{"id":163564,"date":"2022-10-14T15:38:46","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T13:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=163564"},"modified":"2022-10-14T15:38:47","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T13:38:47","slug":"le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/","title":{"rendered":"Le projet allemand de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019initiative allemande, baptis\u00e9e \u00ab&#160;Initiative de bouclier de protection du ciel europ\u00e9en&#160;\u00bb (<em>European Sky Shield Initiative<\/em>), a \u00e9t\u00e9 publiquement annonc\u00e9e hier par Christine Lambrecht, la ministre f\u00e9d\u00e9rale allemande de la D\u00e9fense, en marge d\u2019une r\u00e9union minist\u00e9rielle de l\u2019OTAN \u00e0 Bruxelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00c0 ce jour, le projet devrait associer 14 \u00c9tats europ\u00e9ens (Allemagne comprise) dont 13 membres de l\u2019Alliance atlantique \u2014 en plus de la Finlande.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selon le communiqu\u00e9, l\u2019initiative \u00ab&#160;vise \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un syst\u00e8me europ\u00e9en de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne et antimissile par l&rsquo;acquisition commune d&rsquo;\u00e9quipements de d\u00e9fense par les pays europ\u00e9ens, ce qui renforcera la d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne et antimissile int\u00e9gr\u00e9e de l&rsquo;OTAN&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-163564' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-163564' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/news_208103.htm&quot;&gt;14 NATO Allies and Finland agree to boost European air defence capabilities&lt;\/a&gt;, OTAN, 13 octobre 2022.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/iYATx\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les pays s\u2019associant \u00e0 cette initiative ne cachent pas que cette derni\u00e8re a acquis un momentum en raison des <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/10\/larmee-russe-sacharne-sur-les-infrastructures-civiles-et-energetiques-ukrainiennes\/\">tirs de missiles russes ayant cibl\u00e9 des infrastructures civiles et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques ukrainiennes<\/a> les 9 et 10 octobre.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 de l&rsquo;OTAN roumain Mircea Geoan\u0103 a ainsi d\u00e9clar\u00e9&#160;: \u00ab&#160;Cet engagement est encore plus crucial aujourd&rsquo;hui, alors que nous sommes t\u00e9moins des attaques impitoyables et aveugles aux missiles men\u00e9es par la Russie en Ukraine, qui tuent des civils et d\u00e9truisent des infrastructures essentielles&#160;\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/Wu3Lq\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Concr\u00e8tement, ce projet de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en devrait \u00eatre compos\u00e9 de syst\u00e8mes compl\u00e9mentaires permettant d\u2019intercepter plusieurs types de missiles volant \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes hauteurs. Celui-ci pourrait comprendre les syst\u00e8mes de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne de fabrication isra\u00e9lienne Arrow 3, les missiles Patriots am\u00e9ricains ainsi que des <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/12\/les-frappes-russes-sur-des-infrastructures-civiles-ukrainiennes-renforcent-lassistance-securitaire-occidentale\/\">Iris-T allemands (dont certains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment fournis \u00e0 l\u2019Ukraine)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;initiative n\u2019en est qu\u2019\u00e0 ses d\u00e9buts, et celle-ci ne devrait pas devenir op\u00e9rationnelle avant 2025. Pour l\u2019heure, Berlin est encore en discussion avec Isra\u00ebl pour l\u2019acquisition d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de missile antibalistique hypersonique exoatmosph\u00e9rique Arrow 3, de conception isra\u00e9lienne et am\u00e9ricaine&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-163564' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-163564' title='Yaakov Lappin, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.israeltoday.co.il\/read\/israel-will-help-germany-defend-against-russia\/&quot;&gt;Israel Will Help Germany Defend Against Russian Missiles&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Israel Today&lt;\/em&gt;, 15 septembre 2022.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Ces missiles, d\u2019une port\u00e9e de 2 400 kilom\u00e8tres, font partie de la famille des missiles anti-balistiques utilis\u00e9s par Isra\u00ebl pour son syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne mobile <em>Iron Dome <\/em>(d\u00f4me de fer).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La ministre de la D\u00e9fense allemande a \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s prudente quant au choix de ses mots pour int\u00e9grer \u00e0 terme ce syst\u00e8me \u00e0 l\u2019initiative de bouclier antimissiles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dans une interview, celle-ci a d\u00e9clar\u00e9&#160;: \u00ab&#160;Si nous nous d\u00e9cidons en faveur du syst\u00e8me [Arrow 3] et concluons des contrats d\u00e8s maintenant, et si l&rsquo;industrie est \u00e9galement en mesure de livrer imm\u00e9diatement, nous pourrions id\u00e9alement commencer la formation l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e prochaine&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-163564' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-163564' title='Natalia Drozdiak et Michael Nienaber, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-10-13\/nato-countries-back-german-plan-for-european-anti-missile-shield&quot;&gt;NATO States Back German-led Anti-Missile Shield for Europe&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Bloomberg&lt;\/em&gt;, 13 octobre 2022.