{"id":50376,"date":"2024-12-09T19:54:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-09T18:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/?p=50376"},"modified":"2024-12-10T10:20:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T09:20:08","slug":"el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/12\/09\/el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial\/","title":{"rendered":"El papel de China en la explosi\u00f3n de la deuda mundial"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Desde 2023, China es oficialmente el mayor acreedor bilateral del mundo: presta m\u00e1s que el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) y el Banco Mundial juntos, con m\u00e1s de un bill\u00f3n de d\u00f3lares prestados a los pa\u00edses en desarrollo como parte de las Nuevas Rutas de la Seda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ZxXzP\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>China tambi\u00e9n ha desempe\u00f1ado un papel protagonista en la explosi\u00f3n de la deuda mundial en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Seg\u00fan el FMI, se espera que la deuda p\u00fablica mundial supere los 100 billones de d\u00f3lares, o alrededor del 93% del PIB mundial, a finales de este a\u00f1o. Se acercar\u00e1 al 100% del PIB en 2030.&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-50376' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/12\/09\/el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-50376' title='Era Dabla-Norris, Davide Furceri, Raphael Lam y Jeta Menkulasi, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Blogs\/Articles\/2024\/10\/15\/global-public-debt-is-probably-worse-than-it-looks&quot;&gt;Global Public Debt Is Probably Worse Than it Looks&lt;\/a&gt;, Fonds mon\u00e9taire international, 15 de octubre de 2024.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La instituci\u00f3n considera que un deterioro de las condiciones macroecon\u00f3micas podr\u00eda aumentar la vulnerabilidad de los pa\u00edses con un elevado ratio deuda\/PIB (dificultad para hacer frente al pago de intereses, riesgo de crisis de liquidez, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Por primera vez este a\u00f1o,<a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/09\/20\/a-partir-de-este-ano-estados-unidos-gasta-mas-en-pagar-su-deuda-que-en-su-defensa\/\"> Estados Unidos gastar\u00e1 m\u00e1s en reembolsar su deuda que en defensa<\/a> (870 mil millones de d\u00f3lares en el pago de intereses en 2024, frente a 850 mil millones en defensa).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/jERCi\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Debido a las pr\u00e1cticas chinas (resoluci\u00f3n bilateral de crisis, confidencialidad, aplicaci\u00f3n de garant\u00edas, etc.), que divergen de las normas de transparencia y coordinaci\u00f3n apoyadas por el FMI y la mayor\u00eda de los acreedores bilaterales, los pa\u00edses sobreendeudados particularmente expuestos a la deuda emitida por China necesitan m\u00e1s misiones de negociaci\u00f3n del FMI para reestructurar su deuda.&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-2-50376' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/12\/09\/el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-50376' title='FERRY, Lauren L. y ZEITZ, Alexandra O., \u00ab&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/isq\/article\/68\/3\/sqae119\/7747392&quot;&gt;China, the IMF, and Sovereign Debt Crises&lt;\/a&gt;\u00bb, &lt;em&gt;International Studies Quarterly&lt;\/em&gt;, 2024, vol. 68, n\u00b0 3, p. 119.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La ausencia de China de los principales grupos de acreedores (especialmente el Club de Par\u00eds) refleja un sistema financiero internacional fragmentado que deja a los pa\u00edses con problemas de deuda en una situaci\u00f3n especialmente fr\u00e1gil.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/6wfDN\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Adem\u00e1s de asociar m\u00e1s al FMI y al Banco Mundial con Occidente, los pa\u00edses en desarrollo prefieren tradicionalmente obtener financiaci\u00f3n del gobierno chino porque los pr\u00e9stamos son m\u00e1s f\u00e1ciles y r\u00e1pidos de obtener. Durante el periodo 2013-2021, China proporcion\u00f3 679 mil millones de d\u00f3lares en pr\u00e9stamos a trav\u00e9s de sus Nuevas Rutas de la Seda, frente a los 76 mil millones de Estados Unidos en los mismos sectores.&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-3-50376' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/12\/09\/el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-50376' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/gao-24-106866.pdf&quot;&gt;China\u2019s Investments Significantly Outpace the U.S., and Experts Suggest Potential Improvements to the U.S. Approach&lt;\/a&gt;, United States Government Accountability Office, septiembre de 2024.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>China es el mayor acreedor bilateral del mundo, y hoy presta m\u00e1s que el FMI y el Banco Mundial juntos. Debido a las pr\u00e1cticas chinas y al incumplimiento de ciertas normas de transparencia, los pa\u00edses especialmente expuestos a la deuda emitida por Pek\u00edn y que se enfrentan a situaciones de sobreendeudamiento tienen m\u00e1s dificultades para resolver sus crisis de deuda con el FMI.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17959,"featured_media":50367,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"geo":[197],"class_list":["post-50376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economia","geo-asia-oriental"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>El papel de China en la explosi\u00f3n de la deuda mundial - El Grand Continent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2024\/12\/09\/el-papel-de-china-en-la-explosion-de-la-deuda-mundial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El papel de China en la explosi\u00f3n de la deuda mundial - El Grand Continent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China es el mayor acreedor bilateral del mundo, y hoy presta m\u00e1s que el FMI y el Banco Mundial juntos. 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