{"id":122257,"date":"2021-10-03T13:57:58","date_gmt":"2021-10-03T11:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=122257"},"modified":"2021-10-03T18:07:42","modified_gmt":"2021-10-03T16:07:42","slug":"les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives au Qatar&#160;: une modernisation en trompe-l&rsquo;\u0153il"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>La Qatar est un \u00c9mirat dont la charia est la base du droit et o\u00f9 la dynastie Al Thani d\u00e9tient la majeure partie du pouvoir. L\u2019\u00e9mir actuel, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, au pouvoir depuis 2013, est anim\u00e9 par une volont\u00e9 de r\u00e9formes &nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-122257' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-122257' title='Giuseppe Dentice, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2018\/11\/11\/quy-a-t-il-derriere-le-remaniement-gouvernemental-au-qatar\/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;Qu&amp;rsquo;y a-t-il derri\u00e8re le remaniement gouvernemental au Qatar&amp;#160;?,&lt;\/a&gt; Le Grand Continent, 11 novembre 2018'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> et recherche la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique apr\u00e8s le blocus lanc\u00e9 notamment par l\u2019Arabie Saoudite en 2017. Par ailleurs, le Qatar est un des pays avec le revenu par habitant le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 au monde du fait de ses ressources p\u00e9troli\u00e8res.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/4eFpx\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans son histoire, des \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives ont eu lieu pour \u00e9lire 30 des 45 membres du Conseil consultatif du Qatar, autrefois tous nomm\u00e9s par l\u2019\u00e9mir.&nbsp; Ce Conseil consultatif, ou Conseil de la Shoura, cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1972, a \u00e9t\u00e9 dot\u00e9 de nouveaux pouvoirs comme le contr\u00f4le de l\u2019action du gouvernement, le contr\u00f4le du budget et la proposition de lois et d\u2019amendements. Les partis politiques sont tout de m\u00eame interdits au Qatar, ce qui limite les possibilit\u00e9s de r\u00e9elles oppositions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Des \u00e9lections municipales avaient eu lieu en 2019, mais moins de 10&#160;% des \u00e9lecteurs s\u2019\u00e9taient d\u00e9plac\u00e9s pour \u00e9lire leurs repr\u00e9sentants. Cette fois, selon les chiffres officiels, 63,5&#160;% des citoyens effectivement autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 voter ont particip\u00e9 aux \u00e9lections. Aucune des 28 femmes n\u2019a par ailleurs \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lue, et 101 candidats auraient renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 se pr\u00e9senter le jour m\u00eame de l\u2019\u00e9lection selon les autorit\u00e9s officielles&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-122257' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-122257' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.sudouest.fr\/politique\/elections-inedites-au-qatar-mais-aucune-femme-elue-6342753.php&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;\u00c9lections in\u00e9dites au Qatar, mais aucune femme \u00e9lue&lt;\/a&gt;, Sud-Ouest, 3 octobre 2021'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Le r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum constitutionnel de 2003 inclut ce dispositif d\u2019\u00e9lection d\u2019une partie du Conseil par les citoyens mais sa mise en application a \u00e9t\u00e9 maintes fois repouss\u00e9e. Les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9vues en 2011 et 2017 n\u2019ont ainsi jamais eu lieu du fait des possibles ing\u00e9rences ext\u00e9rieures. Les \u00e9lections de 2021 ne se sont pas faites dans un contexte social et \u00e9conomique urgent, et les questions discut\u00e9es au sein du Conseil rel\u00e8veront plut\u00f4t d\u2019enjeux domestiques comme la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire ou le droit des femmes.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ces \u00e9lections ne peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9tach\u00e9es d\u2019un contexte r\u00e9gional et international particulier. 2017 a \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019ann\u00e9e du blocus r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par le Quartet (l\u2019Arabie Saoudite, les \u00c9mirats Arabes Unis, l\u2019\u00c9gypte et Bahre\u00efn) contre le Qatar, et si les relations ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9tablies avec l\u2019Arabie Saoudite en janvier 2021, les relations restent tendues entre les EAU et le Qatar. Ces \u00e9lections sont par ailleurs un d\u00e9fi pour l\u2019Arabie Saoudite, pays o\u00f9 le pouvoir est centralis\u00e9 et dont la population est jeune, et qui pourrait donc faire face \u00e0 des contestations de la part de la frange modernisatrice de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Entre 80&#160;% et 90&#160;% des pr\u00e8s de 2,6 millions d\u2019habitants au Qatar sont \u00e9trangers et ne peuvent pas voter. La croissance d\u00e9mographique du Qatar a \u00e9t\u00e9 exponentielle, passant de 360 000 habitants en 1986 \u00e0 744 000 habitants en 2004. Les Qataris, qui ne d\u00e9tiendraient qu\u20191,75&#160;% de l\u2019ensemble des emplois, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d\u2019importants avantages financiers et sociaux, comme un emploi garanti dans la fonction publique, dont les salaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 augment\u00e9s de 60&#160;% en 2011 &nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-122257' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-122257' title='Ang\u00e9lique Mounier-Kuhn, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2018\/10\/MOUNIER_KUHN\/59150&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;Le nombre de nationaux, sujet d\u00e9licat au Qatar&lt;\/a&gt;, Le Monde Diplomatique, octobre 2018'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/yu7J0\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Au sein m\u00eame des citoyens du Qatar, tous ne peuvent pas voter. Les \u00e9lections sont ainsi r\u00e9serv\u00e9es aux \u201cqatariens d\u2019origine\u201d, dont les anc\u00eatres sont qataris, et les \u201cqatariens naturalis\u00e9s\u201d dont le grand-p\u00e8re a v\u00e9cu au Qatar. Ces conditions excluent entre 20 et 25&#160;% des citoyens. La situation nationale est de plus marqu\u00e9e par le conflit entre les Al Thani, au pouvoir, et la tribu Al Murrah, dont de nombreux membres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9chus de leur nationalit\u00e9 entre les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2017.