{"id":127350,"date":"2021-12-26T08:01:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-26T07:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=127350"},"modified":"2021-12-24T17:46:39","modified_gmt":"2021-12-24T16:46:39","slug":"noel-face-aux-penuries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/12\/26\/noel-face-aux-penuries\/","title":{"rendered":"No\u00ebl face aux p\u00e9nuries"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>L\u2019\u00e9conomie internationale fait face \u00e0 une rupture des cha\u00eenes de valeur&#160;: les entreprises sont confront\u00e9es \u00e0 des p\u00e9nuries, notamment de composants \u00e9lectroniques. Est \u00e9galement en cause l\u2019augmentation consid\u00e9rable des co\u00fbts du transport maritime depuis d\u00e9but 2020, avec une multiplication par cinq du prix de transport d\u2019un conteneur. Le rapport du Cnuced insistait alors sur la relocalisation et la diversification des cha\u00eenes de valeur, annonciatrices d\u2019un nouveau type de mondialisation&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-127350' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/12\/26\/noel-face-aux-penuries\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-127350' title='Le Monde, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/article\/2021\/11\/18\/la-hausse-des-prix-du-fret-maritime-risque-de-ralentir-la-reprise-mondiale-previent-la-cnuced_6102509_3234.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;La hausse des prix du fret maritime risque de ralentir la reprise mondiale, pr\u00e9vient la Cnuced&lt;\/a&gt;, Julien Bouissou, 18 novembre 2021'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Les tensions issues de la pand\u00e9mie et qui ont explos\u00e9 pour la plupart au printemps 2021 ne conna\u00eetront quasiment aucune issue avant au moins 2023, selon la plupart des analystes. Les p\u00e9nuries s\u2019expliquent en effet tant par la surchauffe \u00e9conomique post-confinements \u2013 la demande pour les semi-conducteurs, l\u2019acier, le plastique, le papier, l\u2019aluminium, etc. \u00e9tant massive -\u2013 que par une offre stagnante voire en baisse, issue d\u2019un nombre r\u00e9duit de producteurs. Le retour des restrictions en Asie depuis l\u2019automne n\u2019am\u00e9liore pas les choses. Si la plupart des entreprises ont annonc\u00e9 en 2021 augmenter leurs lignes de production pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande, ces constructions d\u2019usines prennent du temps et ne se feront pas en quelques mois. Aucune v\u00e9ritable am\u00e9lioration n\u2019est donc pr\u00e9vue pour 2022.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/UGk4l\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Les semi-conducteurs sont des mat\u00e9riaux essentiels pour l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale et la s\u00e9curisation de leurs cha\u00eenes d\u2019approvisionnement est devenue une priorit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique pour l\u2019Europe. \u00ab&#160;On retrouve les semi-conducteurs dans quasiment tous les produits du march\u00e9&#160;: des \u00e9couteurs aux ordinateurs, en passant par les voitures et les machines lourdes qui produisent tous les autres biens&#160;\u00bb affirmait le Premier ministre belge Alexander De Croo <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/11\/01\/des-valeurs-a-lautonomie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dans son discours au Coll\u00e8ge d&rsquo;Europe<\/a>. Ce dernier insistait sur la d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 ce mat\u00e9riau&#160;: \u00ab&#160;Sans les micropuces, notre \u00e9conomie s\u2019effondrerait, mais voil\u00e0 le probl\u00e8me<strong>&#160;: <\/strong>alors que l\u2019Europe est \u00e0 la pointe mondiale en mati\u00e8re de R&amp;D, que nous sommes les plus gros utilisateurs de semi-conducteurs au monde, tous les producteurs sont soit am\u00e9ricains soit asiatiques&#160;\u00bb.<br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Les conditions de travail chez Amazon, une entreprise tr\u00e8s sollicit\u00e9e pendant la p\u00e9riode de No\u00ebl, font de nouveau l\u2019objet de critiques apr\u00e8s la mort de six employ\u00e9s dans l\u2019effondrement d\u2019un entrep\u00f4t aux \u00c9tats-Unis. <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/12\/15\/amazon-que-faire\/?mc_cid=e70c2c636c&amp;mc_eid=a7246a6503\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dans leur article pour le <em>Grand Continent<\/em><\/a>, Maria Enrica Virgillito et Andrea Roventini affirmaient que \u00ab&#160;les mois \u00e0 venir nous diront si les probl\u00e8mes du mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique impuls\u00e9 par Amazon trouveront leur place dans les politiques et les d\u00e9bats europ\u00e9ens&#160;\u00bb alors que \u00ab&#160;le succ\u00e8s incontestable d\u2019Amazon est d\u00fb \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de tendances de long terme responsables d\u2019une grande partie des probl\u00e8mes de l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 elle-m\u00eame.&#160;\u00bb.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>No\u00ebl est une p\u00e9riode importante pour beaucoup de secteurs de la consommation, qui r\u00e9alisent une grande partie de leur chiffre d\u2019affaires durant cette f\u00eate. Mais cette ann\u00e9e est perturb\u00e9e par des p\u00e9nuries mondiales. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1782,"featured_media":127359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[2163],"class_list":["post-127350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","geo-monde"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>No\u00ebl face aux p\u00e9nuries | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/12\/26\/noel-face-aux-penuries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"No\u00ebl face aux p\u00e9nuries | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"No\u00ebl est une p\u00e9riode importante pour beaucoup de secteurs de la consommation, qui r\u00e9alisent une grande partie de leur chiffre d\u2019affaires durant cette f\u00eate. 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