{"id":123797,"date":"2021-10-19T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-19T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=123797"},"modified":"2021-10-27T16:22:44","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T14:22:44","slug":"le-futur-du-pacte-de-stabilite-commence-officiellement-aujourdhui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/19\/le-futur-du-pacte-de-stabilite-commence-officiellement-aujourdhui\/","title":{"rendered":"Le futur du pacte de stabilit\u00e9 commence officiellement aujourd&rsquo;hui"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Le pacte de stabilit\u00e9 fixe les r\u00e8gles budg\u00e9taires canoniques de l\u2019Union, \u00e0 savoir la limite d\u2019endettement \u00e0 60&#160;% du PIB et la r\u00e8gle des 3&#160;% de d\u00e9ficit budg\u00e9taire. La nouvelle forme de ce pacte, qui devrait entrer en vigueur en 2023, apr\u00e8s une pause li\u00e9e \u00e0 la crise du Covid, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019abord mis en place en 1997 et permet la coordination des politiques budg\u00e9taires des pays europ\u00e9ens. En effet, si celle-ci reste une comp\u00e9tence nationale &#8211; \u00e0 l\u2019inverse de la politique mon\u00e9taire &#8211;&nbsp; le pacte a pour but de limiter les d\u00e9ficits budg\u00e9taires excessifs. Pour cela, le pacte pr\u00e9voit deux cadres d\u2019action&#160;: la surveillance multilat\u00e9rale &#8211; exerc\u00e9 par l\u2019Ecofin, le conseil des ministres de l\u2019Economie et des Finances des diff\u00e9rents pays europ\u00e9ens &#8211; et la proc\u00e9dure des d\u00e9ficits excessifs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>La Commission europ\u00e9enne lance alors aujourd\u2019hui une consultation sur le pacte. Alors que la crise du Covid a fait exploser l\u2019endettement des pays membres, les r\u00e8gles budg\u00e9taires europ\u00e9ennes actuelles, en particulier celle d\u2019un endettement inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 60&#160;% du PIB, sont remises en question. De plus, tous les pays n\u2019ont pas connu les m\u00eames difficult\u00e9s budg\u00e9taires, comme le montre le graphique ci-dessous. C\u2019est \u00e9galement l\u2019application de ces r\u00e8gles budg\u00e9taires dans certains cas, notamment dans le cadre de l\u2019investissement vert et d\u2019avenir, qui est remis en cause par certains pays europ\u00e9ens, notamment la France &nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-123797' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/19\/le-futur-du-pacte-de-stabilite-commence-officiellement-aujourdhui\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-123797' title='Karl De Meyer &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/monde\/europe\/bruxelles-lance-officiellement-la-reflexion-sur-le-pacte-de-stabilite-1355657&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;Bruxelles lance officiellement la r\u00e9flexion sur le Pacte de stabilit\u00e9&lt;\/a&gt;, Les Echos, 18 octobre 2021.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/QkIX4\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Dans ce contexte, plusieurs options sont envisag\u00e9es. Si la crise du Covid pourrait \u00eatre l\u2019occasion d\u2019une <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2020\/12\/18\/construire-leurope-dapres\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">r\u00e9forme en profondeur du syst\u00e8me europ\u00e9en<\/a>, les plus conservateurs entendent traiter les endettements jug\u00e9s excessifs devant retourner aux normes fix\u00e9es par le pacte au plus vite. Pourtant, du fait de la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des situations budg\u00e9taires des diff\u00e9rents pays europ\u00e9ens, comme le montre le graphique ci-dessous, des pays europ\u00e9ens comme la France consid\u00e8rent le retour \u00e0 des normes unifi\u00e9es comme une absurdit\u00e9. Il faut par ailleurs noter que le trait\u00e9 de l\u2019Union ne sera pas modifi\u00e9.&nbsp; Les discussions, dont les th\u00e8mes restent \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer, pourraient m\u00eame ne porter que sur un cadre interpr\u00e9tatif de trait\u00e9s rest\u00e9s intouch\u00e9s. Olivier Blanchard, \u00c1lvaro Leandro et J\u00e9romin Zettelmeyer appelaient de leurs voeux, <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/02\/22\/que-faire-des-regles-budgetaires-europeennes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dans les colonnes du Grand Continent<\/a>, le remplacement des r\u00e8gles budg\u00e9taires europ\u00e9ennes par des standards.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/MWix8\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Certains acteurs europ\u00e9ens se d\u00e9marquent par l\u2019importance qu\u2019ils jouent ou vont jouer dans le cadre de cette potentielle refonte du pacte de stabilit\u00e9. Paolo Gentiloni, le Commissaire europ\u00e9en \u00e0 la fiscalit\u00e9 et membre du Parti d\u00e9mocrate italien, est ainsi charg\u00e9 du dossier et est cens\u00e9 \u00ab&#160;poser le cadre de la discussion&#160;\u00bb. Cette discussion d\u00e9pendra \u00e9galement du futur ministre de l\u2019\u00c9conomie et des Finances allemand. Enfin, les Pays-Bas, avec la formation d\u2019un nouveau gouvernement par le Premier ministre Mark Rutte, auront une importance dans la d\u00e9finition des sujets \u00e0 traiter, de m\u00eame que le reste des pays dits \u201cfrugaux\u201d.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Des sources proches du dossier indiquent que l\u2019Elys\u00e9e souhaiterait laisser un r\u00f4le proactif au tandem Draghi &#8211; Gentiloni avec une triangulation franco-allemande. Le r\u00f4le de l\u2019Italie et de l\u2019Allemagne pourrait alors \u00eatre structurant durant la pr\u00e9sidence fran\u00e7aise de l\u2019Union \u00e0 venir.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Dans la s\u00e9quence de ces discussions, deux autres \u00e9v\u00e8nements sont \u00e0 surveiller de pr\u00e8s. D\u2019abord, le lancement du Trait\u00e9 du Quirinal (qui devrait \u00eatre approuv\u00e9 d\u2019ici fin novembre), un trait\u00e9 cens\u00e9 permettre une meilleure coop\u00e9ration entre la France et l\u2019Italie, notamment dans les domaines industriel et culturel. Ensuite, le semestre de Pr\u00e9sidence fran\u00e7aise de l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne, treize ans apr\u00e8s sa derni\u00e8re pr\u00e9sidence, et pour laquelle Emmanuel Macron d\u00e9terminera les priorit\u00e9s en janvier devant le Parlement europ\u00e9en \u00e0 Strasbourg.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gel\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de 2022, le pacte de stabilit\u00e9 et de croissance de la zone euro est au c\u0153ur des discussions entre les membres de l\u2019Ecofin. La commission lance aujourd\u2019hui une consultation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1782,"featured_media":123800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"staff":[1780],"editorial_format":[4942],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[1917],"class_list":["post-123797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","staff-le-grand-continent","editorial_format-actu-breves","geo-europe"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false,"_thumbnail_id":123800,"excerpt":"Gel\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de 2022, le pacte de stabilit\u00e9 et de croissance de la zone euro est au c\u0153ur des discussions entre les membres de l\u2019Ecofin. La commission lance aujourd\u2019hui une consultation.","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le futur du pacte de stabilit\u00e9 commence officiellement aujourd&#039;hui | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/19\/le-futur-du-pacte-de-stabilite-commence-officiellement-aujourdhui\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le futur du pacte de stabilit\u00e9 commence officiellement aujourd&#039;hui | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gel\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de 2022, le pacte de stabilit\u00e9 et de croissance de la zone euro est au c\u0153ur des discussions entre les membres de l\u2019Ecofin. 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