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/VQODh\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-large  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/q9lAo\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Le Qatar est par ailleurs le pays h\u00f4te de la Coupe du monde de football de 2022 et est vivement critiqu\u00e9 du fait des conditions de travail sur les chantiers des travailleurs \u00e9trangers. Une enqu\u00eate du <em>Guardian<\/em>&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-4-122257' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-122257' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2021\/feb\/23\/revealed-migrant-worker-deaths-qatar-fifa-world-cup-2022&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot;&gt;Revealed&amp;#160;: 6,500 migrant workers have died in Qatar since World Cup awarded | Workers&amp;rsquo; rights&lt;\/a&gt;, The Guardian, 23 f\u00e9vrier 2021'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>, d\u00e9mentie par le Qatar, affirmait que 6500 travailleurs \u00e9trangers \u00e9taient morts depuis 2010. Amnesty International d\u00e9nonce par ailleurs le manque d\u2019investigation concernant ces d\u00e9c\u00e8s, puisque, selon l\u2019ONG, 70&#160;% des d\u00e9c\u00e8s n\u2019auraient pas de causes d\u00e9termin\u00e9es. Ces \u00e9lections pourraient alors, entre autres, \u00eatre un moyen de regagner la confiance internationale.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Samedi 2 octobre, le Qatar a organis\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de son histoire. Les citoyens autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 voter devaient choisir entre 284 candidats &#8211; dont 28 femmes. Ces \u00e9lections se sont d\u00e9roul\u00e9es dans le cadre d\u2019une relative modernisation de l\u2019\u00c9mirat, en proie \u00e0 des critiques alors que 80 \u00e0 90&#160;&#160;% de la population est \u00e9trang\u00e8re et ne peut donc pas voter. L\u2019occasion de revenir en 7 points synth\u00e9tiques sur la situation qatarie. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1782,"featured_media":122260,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1731],"tags":[],"staff":[1780],"editorial_format":[],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[530],"class_list":["post-122257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","staff-le-grand-continent","geo-asie-intermediaire"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives au Qatar : une modernisation en trompe-l&#039;\u0153il | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives au Qatar : une modernisation en trompe-l&#039;\u0153il | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Samedi 2 octobre, le Qatar a organis\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de son histoire. Les citoyens autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 voter devaient choisir entre 284 candidats - dont 28 femmes. Ces \u00e9lections se sont d\u00e9roul\u00e9es dans le cadre d\u2019une relative modernisation de l\u2019\u00c9mirat, en proie \u00e0 des critiques alors que 80 \u00e0 90&#160;% de la population est \u00e9trang\u00e8re et ne peut donc pas voter. L\u2019occasion de revenir en 7 points synth\u00e9tiques sur la situation qatarie.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-03T11:57:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-03T16:07:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-reseauxqatar.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"clementf\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-reseauxqatar.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"clementf\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/\",\"name\":\"Les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives au Qatar : une modernisation en trompe-l'\u0153il | Le Grand Continent\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-03T11:57:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-03T16:07:42+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/b22879caf2a074c0786f019573977c84\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1707,\"caption\":\"Qataris arrive to vote in legislative elections in Doha, Qatar, Saturday, Oct. 2, 2021. For the first time citizens will elect two-thirds of Shura council while emir will appoint the remaining 15 members. 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Les citoyens autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 voter devaient choisir entre 284 candidats - dont 28 femmes. Ces \u00e9lections se sont d\u00e9roul\u00e9es dans le cadre d\u2019une relative modernisation de l\u2019\u00c9mirat, en proie \u00e0 des critiques alors que 80 \u00e0 90&#160;% de la population est \u00e9trang\u00e8re et ne peut donc pas voter. L\u2019occasion de revenir en 7 points synth\u00e9tiques sur la situation qatarie.","og_url":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/","og_site_name":"Le Grand Continent","article_published_time":"2021-10-03T11:57:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-10-03T16:07:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1440,"url":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-reseauxqatar.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"clementf","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_image":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-reseauxqatar.jpg","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"clementf","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/","url":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/","name":"Les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives au Qatar : une modernisation en trompe-l'\u0153il | Le Grand Continent","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2021-10-03T11:57:58+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-03T16:07:42+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/b22879caf2a074c0786f019573977c84"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/10\/03\/les-elections-legislatives-au-qatar-une-modernisation-en-trompe-loeil\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/10\/gc-qatar-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":1707,"caption":"Qataris arrive to vote in legislative elections in Doha, Qatar, Saturday, Oct. 2, 2021. 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