{"id":13356,"date":"2019-03-17T22:00:12","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lldl.eu\/?p=13356"},"modified":"2019-04-06T23:09:44","modified_gmt":"2019-04-06T21:09:44","slug":"spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/03\/17\/spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store\/","title":{"rendered":"Spotify en appelle \u00e0 la Commission Europ\u00e9enne contre le monopole d\u2019Apple sur l\u2019App Store"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Stockholm. <\/em>Lundi 11 mars, le service su\u00e9dois de streaming musical Spotify a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 un dossier de plainte aupr\u00e8s de la commissaire europ\u00e9enne \u00e0 la concurrence Margrethe Vestager (<strong>3<\/strong>). La start-up europ\u00e9enne ayant son si\u00e8ge \u00e0 Stockholm reproche au Goliath Am\u00e9ricain d\u2019abuser de sa position dominante sur l&rsquo;App Store pour promouvoir son propre service de streaming musical, Apple Music. En effet, Apple fixe les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019App Store tout en y offrant des services commerciaux, pour lesquels Apple dispose d\u2019un avantage d\u00e9loyal vis-\u00e0-vis de ses concurrents. Cette plainte a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9e quelques jours avant l\u2019annonce par Apple de la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un service de streaming vid\u00e9o, concurrent de Netflix ou Prime Video. Dans le cas de Spotify, le concurrent est Apple Music, lanc\u00e9 en 2015, qui vient de d\u00e9passer Spotify en nombre d\u2019abonn\u00e9s payants aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Les concurrents d\u2019Apple Music sont contraints d\u2019utiliser le syst\u00e8me de paiement d\u2019Apple et de payer un taxe de 30&#160;% sur les abonnements vendus&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-13356' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/03\/17\/spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-13356' title='LARGER Thibaut et KAYALI Laura, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/spotify-picks-antitrust-fight-with-apple\/&quot;&gt;Spotify picks antitrust fight with Apple&lt;\/a&gt;, Politico, mars 2019'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le contexte de ce d\u00e9p\u00f4t de plainte est celui d\u2019une attention grandissante aux ressorts \u00e9conomiques qui font des plateformes digitales de potentiels monopoles abusant de leur position dominante. Jason Furman, ancien conseiller \u00e9conomique de Barack Obama vient de remettre au chancelier britannique un rapport sur la comp\u00e9tition digitale o\u00f9 abondent les recommandations pour limiter leur influence&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-13356' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/03\/17\/spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-13356' title='FURMAN Jason, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/785547\/unlocking_digital_competition_furman_review_web.pdf&quot;&gt;Unlocking Digital Competition&amp;#160;: Report from the Digital Competition Expert Panel&lt;\/a&gt;, Crown, mars 2019.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Outre atlantique, la candidate aux primaires D\u00e9mocrates Elizabeth Warren entend d\u00e9manteler les monopoles naissants du num\u00e9rique, de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que les gouvernements am\u00e9ricains ont su limiter l\u2019influence et la concentration des g\u00e9ants industriels du d\u00e9but du XX\u00e8 si\u00e8cle. Au sein de la Commission europ\u00e9enne Margrethe Vestager est le champion de l\u2019application au champs du num\u00e9rique de la r\u00e9glementation europ\u00e9enne dans le domaine de la concurrence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lldl.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/imageLikeEmbed-1-1000x618.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13448\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Spotify a largement communiqu\u00e9 sur son d\u00e9p\u00f4t de plainte, ce qui n\u2019est pas habituel. C\u2019est un choix strat\u00e9gique de la part de la start-up europ\u00e9enne, qui a accompagn\u00e9 cette sortie m\u00e9diatique d\u2019un message sur son blog&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-13356' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/03\/17\/spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-13356' title='EK Daniel, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/newsroom.spotify.com\/2019-03-13\/consumers-and-innovators-win-on-a-level-playing-field\/&quot;&gt;Consumers and Innovators Win