{"id":121194,"date":"2021-09-22T11:47:13","date_gmt":"2021-09-22T09:47:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/?p=121194"},"modified":"2021-09-22T11:47:16","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T09:47:16","slug":"locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019OCDE alerte sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale malgr\u00e9 la reprise"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>La reprise mondiale apr\u00e8s les p\u00e9riodes de confinement et le soudain ralentissement des circulations de biens et de personnes qu\u2019elles ont induit a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab&#160;extr\u00eamement rapide, mais in\u00e9gale&#160;\u00bb, selon l\u2019OCDE. Les mesures extraordinaires mises en place dans un tr\u00e8s grand nombre de pays par les pouvoirs publics vont permettre une reprise vigoureuse de la croissance cette ann\u00e9e ainsi qu\u2019en 2022.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/d3ji0\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Les pr\u00e9visions de croissance de l\u2019OCDE ont peu chang\u00e9 depuis la premi\u00e8re publication de ses <em>Perspectives \u00e9conomiques<\/em> en mai dernier, puisqu&rsquo;elles sont pass\u00e9es de 5.8&#160;% en mai \u00e0 5.7&#160;% pour l\u2019ann\u00e9e en cours et de 4.4&#160;% \u00e0 4.5&#160;% en 2022 au niveau mondial. Si la reprise \u00e9conomique s\u2019annonce rapide et forte, certains indicateurs comme les chiffres de l\u2019emploi et des revenus inqui\u00e8tent cependant en raison de leurs niveaux toujours en-de\u00e7\u00e0 de ceux observ\u00e9s avant la pand\u00e9mie.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/FmtN7\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Exceptions faites de l\u2019Australie, de la France et de la Turquie, la part de la population \u00e2g\u00e9e de 15 \u00e0 74 ans qui a un emploi a baiss\u00e9 partout dans le monde, atteignant dans certains cas des niveaux alarmants comme au Br\u00e9sil ou en Afrique du Sud o\u00f9 des chutes respectives de 5,8&#160;% et 8,2&#160;% ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mesur\u00e9es. Les pays o\u00f9 la situation est la plus critique sont donc ceux qui ont connu une r\u00e9cession et une hausse massive du taux de ch\u00f4mage, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de l\u2019Afrique du Sud.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/CLOKG\/3\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pour autant, l\u2019inflation, pour le moment croissante, n\u2019est pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9e alarmante par l\u2019OCDE qui estime que \u00ab&#160;la hausse des prix \u00e0 la consommation devrait atteindre un pic vers la fin de 2021, puis d\u00e9c\u00e9l\u00e9rer tout au long de 2022&#160;\u00bb&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-121194' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-121194' title='OCDE, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/perspectives-economiques\/&quot;&gt;Reprise&amp;#160;: Maintenir le cap. Perspectives \u00e9conomiques de l&amp;rsquo;OCDE, Rapport interm\u00e9diaire, septembre 2021&lt;\/a&gt;, 21 septembre 2021.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>. La hausse de la demande ainsi que celle des co\u00fbts est responsable de la majeure partie de cette inflation. Le co\u00fbt du transport maritime a ainsi presque quintupl\u00e9 entre 2019 et 2021, passant d\u2019une base 100 \u00e0 481,5 au 1er septembre 2021, comme le montre le graphique ci-dessous.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/9bvQT\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tous les pays ne sont pas pour autant log\u00e9s \u00e0 la m\u00eame enseigne. Les pays des Suds ont tous connu une hausse significative de leur inflation entre le premier trimestre de 2019 et le troisi\u00e8me trimestre 2021, \u00e0 l\u2019exception notable de la Chine dont le taux d\u2019inflation a diminu\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s de 0,6 points de pourcentage. Le Br\u00e9sil, au contraire, a vu son taux d\u2019inflation cro\u00eetre de 4,08&#160;% \u00e0 7,02&#160;%, connaissant d\u00e8s lors la hausse la plus importante. Par contraste, l\u2019\u00e9conomie avanc\u00e9e ayant connu la plus grande inflation est celle des \u00c9tats-Unis, passant de 1,44&#160;% d\u2019inflation au premier trimestre 2019 \u00e0 3,86&#160;% au troisi\u00e8me trimestre 2021. La hausse des prix de l\u2019\u00e9nergie inqui\u00e8te aussi des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019Atlantique.