{"id":115336,"date":"2026-10-18T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-18T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/?p=115336"},"modified":"2026-10-18T00:24:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-17T22:24:24","slug":"economia-rusa-gasto-publico-cerca-media-de-ocde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2026\/10\/18\/economia-rusa-gasto-publico-cerca-media-de-ocde\/","title":{"rendered":"Econom\u00eda rusa: el gasto p\u00fablico se acerca a la media de la OCDE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Seg\u00fan Alexandre Isakov, director del Centro de Investigaciones Macroecon\u00f3micas de Sber y economista jefe del banco p\u00fablico de desarrollo Vnesheconombank (VEB), el gasto del presupuesto consolidado de Rusia representar\u00eda aproximadamente el 39% del PIB, un nivel cercano a la media de los pa\u00edses miembros de la OCDE (42,6% en 2023)&nbsp;<span class='whitespace-nowrap'><span id='easy-footnote-1-115336' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote note-digits-1'><a href='https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2026\/10\/18\/economia-rusa-gasto-publico-cerca-media-de-ocde\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-115336' title='&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/economics\/15\/10\/2026\/6acf95e7dc8803018721f28e&quot;&gt;\u00abAlexander Isakov \u2014 RBC: \u00abLa econom\u00eda de Rusia se encuentra en una fase de transformaci\u00f3n\u00bb&lt;\/a&gt;, &lt;em&gt;RBC&lt;\/em&gt;, 15 de octubre de 2026.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Isakov se\u00f1ala que la proporci\u00f3n del presupuesto respecto al PIB de Rusia ha aumentado considerablemente en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En 2018-2019, es decir, antes del inicio de la invasi\u00f3n a gran escala de Ucrania, el gasto del presupuesto consolidado representaba aproximadamente un tercio del PIB (entre el 32% y el 33%, seg\u00fan Isakov).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As\u00ed, esta proporci\u00f3n habr\u00eda aumentado en m\u00e1s de 6 puntos entre 2018 y 2025, mientras que en la OCDE solo ha aumentado en unos 2,4 puntos entre 2018 y 2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La diferencia entre Rusia y los pa\u00edses de la OCDE se sit\u00faa actualmente en 3,3 puntos (seg\u00fan las cifras de 2023 de la OCDE), frente a los casi 10 puntos de 2011.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/gtOr9\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>De este modo, Rusia se acercar\u00eda al l\u00edmite m\u00e1ximo del tama\u00f1o del sector p\u00fablico compatible con unas tasas de crecimiento elevadas y sostenibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Seg\u00fan Isakov, superar el umbral del 40% afectar\u00eda negativamente a las empresas, a la inversi\u00f3n y a la capacidad del presupuesto para recaudar impuestos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De hecho, considera que las empresas rusas ya est\u00e1n posponiendo sus inversiones debido a la incertidumbre fiscal y al riesgo macroecon\u00f3mico, lo que reduce la demanda y la base impositiva potencial del Estado.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Esta incertidumbre se ve agravada por las sucesivas subidas de impuestos destinadas a financiar el aumento del gasto p\u00fablico: el impuesto sobre los beneficios ha pasado del 20% al 25% en 2025, y el IVA, del 20% al 22% el 1 de enero de 2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframe-container wp-block-image wp-block-image-medium  iframe-dw\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<iframe class=\"absolute w-full h-full pin-t pin-l\" title=\"titolo\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/4uzep\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>El aumento del gasto p\u00fablico ruso se debe principalmente al presupuesto de defensa, que se prev\u00e9 que se dispare un <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2026\/09\/29\/economia-rusa-en-2027-putin-gastara-mas-que-nunca-en-la-guerra\/\">32%<\/a> en 2027 hasta alcanzar los 17,1 billones de rublos (unos 182.000 millones de euros).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De aqu\u00ed a finales de a\u00f1o, el gasto militar ruso podr\u00eda superar as\u00ed el <a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/es\/2026\/09\/11\/como-putin-esta-arruinando-la-economia-rusa\/\">10% del PIB<\/a> por primera vez desde la \u00e9poca sovi\u00e9tica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El elevado nivel de gasto p\u00fablico en los pa\u00edses de la OCDE, y en particular en aquellos que tambi\u00e9n son miembros de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, donde la media alcanza el 49,2% del PIB (frente al 42,6% de media en la OCDE en 2023 y al 39% en Rusia en 2025), se debe principalmente al peso de la protecci\u00f3n social.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De hecho, la parte del PIB destinada al gasto social, a la sanidad y a la educaci\u00f3n representa aproximadamente el 27% en los pa\u00edses de la OCDE (un 13,4% en protecci\u00f3n social, un 8,4% a la sanidad y un 4,9% a la educaci\u00f3n), y del 31% en los de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, frente al 19% de Rusia en 2021, seg\u00fan nuestros c\u00e1lculos a partir de los datos del Ministerio de Hacienda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La diferencia entre Rusia y la OCDE ha pasado de 10 a 3 puntos del PIB desde 2011<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":115332,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/post-briefings.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":3,"_lgc_tts_source":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"staff":[],"editorial_format":[1472],"serie":[],"audience":[],"geo":[182],"class_list":["post-115336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economia","editorial_format-analisis","geo-asia-septentrional"],"acf":{"open_in_webview":false,"accent":"default","_thumbnail_id":115332,"excerpt":"La diferencia entre Rusia y la OCDE ha pasado de 10 a 3 puntos del PIB desde 2011\r\n","display_date":"","new_abstract":true},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Econom\u00eda rusa: el gasto p\u00fablico se 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