on a Level Playing Field,&lt;\/a&gt; Spotify Newsroom, mars 2019'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. Cette publicit\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de mettre en lumi\u00e8re les enjeux de cette affaire pour l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne. D\u2019une part, cela manifeste que l\u2019on attend de plus en plus de l\u2019Union qu\u2019elle ouvre la voie de la r\u00e9gulation des \u201cBig Techs\u201d. D\u2019autre part, cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement r\u00e9v\u00e8le les enjeux g\u00e9opolitiques li\u00e9s au d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019industrie technologique Europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On attend de plus en plus de l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne qu\u2019elle montre la voie en termes de r\u00e9gulations vis-\u00e0-vis des g\u00e9ants du num\u00e9rique. Les standards de protection de la vie priv\u00e9e impos\u00e9s par la R\u00e8glement G\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour la Protection des Donn\u00e9es (RGPD) sont adopt\u00e9s au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res du continent. Spotify d\u00e9pose sa requ\u00eate \u00e0 l\u2019Europe comme \u00e0 un institution capable de r\u00e9guler une question complexe, dans une industrie dont les acteurs affirment qu\u2019elle a des ressorts \u00e9conomiques tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rents de tout ce qui s\u2019est vu jusqu\u2019alors. Il est donc important de voir comment la Commission va statuer sur le sujet car cela cr\u00e9era un v\u00e9ritable pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, non seulement sur le continent, mais aussi pour la mani\u00e8re dont d\u2019autres gouvernements envisagent leur r\u00f4le de r\u00e9gulateur de ces entreprises du num\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La seconde raison de cette publicit\u00e9 peut s\u2019analyser comme une strat\u00e9gie de l\u2019entreprise su\u00e9doise Spotify, de se mettre sous la protection de l\u2019Europe dans une lutte commerciale contre une entreprise am\u00e9ricaine. La r\u00e9gulation des GAFAM (Google, Facebook, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft) est un un sujet \u00e9conomique mais \u00e9galement g\u00e9opolitique&#160;: tous ces monopoles sont am\u00e9ricains. D\u00e8s lors, ces questions de protection des consommateurs et de promotion de la concurrence sont assorties d\u2019enjeux strat\u00e9giques, comme celui de la d\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Europe \u00e0 certaines des entreprises de tech am\u00e9ricaine ou le retard grandissant de l\u2019Europe sur le march\u00e9 du num\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Perspectives&#160;:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Le Commission ouvre dossier d\u2019enqu\u00eate, mais n\u2019est pas contrainte par le temps.<\/li><li>Le chancelier britannique, Philip Hammond exprimera en Juin la mani\u00e8re dont le gouvernement fera suite aux conclusions du rapport de Jason Furman<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Luc de Leyritz<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spotify a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 une plainte aupr\u00e8s de la Commission Europ\u00e9enne contre l\u2019abus de position dominante d\u2019Apple sur sa plateforme d\u2019applications. Cette plainte a lieu dans un contexte o\u00f9 la question de la r\u00e9gulation des \u201cbig tech\u201d attire de plus en plus d\u2019attention en Europe et outre-atlantique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":189,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1729],"tags":[],"geo":[534],"class_list":["post-13356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-numerique","staff-luc-deleyritz","geo-bulles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Spotify en appelle \u00e0 la Commission Europ\u00e9enne contre le monopole d\u2019Apple sur l\u2019App Store | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2019\/03\/17\/spotify-en-appelle-a-la-commission-europeenne-contre-le-monopole-dapple-sur-lapp-store\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spotify en appelle \u00e0 la Commission Europ\u00e9enne contre le monopole d\u2019Apple sur l\u2019App Store | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Spotify a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 une plainte aupr\u00e8s de la Commission Europ\u00e9enne contre l\u2019abus de position dominante d\u2019Apple sur sa plateforme d\u2019applications. 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