{"id":157121,"date":"2022-09-08T15:23:24","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T13:23:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=157121"},"modified":"2022-09-09T10:34:42","modified_gmt":"2022-09-09T08:34:42","slug":"un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes\/","title":{"rendered":"Un nouveau vaccin contre le paludisme pourrait r\u00e9duire drastiquement le nombre de victimes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le paludisme est une maladie caus\u00e9e par le <em>Plasmodium <\/em>(un organisme unicellulaire), dont cinq esp\u00e8ces sont responsables du paludisme chez l\u2019\u00eatre humain. C\u2019est la maladie parasitaire la plus r\u00e9pandue dans le monde avec plus de 230 millions de cas en 2019, ainsi que l\u2019une des principales causes de mortalit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/xFFmI\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le continent africain est le plus concern\u00e9 par cette maladie, concentr\u00e9e principalement autour du centre et de l\u2019ouest de l\u2019Afrique&#160;: Nig\u00e9ria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Cameroun. En 2019, on recensait toutefois plus de 30 000 cas en Inde, et 4 000 au Pakistan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/2ON39\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il existe d\u00e9j\u00e0 un vaccin antipaludique, dont des programmes pilotes coordonn\u00e9s par l\u2019OMS ont \u00e9t\u00e9 introduits en 2019 au Ghana, au Kenya et au Malawi. Depuis 2021, le vaccin britannique RTS,S\/AS01 est recommand\u00e9 par l\u2019OMS \u00ab&#160;pour une large utilisation chez les enfants \u00e0 risque en Afrique subsaharienne et dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions&#160;\u00bb. Toutefois, l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 vaccinale n\u2019est que de 68&#160;% selon les derniers essais, et diminue avec le temps&#160;: 44&#160;% apr\u00e8s l\u2019administration d\u2019une quatri\u00e8me dose&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-157121' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-157121' title='Mehreen S Datoo, Hamtandi Magloire Natama, Athanase Som\u00e9, Duncan Bellamy et al., \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/laninf\/article\/PIIS1473-3099(22)00442-X\/fulltext#%20&quot;&gt;Efficacy and immunogenicity of R21\/Matrix-M vaccine against clinical malaria after 2 years&amp;rsquo; follow-up in children in Burkina Faso&amp;#160;: a phase 1\/2b randomised controlled trial&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;The Lancet Infectious Diseases&lt;\/em&gt;, 7 septembre 2022.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/jelV5\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les essais du vaccin R21\/Matrix-M, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par l\u2019\u00e9quipe de chercheurs de l\u2019universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oxford, indiquent quant \u00e0 eux un taux d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de 75&#160;% ou plus 12 mois apr\u00e8s l\u2019administration d\u2019une dose de rappel. Ce r\u00e9sultat est important car, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, il correspond \u00e0 la feuille de route de la strat\u00e9gie de lutte contre le paludisme, fix\u00e9e par l\u2019OMS en 2013&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-157121' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-157121' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/malaria\/malvac\/malaria-vaccine-technology-roadmap-2013.pdf?sfvrsn=a487f403_7&amp;amp;download=true&quot;&gt;Malaria vaccine technology roadmap&lt;\/a&gt;, OMS, Novembre 2013.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/uvFDA\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les r\u00e9sultats de cet essai contr\u00f4l\u00e9 randomis\u00e9 en double aveugle, r\u00e9alis\u00e9 chez des enfants de 5 \u00e0 17 mois au Burkina Faso, sont tr\u00e8s encourageants et pourraient permettre \u00ab&#160;d\u2019envisager une r\u00e9duction tr\u00e8s substantielle de cet horrible fardeau qu\u2019est le paludisme&#160;\u00bb selon Adrian Hill, l\u2019un des auteurs de l\u2019\u00e9tude&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-157121' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-157121' title='James Gallagher, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/health-62797776&quot;&gt;New malaria vaccine is world-changing, say scientists&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;BBC&lt;\/em&gt;, 8 septembre 2022.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Les jeunes enfants (0 \u00e0 5 ans) constituent la majorit\u00e9 des victimes du paludisme en Afrique, repr\u00e9sentant 60&#160;% des d\u00e9c\u00e8s en 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hier, une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs de l\u2019Institut Jenner de l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oxford a publi\u00e9 un article dans la revue <em>The Lancet<\/em> montrant des signes tr\u00e8s encourageants quant au d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un nouveau vaccin plus efficace contre le paludisme que celui d\u00e9j\u00e0 existant. En 2020, cette maladie a provoqu\u00e9 la mort de plus de 640 000 personnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2622,"featured_media":157122,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2210],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[2163],"class_list":["post-157121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sante-publique","geo-monde"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Un nouveau vaccin contre le paludisme pourrait r\u00e9duire drastiquement le nombre de victimes | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2022\/09\/08\/un-nouveau-vaccin-contre-le-paludisme-pourrait-reduire-drastiquement-le-nombre-de-victimes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un nouveau vaccin contre le paludisme pourrait r\u00e9duire drastiquement le nombre de victimes | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hier, une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs de l\u2019Institut Jenner de l&#039;universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oxford a publi\u00e9 un article dans la revue The Lancet montrant des signes tr\u00e8s encourageants quant au d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un nouveau vaccin plus efficace contre le paludisme que celui d\u00e9j\u00e0 existant. 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