{"id":167028,"date":"2022-11-09T15:26:49","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T14:26:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=167028"},"modified":"2022-11-09T19:01:41","modified_gmt":"2022-11-09T18:01:41","slug":"laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019augmentation des importations de GNL en Europe nuit aux capacit\u00e9s d\u2019achat des pays en d\u00e9veloppement"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>En octobre, la consommation europ\u00e9enne de gaz naturel \u00e9tait inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 25&#160;% par rapport \u00e0 la moyenne 2019-2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Celle-ci est entra\u00een\u00e9e par la r\u00e9duction de la consommation industrielle et domestique qui s\u2019explique par des temp\u00e9ratures inf\u00e9rieures aux moyennes de saison et par une <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/01\/en-allemagne-le-cout-de-lenergie-provoque-larret-de-certaines-productions\/\">baisse de la production dans certains secteurs<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c0 l\u2019inverse, le gaz consomm\u00e9 pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 \u00e9tait en hausse de 2&#160;% en octobre par rapport \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode en 2021.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/11756454\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les r\u00e9serves europ\u00e9ennes de gaz sont \u00e9galement quasiment pleines, d\u00e9passant largement <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/07\/20\/la-commission-recommande-aux-etats-membres-de-commencer-a-rationner-leur-consommation-de-gaz\/\">l\u2019objectif de 80&#160;% de remplissage<\/a> fix\u00e9 par la Commission europ\u00e9enne, se situant \u00e0 95,35&#160;% au 7 novembre. Selon la moyenne sur les ann\u00e9es 2014-2021, seulement un tiers (entre 29 et 38&#160;%, selon les ann\u00e9es) de la demande europ\u00e9enne de gaz en hiver est pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e dans les r\u00e9serves&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-167028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-167028' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/data.europa.eu\/data\/datasets\/kmdru8h4m7plcbtyrim5g?locale=en&quot;&gt;Supply, transformation and consumption of gas &amp;#8211; monthly data&lt;\/a&gt;, Commission europ\u00e9enne'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/CufD6\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Si l\u2019Europe a \u00e9t\u00e9 en mesure de remplir ses capacit\u00e9s de stockage en grande partie gr\u00e2ce aux importations de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 (GNL), les bouleversements provoqu\u00e9s sur les march\u00e9s internationaux par l\u2019arr\u00eat quasi-total d\u2019approvisionnement de l\u2019Europe en gaz russe, ont des cons\u00e9quences importantes sur les pays en d\u00e9veloppement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/QuFoa\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Selon le groupe de travail Union-\u00c9tats-Unis sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, dont la derni\u00e8re r\u00e9union s\u2019est tenue le 3 novembre \u00e0 Washington&#160;: \u00ab&#160;rien que cette ann\u00e9e, entre janvier et octobre, environ 48 milliards de m3 de GNL ont \u00e9t\u00e9 export\u00e9s des \u00c9tats-Unis vers l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne, soit 26 milliards de m3 de plus que pour l&rsquo;ensemble de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2021&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-167028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-167028' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/fr\/STATEMENT_22_6582&quot;&gt;Joint Statement following the latest meeting of the EU-US Task Force on Energy Security&lt;\/a&gt;, Commission europ\u00e9enne, 7 novembre 2022.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les pr\u00e9visions de BloombergNEF indiquent que la demande europ\u00e9enne de GNL devrait se maintenir \u00e0 des niveaux bien sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux de 2021, et progressivement augmenter au cours des prochaines ann\u00e9es&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-167028' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-167028' title='Stephen Stapczynski, Anna Shiryaevskaya et Faseeh Mangi, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-11-08\/eu-energy-crisis-sparked-by-ukraine-war-to-create-blackouts-in-poor-countries?cmpid=BBD110822_BIZ&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_source=newsletter&amp;amp;utm_term=221108&amp;amp;utm_campaign=bloombergdaily&quot;&gt;Europe\u2019s Energy Crunch Will Trigger Years of Shortages and Blackouts&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 8 novembre 2022.