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/vNvz8\/1\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>L\u2019OCDE met par ailleurs en garde contre les <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/05\/05\/comment-leurope-et-les-etats-unis-peuvent-mettre-un-terme-a-lapartheid-vaccinal\/\">in\u00e9galit\u00e9s d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux vaccins<\/a>, qui pourraient devenir critiques. En effet, avec la reprise de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie dans certains pays, l\u2019activit\u00e9 subit de nouvelles restrictions \u00ab&#160;provoquant des goulets d\u2019\u00e9tranglement et des pressions sur les cha\u00eenes d\u2019approvisionnement&#160;\u00bb. Alors que la dette des \u00e9conomies \u00e9mergentes a atteint les 36 000 milliards de dollars au deuxi\u00e8me trimestre 2021 selon l\u2019Institut de la finance internationale, certains pays ont d\u00fb mal \u00e0 juguler la pand\u00e9mie, notamment les \u00e9conomies les moins d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-121194' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-121194' title='Julien Bouissou, \u00ab&amp;#160;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/article\/2021\/09\/15\/le-grand-bond-en-arriere-des-pays-emergents_6094697_3234.html&quot;&gt;Le grand bond en arri\u00e8re des pays \u00e9mergents, forc\u00e9s de r\u00e9ajuster leur \u00ab&amp;#160;strat\u00e9gie d\u2019insertion dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale&amp;#160;\u00bb&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;#160;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;Le Monde&lt;\/em&gt;, 15 septembre 2021.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/mW1IZ\/24\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pour combattre les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, l\u2019OCDE recommande que les diff\u00e9rents \u00c9tats \u00e9tudi\u00e9s dans le rapport m\u00e8nent des politiques publiques conformes \u00e0 leurs propres objectifs nationaux. Ces derniers d\u00e9pendent des principales difficult\u00e9s auxquelles font face chaque pays&#160;: ainsi, si la France a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 conserver un taux d\u2019emploi stable, son PIB a recul\u00e9 de 3,2&#160;% entre le quatri\u00e8me trimestre de 2019 et le premier trimestre de 2021. L\u2019OCDE d\u00e9finit six objectifs principaux&#160;: l\u2019approvisionnement en vaccins des \u00e9conomies les moins avanc\u00e9es, le soutien de l\u2019\u00c9tat aux personnes et aux entreprises durement touch\u00e9es par la pand\u00e9mie, la formation et l\u2019\u00e9ducation des jeunes les moins qualifi\u00e9s et les plus pr\u00e9caires, la surveillance de la hausse des prix, la planification de la relance ainsi que l\u2019investissement dans les domaines sanitaires, num\u00e9riques et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alors que les taux de croissance s\u2019annoncent vigoureux pour 2021 et 2022, l\u2019OCDE met en garde contre la mise en place d\u2019un \u00ab&#160;&#160;monde \u00e0 deux vitesses&#160;&#160;\u00bb, marqu\u00e9 notamment par l\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux vaccins. D\u2019autres indicateurs comme les chiffres de l\u2019emploi et des revenus sont \u00e9galement \u00e0 surveiller et n\u00e9cessiteront la prolongation ainsi que la mise en place de nouveaux budgets publics \u2013 7 points synth\u00e9tiques, 6 graphiques.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1623,"featured_media":121195,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1727],"tags":[],"geo":[2163],"class_list":["post-121194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economie","geo-monde"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019OCDE alerte sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale malgr\u00e9 la reprise | Le Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019OCDE alerte sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale malgr\u00e9 la reprise | Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alors que les taux de croissance s\u2019annoncent vigoureux pour 2021 et 2022, l\u2019OCDE met en garde contre la mise en place d\u2019un \u00ab&#160;monde \u00e0 deux vitesses&#160;\u00bb, marqu\u00e9 notamment par l\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux vaccins. D\u2019autres indicateurs comme les chiffres de l\u2019emploi et des revenus sont \u00e9galement \u00e0 surveiller et n\u00e9cessiteront la prolongation ainsi que la mise en place de nouveaux budgets publics \u2013 7 points synth\u00e9tiques, 6 graphiques.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-09-22T09:47:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-22T09:47:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/breve-OCDE.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1919\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1077\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/breve-OCDE.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marin Saillofest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019OCDE alerte sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale malgr\u00e9 la reprise | Le Grand Continent\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/SIPA_Shutterstock40888843_000005-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-22T09:47:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-22T09:47:16+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/2838b2116880462ec27cf3f26316a10c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2021\/09\/22\/locde-alerte-sur-les-inegalites-a-lechelle-mondiale-malgre-la-reprise\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/SIPA_Shutterstock40888843_000005-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/SIPA_Shutterstock40888843_000005-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1707,\"caption\":\"Mandatory Credit: Photo by Kent Nishimura\/Los Angeles Times\/Shutterstock (12454729e) People visit the 'In America: Remember' public art installation near the Washington Monument on the National Mall on Monday, Sept. 20, 2021 in Washington, DC. 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