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me actuel de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne et antimissile int\u00e9gr\u00e9e de l&rsquo;OTAN comporte des lacunes qui ne permettent pas de prot\u00e9ger l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 du territoire allemand \u2014 et encore moins des membres europ\u00e9ens de l\u2019Alliance atlantique. Pour l\u2019heure, l\u2019Allemagne utilise le syst\u00e8me am\u00e9ricain Patriot, qui dispose de 12 sites de lancement \u00e0 travers le pays, ce qui est trop peu pour d\u00e9fendre l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 du territoire compte-tenu de la port\u00e9e moyenne des missiles (240 km au maximum)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-163564' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-163564' title='\u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.tagesschau.de\/ausland\/europa\/flugabwehrsystem-european-sky-shield-initiative-101.html&quot;&gt;Schutzschirm-Projekt gestartet&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Tagesschau&lt;\/em&gt;, 13 octobre 2022.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/q0Ol5\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le principal argument mis en avant par Berlin pour la mise en place d\u2019un syst\u00e8me europ\u00e9en \u2014 qui serait toutefois int\u00e9gr\u00e9 et interop\u00e9rable avec le syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne de l\u2019OTAN \u2014 est le co\u00fbt ainsi que l\u2019int\u00e9gration. Une op\u00e9ration d\u2019une telle \u00e9chelle serait bien plus co\u00fbteuse et complexe pour chaque pays participant si chacun d\u00e9cidait de construire un syst\u00e8me propre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Certains pays europ\u00e9ens, la France et la Pologne principalement, ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 refus\u00e9 d\u2019int\u00e9grer cette initiative, pr\u00e9f\u00e9rant conserver une souverainet\u00e9 nationale sur leur syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Lors d\u2019une interview t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e accord\u00e9e \u00e0 France 2 mercredi dernier, Emmanuel Macron a r\u00e9it\u00e9r\u00e9 l\u2019argument central de la doctrine nucl\u00e9aire fran\u00e7aise, consistant \u00e0 dire que la France n\u2019utiliserait l\u2019arme nucl\u00e9aire que si les \u00ab&#160;int\u00e9r\u00eats fondamentaux de la nation&#160;\u00bb \u00e9taient en jeu \u2014 ce qui lui a valu de vives critiques&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-5-163564' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-163564' title='Leila Abboud et Henry Foy, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/f08c920d-84db-4c91-89f7-e23a1329edef&quot;&gt;Emmanuel Macron criticised for breaking with \u2018strategic ambiguity\u2019 on nuclear weapons&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Financial Times&lt;\/em&gt;, 13 octobre 2022.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;occasion d\u2019un discours prononc\u00e9 \u00e0 Prague en ao\u00fbt dernier, Olaf Scholz annon\u00e7ait une augmentation consid\u00e9rable des investissements dans la d\u00e9fense antia\u00e9rienne allemande. Depuis, les lacunes europ\u00e9ennes en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne ont \u00e9t\u00e9 raviv\u00e9es par les tirs de missiles russes en Ukraine, conduisant au lancement d\u2019une initiative de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en regroupant pour le moment 14 pays.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":163571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":4,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2345],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-163564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-securite","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le projet allemand de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le projet allemand de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 l&#039;occasion d\u2019un discours prononc\u00e9 \u00e0 Prague en ao\u00fbt dernier, Olaf Scholz annon\u00e7ait une augmentation consid\u00e9rable des investissements dans la d\u00e9fense antia\u00e9rienne allemande. Depuis, les lacunes europ\u00e9ennes en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne ont \u00e9t\u00e9 raviv\u00e9es par les tirs de missiles russes en Ukraine, conduisant au lancement d\u2019une initiative de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en regroupant pour le moment 14 pays.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-10-14T13:38:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-14T13:38:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/10\/Missiles-Patriots_GC.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1104\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/10\/Missiles-Patriots_GC.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/\",\"name\":\"Le projet allemand de bouclier antimissiles europ\u00e9en | Le Grand Continent\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/10\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30303010_000004-scaled-e1665754440394.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-10-14T13:38:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-14T13:38:47+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e4f85f52220fc7b4cc3cfdb86d88e833\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/10\/14\/le-projet-allemand-de-bouclier-antimissiles-europeen\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/10\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30303010_000004-scaled-e1665754440394.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/10\/SIPA_SIPAUSA30303010_000004-scaled-e1665754440394.jpg\",\"width\":2035,\"height\":1707,\"caption\":\"United States Patriot missile system deployed to protect Poland, in Rzeszow, Subcarpathian Voivodeship Poland on March 24, 2022. On February 24, 2022 Russian forces invaded Ukraine. 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On February 24, 2022 Russian forces invaded Ukraine. 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