure indienne est rest\u00e9e forte, la politique z\u00e9ro-Covid chinoise a r\u00e9duit le volume des importations en provenance d\u2019Inde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Malgr\u00e9 sa politique de non-alignement, l\u2019Inde cherche de plus en plus \u00e0 limiter sa vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 vis-\u00e0-vis de la Chine dans des domaines critiques. En 2020, le minist\u00e8re du Commerce et de l\u2019Industrie indien annon\u00e7ait que \u00ab&#160;les investissements provenant de tout pays partageant une fronti\u00e8re terrestre avec l&rsquo;Inde seront soumis \u00e0 un processus d&rsquo;approbation gouvernemental&#160;\u00bb. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que le Pakistan et le Bangladesh faisaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 l&rsquo;objet de restrictions, cette annonce visait en premier lieu les investissements chinois&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-7-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-176070' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/newsite\/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=202359&quot;&gt;Government amends the extant FDI policy for curbing opportunistic takeovers\/acquisitions of Indian companies due to the current COVID-19 pandemic&lt;\/a&gt;, Minist\u00e8re indien du Commerce et de l\u2019Industrie, 18 avril 2020.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les autorit\u00e9s indiennes ont \u00e9galement restreint l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s des investisseurs chinois aux march\u00e9s publics indiens, aux secteurs de la technologie, des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-8-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-176070' title='Tanvi Madan, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/china\/china-has-lost-india&quot;&gt;China Has Lost India. How Beijing\u2019s Aggression Pushed New Delhi to the West&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Foreign Affairs&lt;\/em&gt;, 4 octobre 2022.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>De par sa taille et sa g\u00e9ographie, l\u2019Inde occupe \u00e9galement une place centrale dans <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/05\/13\/retour-de-lindo-pacifique-au-coeur-de-lagenda-americain\/\">l\u2019agenda Indo-Pacifique de l\u2019administration Biden<\/a>. Si Jake Sullivan a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que ce rapprochement s&rsquo;inscrivait dans la strat\u00e9gie visant \u00e0 \u00ab&#160;renforcer les liens des \u00c9tats-Unis avec les alli\u00e9s et les partenaires dans la r\u00e9gion indo-pacifique&#160;\u00bb, Delhi reste prudent sur la pr\u00e9sence militaire chinoise en mer de Chine du Sud et sur Ta\u00efwan, accordant plus d\u2019importance aux crises frontali\u00e8res avec la Chine et le Pakistan&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-9-176070' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/#easy-footnote-bottom-9-176070' title='Demetri Sevastopulo et John Reed, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/0fad1ae7-07f8-44cc-9df6-c8e2e03d404f&quot;&gt;US and India launch ambitious tech and defence initiatives&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 31 janvier 2023.'><sup>9<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hier, les conseillers \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale indien et am\u00e9ricain ont pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 la r\u00e9union inaugurale d\u2019un nouveau format entre Washington et New Delhi portant sur les \u00ab&#160;technologies critiques et \u00e9mergentes&#160;\u00bb. Celui-ci vise \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la coop\u00e9ration des deux pays dans des domaines strat\u00e9giques&#160;: d\u00e9fense, cha\u00eenes de valeur, semi-conducteurs, spatial.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":176078,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":5,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[525,531],"class_list":["post-176070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-ameriques","geo-chine"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":176078,"excerpt":"Hier, les conseillers \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale indien et am\u00e9ricain ont pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 la r\u00e9union inaugurale d\u2019un nouveau format entre Washington et New Delhi portant sur les \u00ab technologies critiques et \u00e9mergentes \u00bb. Celui-ci vise \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la coop\u00e9ration des deux pays dans des domaines strat\u00e9giques : d\u00e9fense, cha\u00eenes de valeur, semi-conducteurs, spatial.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Rapprochement entre Washington et Delhi sur fond de rivalit\u00e9 avec la Chine | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rapprochement entre Washington et Delhi sur fond de rivalit\u00e9 avec la Chine | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hier, les conseillers \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale indien et am\u00e9ricain ont pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 la r\u00e9union inaugurale d\u2019un nouveau format entre Washington et New Delhi portant sur les \u00ab&#160;technologies critiques et \u00e9mergentes&#160;\u00bb. Celui-ci vise \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la coop\u00e9ration des deux pays dans des domaines strat\u00e9giques&#160;: d\u00e9fense, cha\u00eenes de valeur, semi-conducteurs, spatial.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2023\/02\/01\/rapprochement-entre-washington-et-delhi-sous-fonds-de-rivalite-avec-la-chine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-01T16:57:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-01T17:50:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/02\/gc-biden-modi-e1675270116206.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1453\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"812\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta 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