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/11756009\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, sur le march\u00e9 de GNL, les pays en d\u00e9veloppement sont aujourd\u2019hui en comp\u00e9tition directe avec des offres plus on\u00e9reuses de la part de pays europ\u00e9ens, plus riches. De plus, l\u2019augmentation des co\u00fbts de livraison \u2014 qui sont pass\u00e9s d\u2019environ 33 millions de dollars pour un m\u00e9thanier dans les ann\u00e9es 2010 \u00e0 presque 100 millions en 2022 \u2014 nuit aux capacit\u00e9s d\u2019achat de pays en d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e0 tel point que les fournisseurs de GNL ont drastiquement r\u00e9duit leurs offres faites, par exemple, au Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En raison de <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/07\/22\/le-pakistan-traverse-une-crise-economique-profonde\/\">la crise \u00e9conomique profonde que traverse le pays<\/a>, les fournisseurs craignent qu\u2019Islamabad ne sera pas en mesure de payer les livraisons \u2014 pr\u00e9f\u00e9rant les \u00e9conomies plus stables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon Pakistan LNG Limited (PLL), l\u2019entreprise mandat\u00e9e par le gouvernement pour importer du GNL, une seule offre d&rsquo;achat a \u00e9t\u00e9 faite en juin dernier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode l\u2019ann\u00e9e pass\u00e9e, l\u2019entreprise avait re\u00e7u 25 offres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium \">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/11756746\/embed\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour les pays en d\u00e9veloppement, les cons\u00e9quences de ces \u00e9volutions sont multiples&#160;: elles peuvent conduire \u00e0 une perte de l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages les plus vuln\u00e9rables et, faute de meilleure option, pousser \u00e0 une plus large utilisation d\u2019\u00e9nergies fossiles plus polluantes comme le charbon, le fioul ou le gaz de p\u00e9trole liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9. Aujourd\u2019hui, selon l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, 770 millions de personnes vivent sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, principalement en Afrique et en Asie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les bouleversements sur les march\u00e9s internationaux provoqu\u00e9s par l\u2019arr\u00eat quasi-total d\u2019approvisionnement de l\u2019Europe en gaz russe et l&rsquo;achat massif de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 ont des cons\u00e9quences importantes sur les pays en d\u00e9veloppement. Celles-ci pourraient notamment avoir un effet sur l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages les plus vuln\u00e9rables et, faute de meilleure option, pousser \u00e0 une plus large utilisation d\u2019\u00e9nergies fossiles plus polluantes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":167035,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-167028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energie-et-environnement","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":167035,"excerpt":"Les bouleversements sur les march\u00e9s internationaux provoqu\u00e9s par l\u2019arr\u00eat quasi-total d\u2019approvisionnement de l\u2019Europe en gaz russe et l'achat massif de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 ont des cons\u00e9quences importantes sur les pays en d\u00e9veloppement. Celles-ci pourraient notamment avoir un effet sur l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages les plus vuln\u00e9rables et, faute de meilleure option, pousser \u00e0 une plus large utilisation d\u2019\u00e9nergies fossiles plus polluantes.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019augmentation des importations de GNL en Europe nuit aux capacit\u00e9s d\u2019achat des pays en d\u00e9veloppement | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019augmentation des importations de GNL en Europe nuit aux capacit\u00e9s d\u2019achat des pays en d\u00e9veloppement | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les bouleversements sur les march\u00e9s internationaux provoqu\u00e9s par l\u2019arr\u00eat quasi-total d\u2019approvisionnement de l\u2019Europe en gaz russe et l&#039;achat massif de gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 ont des cons\u00e9quences importantes sur les pays en d\u00e9veloppement. Celles-ci pourraient notamment avoir un effet sur l&#039;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages les plus vuln\u00e9rables et, faute de meilleure option, pousser \u00e0 une plus large utilisation d\u2019\u00e9nergies fossiles plus polluantes.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-11-09T14:26:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-11-09T18:01:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/11\/Capture-de\u0301cran-2022-11-09-a\u0300-15.14.27-990x557.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"990\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"557\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/11\/Capture-de\u0301cran-2022-11-09-a\u0300-15.14.27.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019augmentation des importations de GNL en Europe nuit aux capacit\u00e9s d\u2019achat des pays en d\u00e9veloppement | Le Grand Continent\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/11\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30220144_000002-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-09T14:26:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-11-09T18:01:41+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e4f85f52220fc7b4cc3cfdb86d88e833\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/11\/09\/laugmentation-des-importations-de-gnl-en-europe-nuit-aux-capacites-dachat-des-pays-en-developpement\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/11\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30220144_000002-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/11\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30220144_000002-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1707,\"caption\":\"VLADIVOSTOK, RUSSIA - JUNE 3, 2020: The LNG carrier Grand Aniva and the Udaloy-class anti-submarine warfare ship Admiral Tributs in the Eastern Bosphorus Strait. 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